scholarly journals Assessment of the influence of overweight and obesity on the development of prehypertension and hypertension in children aged 6-15

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 85-96
Author(s):  
Marijana Jandrić-Kočić
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Primary School ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Hypertension In Children

Introduction/Aim: 41 million children under the age of 5 and 340 million children and adolescents aged 5 to 19 are overweight or obese. Obesity in children and adolescents is the most important predictor of high blood pressure. The aim of the study was to examine the incidence of overweight and obesity in primary school children aged 6 to 15 years, as well as to examine the incidence of prehypertension and hypertension in children who were overweight and obese. Method: The study included 85 of 86 children from the Primary School "Krupa na Uni". Data were collected with the help of a questionnaire, while body weight and blood pressure were measured. The chi-square test and t-test were used for the statistical analysis of data Results: The cross-sectional study included 85 children, 45 (52.9%) boys and 40 (47.1%) girls with an average age of 10.87 ± 2.70 years. Normal weight was found in 54 (63.5%) subjects, underweight in 12 (14.1%), overweight in 5 (5.9%), and obesity in 14 (16.5%). 76 (89.4%) subjects had normal blood pressure values, 5 (5.9%) prehypertensive state, and 4 (4.7%) arterial hypertension. There was no significant difference between younger and older children regarding their nutritional status (p=0.477) and blood pressure levels (p=0.453). Children who were overweight and obese had prehypertension and hypertension significantly more often (p˂0.001). Conclusion: Every fifth child was overweight or obese, while prehypertension or hypertension were found in every tenth child. The timely change of diet and physical activity could contribute to the regulation of body weight and the regulation of blood pressure, as well.

scholarly journals Associations among blood pressure, salt consumption and body weight status of students from south-western Ontario

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 1114-1119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah J Woodruff ◽  
Katherine Fryer ◽  
Ty Campbell ◽  
Mary Cole
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Salt Consumption ◽  
Body Weight Status ◽  
Obesity Status ◽  
Diet Recall

AbstractObjectiveThe purpose was to examine the associations among body weight status, blood pressure and daily Na intake among grade 7 students from south-western Ontario, Canada.DesignCross-sectional. Data were collected using the Food Behaviour Questionnaire, including a 24 h diet recall. Measured height and weight were used to determine BMI. Blood pressure was taken manually using mercury sphygmomanometers.SettingTwenty-six schools in south-western Ontario, Canada.SubjectsGrade 7 students (n1068).ResultsBody weight status indicated 1 % were underweight, 56 % normal weight, 23 % overweight and 20 % were obese. Mean systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) were 108·3 (sd10·3) mmHg and 66·0 (sd7·5) mmHg, respectively, and mean Na intake was 2799 (sd1539) mg/d. Bivariate analyses suggested that SBP (P< 0·001) and DBP (P< 0·001) were significantly different by body weight status, yet no associations were observed for Na. Adjusted for gender, ethnicity and under-reporting, participants were more likely to be overweight/obese if they had higher SBP (v.lower: OR = 1·06, 95 % CI 1·05, 1·08,P< 0·001), higher DBP (v.lower: OR = 1·02, 95 % CI 1·00, 1·04,P= 0·043) and higher intakes of Na (3rdv.1st quartile: OR = 1·72, 95 % CI 1·14, 2·59,P= 0·009; 4thv.1st quartile: OR = 2·88, 95 % CI, 1·76, 4·73,P< 0·001).ConclusionsHigh intakes of Na, coupled with high SBP and DBP, were associated with overweight and obesity status among the grade 7 sample from south-western Ontario, Canada.

scholarly journals Prevalence of blood pressure among students in Jiangsu Province, China

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (8) ◽  
pp. 3333-3335
Author(s):  
Taha Hussein Musa ◽  
Wei Li ◽  
Tauseef Ahmad ◽  
Chu Jinjin ◽  
Hassan Hussein Musa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Jiangsu Province ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Chinese Han ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Student Gender ◽  
Important Message ◽  
Significant Difference

Aim: Obesity and Blood Pressure (BP) is a serious public health issue. The study aims to assess the prevalence of BP and the factors associated with High Blood Pressure (HBP) among student in Jiangsu Province, China. Methods: A cross-sectional epidemiological study. A total of 101886 students (62,065 boys and 39,821 girls) aged range from 7-22 yea rs were recruited in 2010-2013. Anthropometric measurements and BP prevalence were measured, and in addition, body mass index (BMI) was calculated. We assess the prevalence of BP according to the National Blood Pressure Reference for Chinese Han children and adolescents. Results: A significant difference was observed in HBP prevalence in terms of student gender, region, age and BMI (P<0,001). Overweight and obesity were significantly associated with HBP (P<0.001). Conclusions: The findings convey an important message to the parents, health institutions that urgent action is needed to enhance effective control of HBP among the overweight and obese, and among those are living in a rural area.  

scholarly journals Estimation of percentage of body fat in field studies – a method based on relative elbow breadth (Frame Index) and BMI

