scholarly journals Assessment of virtual reality as an anxiety and disgust provoking tool: The use of VR exposure in individuals with high contamination fear

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mujgan Inozu ◽  
Ufuk Çelikcan ◽  
Ezgi Trak ◽  
Elif Üzümcü ◽  
Hüseyin Nergiz
Keyword(s):  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Contamination Fear ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
The Relationship

Preliminary studies have provided promising results on the feasibility of virtual reality (VR) interventions for Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. The present study investigated whether VR scenarios that were developed for contamination concerns evoke anxiety, disgust, and the urge to wash in individuals with high (n = 33) and low (n = 33) contamination fear. In addition, the feasibility of VR exposure in inducing disgust was examined through testing the mediator role of disgust in the relationship between contamination anxiety and the urge to wash. Participants were immersed in virtual scenarios with varying degrees of dirtiness and rated their level of anxiety, disgust, and the urge to wash after performing the virtual tasks. Data were collected between September and December 2019. The participants with high contamination fear reported higher contamination-related ratings than those with low contamination fear. The significant main effect of dirtiness indicated that anxiety and disgust levels increased with increasing overall dirtiness of the virtual scenarios in both high and low contamination fear groups. Moreover, disgust elicited by VR mediated the relationship between contamination fear and the urge to wash. The findings demonstrated the feasibility of VR in eliciting emotional responses that are necessary for conducting exposure in individuals with high contamination fear. In conclusion, VR can be used as an alternative exposure tool in the treatment of contamination-based OCD.

Death obsession’s potential mediational role in the relation between pregnancy-related anxiety and prenatal obsessive-compulsive disorder

2020 ◽  
pp. 008124632096153
Author(s):  
Sadi Cordelia Bambo ◽  
Solomon Mashegoane
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mediator Role ◽  
Mediational Role ◽  
Composite Scores ◽  
The Relationship

The study investigated the mediator role of death obsession in the relationship between pregnancy-related anxiety and prenatal obsessive-compulsive disorder among pregnant women in the Capricorn district, South Africa. Two hundred and six conveniently selected respondents completed questionnaires individually. Statistically significant associations were found between pregnancy-related anxiety and death obsession, death obsession and prenatal obsessive-compulsive disorder, and pregnancy-related anxiety and prenatal obsessive-compulsive disorder ( ps ⩽ .05). Analysis further showed that death obsession mediates the relationship between pregnancy-related anxiety and both composite scores of a prenatal obsessive-compulsive disorder measure (Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory–Revised) and most of its components. The findings suggest that death obsession is a likely mediator that has to be studied further.

scholarly journals The Mediating Role of Alexithymia in the Relationship of Coping Strategies and Personality Traits With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 62-81
Author(s):  
Masoud Bagheri ◽  
◽  
Kazem Nematollah Zadeh Mahani ◽  
Maryam Pour Amrollahi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Coping Strategies ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Psychological Health ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
The Relationship

Aims: Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is one of the severe psychological health problems imposing considerable social and economic costs on society. OCD debilitating symptoms can disrupt interpersonal relations, job performance, and life quality. The purpose of this study is to investigate the mediating role of alexithymia in the relationship between coping strategies and personality traits with OCD. Methods & Materials: This is a descriptive correlational study. The study population consists of all people with OCD referred to psychiatric clinics in Kerman City, Iran, during 2018-2019. Of this population, 200 patients were selected using a convenience sampling method. Research instruments included the ways of coping questionnaire, NEO five-factor personality inventory, Toronto alexithymia scale, and Maudsley obsessive-compulsive test. The obtained data were analyzed using the Pearson correlation test and simultaneous and hierarchical regression in SPSS v. 23. Findings: Personality traits had a negative significant correlation with alexithymia (r=0.523, P<0.000) and OCD (r=0.253, P<0.000). Alexithymia had a significant positive correlation with OCD (r=0.272, P<0.000). There was no correlation between problem-focused coping and alexithymia (r=-0.045, P<0.531). There was a positive correlation between emotion-focused coping and OCD (r=0.198, P<0.000). The fit indices indicated a good fit of the proposed model (P<0.005). Conclusion: Alexithymia, as a mediator of the relationship between coping styles and personality traits with OCD, plays an essential role in improving the psychological health of people with OCD.

Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder in Paediatric and Adult Samples: Nature, Treatment and Cognitive Processes. A Review of the Theoretical and Empirical Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharlene C. Mantz ◽  
Maree J. Abbott
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Cognitive Appraisal ◽  
Cognitive Appraisals ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Correlational Data ◽  
Appraisal Processes ◽  
The Relationship

The appraisal model of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) suggests that six key appraisal domains contribute to the aetiology and maintenance of OCD symptoms. An accumulating body of evidence supports this notion and suggests that modifying cognitive appraisals may be beneficial in reducing obsessive-compulsive symptomatology. This literature review first summarises the nature of OCD and its treatment, followed by a summary of the existing correlational and experimental research on the role of cognitive appraisal processes in OCD across both adult and paediatric samples. While correlational data provide some support for the relationship between cognitive appraisal domains and OCD symptoms, results are inconclusive, and experimental methods are warranted to determine the precise causal relationship between specific cognitive appraisal domains and OCD symptoms.

scholarly journals A Phenomenological Investigation of the Role of Guilt in Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

1996 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-218 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dallas Savoie
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Phenomenological Approach ◽  
Complete Understanding ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Personal Significance ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Study Participants ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe current work takes a phenomenological approach to investigating the role of guilt in a sample of persons diagnosed with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD). The role of guilt in OCD has been frequently noted in the literature, although infrequently studied as a factor in its own right. Typically, those studying OCD have found positive correlations between questionnaire measures of guilt and self-reported symptoms of OCD. Those working with sufferers have also found that OC clients in therapy report feelings of guilt with respect to their symptoms. The present work investigates, in a qualitative way, the meaning of guilt for those with OCD. The presumed role of guilt is examined descriptively, with an eye to developing a more complete understanding of the relationship between feelings of guilt and OC symptoms in a sample of sufferers. Nine participants (N=9) were recruited, and were interviewed using an unstructured approach. In terms of analysis, emphasis was placed on understanding the experience of guilt and OC symptoms as both were lived by sufferers, with a focus on the personal significance of guilt for study participants. Fifteen descriptive guilt/OCD themes were derived from interviews across the nine participants. Themes revealed a variety of connections that sufferers made between feelings of guilt and symptoms of OCD. A common description of the experience was also derived. The results suggest that the role of guilt in OCD is highly interpersonal in nature, and that feelings of guilt may precede, motivate, as well as be a consequence of, OC symptoms. The role of guilt for any given sufferer may also be highly idiosyncratic.

scholarly journals External Criticism by Parents and Obsessive Beliefs in Adolescents: Mediating Role of Beliefs associated with Inflated Responsibility

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 125 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zohrh Halvaiepour ◽  
Mehdi Nosratabadi
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Beliefs ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
School Students ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Inflated Responsibility ◽  
The Relationship

<p><strong>BACKGROUND &amp; OBJECTIVES:</strong> Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) is considered as a rare disorder in children. According to cognitive theories, criticism triggers responsibility behavior and thus causes obsessive behaviors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the mediating role of beliefs associated with responsibility in the relationship between external criticism of parents and obsessive beliefs in adolescents.</p> <p><strong>MATERIALS &amp; METHODS:</strong> In this study, 547 high school students aged from 15 to18 years were selected using multi-stage cluster random sampling from four regions of the education office in Shiraz. Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire-child version (OBQ-CV), Pathway to Inflated Responsibility beliefs Scale (PIRBS), and perceived criticism questionnaire were used to collect data. Pearson's correlation was used to investigate the relationship between the study variables. For analysis of mediation model, multiple mediators analysis using Macro Software was used.<strong></strong></p> <p><strong>RESULTS:</strong> External criticism only indirectly and through beliefs associated with inflated responsibility accounts for 6% of the variance of responsibility, 14% of the variance of threat estimation and 10% of the variance of perfectionism of obsessive beliefs (P&lt;0.05). However, external criticism, both directly and indirectly and through beliefs associated with inflated responsibility accounts for 7% of the variance of the importance of obsessive beliefs.</p> <p><strong>CONCLUSION:</strong> This study showed that the beliefs associated with inflated responsibility can mediate the relationship between external criticism and obsessive beliefs. According to the cognitive model of Salkovskis, criticism by parents, as a violation to and an influence on children, by affecting the subscales of inflated responsibility, can increase the symptoms of obsessive-compulsive disorder. In order to identify potential affecting mechanisms of criticism on obsessive-compulsive disorder, further experimental research is required.</p>

