Early Detection and Biomarkers in Pancreatic Cancer

2007 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
pp. 1034-1041 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Misek ◽  
Tasneem H. Patwa ◽  
David M. Lubman ◽  
Diane M. Simeone
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Major advances in cancer control will be greatly aided by early detection for diagnosing and treating cancer in its preinvasive state before metastasis. Unfortunately, for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), which is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the United States, effective early detection and screening are currently not available and tumors are typically diagnosed at a late stage, frequently after metastasis. Partly because of low sensitivity/specificity, existing biomarkers such as CA19-9 are not adequate as early detection markers of pancreatic cancer. Thus, a great need exists for new biomarkers for pancreatic cancer. This article focuses on recent developments in the identification of new serum protein biomarkers that are useful in the early detection of PDAC.

scholarly journals Protein Biomarkers for the Early Detection of Breast Cancer

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
David E. Misek ◽  
Evelyn H. Kim
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Cancer Control ◽  
The United States ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Patient Response ◽  
Diagnosis And Prognosis ◽  
Her 2 ◽  
New Biomarkers

Advances in breast cancer control will be greatly aided by early detection so as to diagnose and treat breast cancer in its preinvasive state prior to metastasis. For breast cancer, the second leading cause of cancer-related death among women in the United States, early detection does allow for increased treatment options, including surgical resection, with a corresponding better patient response. Unfortunately, however, many patients' tumors are diagnosed following metastasis, thus making it more difficult to successfully treat the malignancy. There are, at present, no existing validated plasma/serum biomarkers for breast cancer. Only a few biomarkers (such as HER-2/neu, estrogen receptor, and progesterone receptor) have utility for diagnosis and prognosis. Thus, there is a great need for new biomarkers for breast cancer. This paper will focus on the identification of new serum protein biomarkers with utility for the early detection of breast cancer.

scholarly journals Potential biomarkers for early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 2170-2174
Author(s):  
D. Kriz ◽  
D. Ansari ◽  
R. Andersson
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Retrospective Studies ◽  
Carbohydrate Antigen ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Clinical Validity ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Epigenetic Biomarkers ◽  
Major Organ ◽  
New Biomarkers

Abstract Pancreatic cancer has the highest mortality amongst all major organ cancers. Early detection is key to reduce deaths related to pancreatic cancer. However, early detection has been challenged by the lack of non-invasive biomarkers with enough sensitivity and specificity to allow for screening. The gold standard is still carbohydrate antigen (CA 19-9), against which all new biomarkers must be evaluated. In this paper, we describe recent progress in the development of new pancreatic cancer biomarkers, focusing on proteins, metabolites, and genetic and epigenetic biomarkers. Although several promising biomarkers have been identified, they are all derived from retrospective studies and additional prospective studies are needed to confirm their clinical validity.

scholarly journals Advances in Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer

Diagnostics ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 18 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atsushi Kanno ◽  
Atsushi Masamune ◽  
Keiji Hanada ◽  
Masataka Kikuyama ◽  
Masayuki Kitano
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
The United States ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Intraductal Papillary Mucinous Neoplasms ◽  
Mucinous Neoplasms

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a lethal disease. PDAC is the fourth leading cause of death in the United States and Japan based on epidemiological data. Early detection of PDAC is very important to improve the prognosis of PDAC. Early detection of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) requires further examination after selecting cases with risk factors for the condition, such as family history, hereditary pancreatic carcinoma syndrome, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, or chronic pancreatitis. The Japan Study Group on the Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer has investigated and clarified the clinicopathological features for the early diagnosis of PDAC. In Japan, an algorithm for the early diagnosis of PDAC, which utilized the cooperation of local clinics and regional general hospitals, has been a breakthrough in the detection of early-stage PDAC. Further approaches for the early diagnosis of PDAC are warranted.