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Mumm ◽  
Anna Reimann ◽  
Christiane Scheffler
Keyword(s):  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Body Fat ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Public Health Research ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Obese Children ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Skeletal Robusticity

Background Over the last 20 years, a decreasing trend in external skeletal robusticity and an increasing trend in overweight and obesity was observed worldwide in adults and children as modern lifestyles in nutritional and activity behavior have changed. However, body mass index (BMI) as a measure for overweight is not an ideal predictor of % body fat (%BF) either in children and adolescents or in adults. On the contrary, it disguises a phenomenon called “hidden obesity”. Objectives We aim to approximate %BF by combining skeletal robusticity and BMI and develop an estimation-based tool to identify normal weight obese children and adolescents. Sample and Methods We analyzed cross-sectional data on height, weight, elbow breadth, and skinfold thickness (triceps and subscapular) of German children aged 6 to 18 years (N=15,034). We used modified Hattori charts and multiple linear regression to develop a tool, the “%BF estimator”, to estimate %BF by using BMI and skeletal robusticity measured as Frame Index. Results Independent of sex and age an increase in BMI is associated with an increase in %BF, an increase in Frame Index is associated with a decrease in %BF. The developed tool “%BF estimator” allows the estimation of %BF per sex and age group after calculation of BMI and Frame Index. Conclusion The “%BF estimator” is an easily applicable tool for the estimation of %BF in respect of body composition for clinical practice, screening, and public health research. It is non-invasive and has high accuracy. Further, it allows the identification of normal weight obese children and adolescents.

scholarly journals Socio-economic Analysis and the Study of Prevalence, Awareness, Treatment, Control and Risk Factors of Hypertension in Hospital Staff

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-19
Author(s):  
Samjhana Shakya ◽  
J Bhattarai ◽  
K Rawal ◽  
AR Kunwar ◽  
YR Shakya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Hospital Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cluster Sampling ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public Health Challenge

Hypertension is an important public health challenge in the developing and the developed world alike. This worksite based descriptive cross-sectional study was undertaken in Sahid Gangalal National Heart Centre in 2010 with 50 subjects were recruited by multistage purposive cluster sampling. The primary aim of this descriptive cross-sectional study was to assess the socioeco­nomic status and to measure the prevalence, awareness, treatment, and correlates of hypertension. The prevalence of pre-hypertension is 38% and hypertension is 34%. Among the hypertensive 53% are aware of their condition and 66.66% of them are under treatment and 16.66% have con­trol over the condition. The prevalence of overweight and obesity were 22% and 4% respectively. The prevalence of central obesity was 29.72% among male and 69% among female. Knowledge, Attitude and Practice on hypertension was satisfactory. Fourteen percent understood hypertension as a raised blood pressure during blood flow in the arteries. Majority of them (72%) have posi­tive attitude towards use of medicine in hypertension. Majority of them (86%) had checked their blood pressure in last 2 years. Difference in prevalence of hypertension was found among the tobacco users and non- users (65% vs 40%), who do regular exercise and those who do not (28% vs. 38%) and sleep disturbance was higher among hypertensive than non-hypertensive (48% vs. 10%). Patients with Dislipidemia (32%) had higher prevalence of hypertension than those without Dislipidemia (44% vs 30 %) Similar finding were found between overweight participants (26%) and normal weight participants (46% vs 34%). The prevalence of hypertension is higher with the higher socio-economic status. Nepalese Heart Journal | Volume 7 | No.1 | November 2010 (special issue) | Page 15-19 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/njh.v7i1.8496

scholarly journals The secular trend in the prevalence of overweight and obesity in the population of primary school children from Ljubljana (Slovenia)

2014 ◽  
Vol 53 (2) ◽  
pp. 188-198 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjeta Kovač ◽  
Gregor Jurak ◽  
Lijana Zaletel Kragelj ◽  
Bojan Leskošek
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Reference Group ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has increased dramatically in recent decades. The survey examined overweight and obesity in the population of boys and girls from Ljubljana, the capital of Slovenia, aged seven through fourteen from 1991 to 2011. Methods: An annually repeated cross-sectional study of data from the national SLOFIT monitoring system was used. The body mass index cut-off points of the International Obesity Task Force were used to identify the prevalence of overweight and obesity. Multinomial logistic regression was used for modelling the probability of overweight and obesity as a function of time (year of measurement), sex and age of subjects. Results: In 1991-2011 period, the odds for overweight and obesity among primary school children (n = 376,719) increased every year by 1.7% (95% CI: 1.6-1.9) and 3.7% (3.4-4%) respectively. Boys have 1.17 (95% CI: 1.15-1.20) times higher odds of becoming overweight and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.35-1.44) times higher odds of becoming obese than girls. In comparison to the reference group (age of 14), the highest odds for overweight were found at the ages of nine and ten (1.39; 95% CI: 1.34-1.44), while for the obesity the highest odds were at the age of eight (2.01; 95% CI: 1.86-2.16). Conclusion: From 1991 to 2011, overweight and obesity clearly became more prevalent in children from Ljubljana. This trend has been more obvious among boys than girls. In comparison to 14-year-old boys and girls, the highest odds for excessive weight were found below the age of 10.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among Primary School Children Aged 8–13 Years in Dar es Salaam City, Tanzania