scholarly journals Social network sites and obsessive-compulsive disorder: An investigation with suppression analyses

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Soon Li Lee
Keyword(s):  
Social Network ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Hierarchical Regression ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Relationship

This research examined the relationship between social network site (SNS) intensity, SNS addiction, and the severity of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), alongside its factors of obsession and compulsion. The overlap of SNS intensity and SNS addiction was controlled in the study to predict the measured severity of OCD. In this study, 204 Malaysian undergraduate students were recruited to complete the revised Facebook Intensity Scale, the revised Bergen Facebook Addiction Scale, and the self-report version of the Yale-Brown Obsessive-Compulsive Scale. The overlap of SNS intensity and SNS addiction was supported by their significant positive correlation. Furthermore, SNS addiction significantly correlated with the measured OCD and its corresponding factors. The hierarchical regression analysis revealed that the entry of SNS intensity enhanced the facilitative effect of SNS addiction on OCD and its factors. Therefore, the role of SNS intensity as a suppressor was supported. In the same regression model, SNS intensity predicted the severity of OCD and its compulsion subscale negatively. Implications and directions for future research were also discussed in this manuscript.

The Mediating Role of Emotion Regulation Difficulties in the Relationship Between Self-Compassion and OCD Severity in a Non-Referred Sample

2019 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-168
Author(s):  
Tannah E. Chase ◽  
Gregory S. Chasson ◽  
C. Elizabeth Hamilton ◽  
Chad T. Wetterneck ◽  
Angela H. Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Emotion Regulation ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Symptom Dimensions ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Compassion ◽  
The Relationship

Self-compassion involves extending kindness and understanding to one's self. Research has demonstrated inverse relationships between self-compassion and maladaptive constructs associated with obsessive–compulsive disorder (OCD), including emotion regulation (ER) difficulties. The current study sought to explore associations between self-compassion, ER difficulties, and OCD severity. Data were collected at the International Obsessive–Compulsive Disorder Foundation convention from 62 attendees who reported having a diagnosis of OCD (51% male, mean age 35.9 years). Findings demonstrated that self-compassion and ER difficulties were associated with overall OCD severity. Results also indicated that ER difficulties mediated relationships between self-compassion and overall OCD severity, as well as the severity of two OCD symptom dimensions, responsibility for harm and unacceptable thoughts. These findings suggest that self-compassion and ER difficulties may be involved in the maintenance and severity of OCD.

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-25
Author(s):  
Karolina Diallo
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
School Performance ◽  
School Environment ◽  
Detrimental Effect ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder ◽  
The Past ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact

Pupil with Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder. Over the past twenty years childhood OCD has received more attention than any other anxiety disorder that occurs in the childhood. The increasing interest and research in this area have led to increasing number of diagnoses of OCD in children and adolescents, which affects both specialists and teachers. Depending on the severity of symptoms OCD has a detrimental effect upon child's school performance, which can lead almost to the impossibility to concentrate on school and associated duties. This article is devoted to the obsessive-compulsive disorder and its specifics in children, focusing on the impact of this disorder on behaviour, experience and performance of the child in the school environment. It mentions how important is the role of the teacher in whose class the pupil with this diagnosis is and it points out that it is necessary to increase teachers' competence to identify children with OCD symptoms, to take the disease into the account, to adapt the course of teaching and to introduce such measures that could help children reduce the anxiety and maintain (or increase) the school performance within and in accordance with the school regulations and curriculum.

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