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ismail N. Pangani ◽  
Festus K. Kiplamai ◽  
Jane W. Kamau ◽  
Vincent O. Onywera
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Primary Schools ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Dar Es Salaam ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background. The understanding of obesity as a growing health problem in Africa and Tanzania in particular is hampered by lack of data as well as sociocultural beliefs in which overweight and obesity are revered. This study sought to determine the prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children aged 8–13 years in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.Method. A cross-sectional analytical research design was used to study overweight and obesity in primary schools in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. The target population was 150,000 children aged 8–13 years. Stratified random sampling was used to select 1781 children. Weight and height were taken and WHO standards for children were used to determine weight status.Results. Findings showed that the prevalence of overweight and obesity was 15.9% and 6.7%, respectively (N=1781). However, 6.2% of the children were underweight. There were significant differences in mean BMI between children in private and public schools (p=0.021), between male and female (p<0.001), and across age groups of 8–10 and 11–13 years (p<0.001).Conclusion. The prevalence of overweight and obesity among primary school children is significant and requires management and prevention strategies.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Sleep Duration, Body Mass Index, Physical Education Classes, Age and High Blood Pressure in Children and Adolescents: A Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lei Cao ◽  
Ge Li ◽  
Changhong Zhang ◽  
Xiaohua Tang
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Physical Education ◽  
Children And Adolescents ◽  
Sleep Duration ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
School Students ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract Background In order to study the high blood pressure of children and adolescents and its influencing factors, it provides evidence-based evidence for the high blood pressure prevention of primary and secondary school students. Methods This study is a cross-sectional survey, which uses stratified cluster sampling method to select students from 7 schools to participate in questionnaire survey and physical examination. The correlation between single factor and high blood pressure was analyzed by chi-square test, and multivariate logistic regression analysis was used for multivariate analysis. Results A total of 1,814 subjects, including 512 primary school students (28.22%), 499 junior high school students (27.51%), 563 senior high school (31.04%), and 240 vocational high school (13.23%). There were 1000 males (55.13%) and 814 females (44.70%). The average age was 13.64±2.65 years. The detection rate of high blood pressure was 9.76%. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the age groups were 10~ and 14~ (OR=20.870, 95%CI=2.372-183.666; OR=10.049, 95%CI=1.306-77.353) , sleep duration < 7h (OR=4.136, 95%CI=4.136), and physical education class times ≤2 times per week (OR=5.073, 95%CI=2.497-10.306), which were risk factors for high blood pressure in children and adolescents. Normal weight and overweight group were protective factors compared to the obesity group (OR=0.094, 95%CI=0.061-0.146; OR=0.225, 95%CI=0.134-0.378). Conclusion The age groups of 14~ and 16~ years old, physical education classes ≤ 2 times per week, and sleep duration <7h were risk factors for primary and secondary school students, and BMI of Normal weight and overweight group were protective factors compared to the obesity group students.

scholarly journals Assessment of overweight, obesity and metabolic variables among students of a private medical college in Dhaka city

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58
Author(s):  
Roksana Yeasmin ◽  
Subhagata Choudhury ◽  
Sultana Parveen ◽  
Nazmun Nahar ◽  
Khadiza Begum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Central Obesity ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Children And Adolescent ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Metabolic Variables

Background: Overweight and obesity are recognized as recent threat which affecting both developing and developed countries. Obesity and its associated morbidities are leading cause of most non-communicable diseases. Few recent studies have indicated the presence of increase in overweight and obesity among children and adolescent but there is no study among adult groups. Method and material: This cross sectional study was done to assess the prevalence of overweight, obesity and metabolic variables with their relation among medical students. Result: Our result reveals that 8.6% & 1.9% male and 15% & 3.2% female are suffering from overweight and obesity (based on BMI) respectively. More females (31.3% and 65.2%) are centrally obese than males (3.5% and 34.8%) (According to Waist Hip ratio and Waist Height ratio respectively). But according to Waist circumference more males (30.7%) are obese than females (24%). There is also significant difference of male and female BP. DBP and SBP of male (79.22mmHg & 118.9 mmHg) have high normal level than female (72.71mmHg and 108.67mmHg) (P<0.001). There is no significant difference of glycaemic status (p<.286) and lipid profile ( p<.347) with central obesity. Conclusion: Although male students have high upper level of blood pressure, female students are more obese than males (both according to BMI and central obesity). High blood pressure and obesity both acts as risk factors for the development of non communicable disease. Student’s awareness therefore should be increased to reduce central obesity and BP within normal range.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjms.v14i1.21559 Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science Vol.14(1) 2015 p.53-58

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