scholarly journals A Proteomic Study on the Personalized Protein Corona of Liposomes. Relevance for Early Diagnosis of Pancreatic DUCTAL Adenocarcinoma and Biomarker Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 82-93
Author(s):  
Luca Digiacomo ◽  
Francesca Giulimondi ◽  
Daniela Pozzi ◽  
Alessandro Coppola ◽  
Vincenzo La Vaccara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Early Diagnosis ◽  
Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Protein Corona ◽  
Detection Sensitivity ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Protein Biomarkers ◽  
Ca 19.9 ◽  
Proteomic Study

Due to late diagnosis, high incidence of metastasis, and poor survival rate, pancreatic cancer is one of the most leading cause of cancer-related death. Although manifold recent efforts have been done to achieve an early diagnosis of pancreatic cancer, CA-19.9 is currently the unique biomarker that is adopted for the detection, despite its limits in terms of sensitivity and specificity. To identify potential protein biomarkers for pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), we used three model liposomes as nanoplatforms that accumulate proteins from human plasma and studied the composition of this biomolecular layer, which is known as protein corona. Indeed, plasma proteins adsorb on nanoparticle surface according to their abundance and affinity to the employed nanomaterial, thus even small differences between healthy and PDAC protein expression levels can be, in principle, detected. By mass spectrometry experiments, we quantified such differences and identified possible biomarkers for PDAC. Some of them are already known to exhibit different expressions in PDAC proteomes, whereas the role of other relevant proteins is still not clear. Therefore, we predict that the employment of nanomaterials and their protein corona may represent a useful tool to amplify the detection sensitivity of cancer biomarkers, which may be used for the early diagnosis of PDAC, with clinical implication for the subsequent therapy in the context of personalized medicine.

scholarly journals Clinical Perspective on Proteomic and Glycomic Biomarkers for Diagnosis, Prognosis, and Prediction of Pancreatic Cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 2655
Author(s):  
Randa G. Hanna-Sawires ◽  
Jorinde H. Schiphuis ◽  
Manfred Wuhrer ◽  
Hans F. A. Vasen ◽  
Monique E. van Leerdam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Surgical Techniques ◽  
Protein Glycosylation ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Careful Study ◽  
Prognosis And Prediction ◽  
Prognostic Stratification ◽  
Neo Adjuvant Chemotherapy ◽  
New Biomarkers ◽  
Study Designs

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is known as a highly aggressive malignant disease. Prognosis for patients is notoriously poor, despite improvements in surgical techniques and new (neo)adjuvant chemotherapy regimens. Early detection of PDAC may increase the overall survival. It is furthermore foreseen that precision medicine will provide improved prognostic stratification and prediction of therapeutic response. In this review, omics-based discovery efforts are presented that aim for novel diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers of PDAC. For this purpose, we systematically evaluated the literature published between 1999 and 2020 with a focus on protein- and protein-glycosylation biomarkers in pancreatic cancer patients. Besides genomic and transcriptomic approaches, mass spectrometry (MS)-based proteomics and glycomics of blood- and tissue-derived samples from PDAC patients have yielded new candidates with biomarker potential. However, for reasons discussed in this review, the validation and clinical translation of these candidate markers has not been successful. Consequently, there has been a change of mindset from initial efforts to identify new unimarkers into the current hypothesis that a combination of biomarkers better suits a diagnostic or prognostic panel. With continuing development of current research methods and available techniques combined with careful study designs, new biomarkers could contribute to improved detection, prognosis, and prediction of pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals The Screening and Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer: Who, When, and How?

2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 65-71
Author(s):  
Jae Hyuck Chang
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Chronic Pancreatitis ◽  
General Population ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Imaging Modality ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Average Risk ◽  
Cystic Lesions ◽  
Low Prevalence ◽  
New Onset

More than 80% of patients with pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA) present with symptomatic, surgically unresectable disease. If a “stage shift” from the current 20% resectable proportion to greater by early detection can be achieved, it will unequivocally lead to improved survival in this otherwise dismal disease. Although the goal of early detection of PDA is laudable, the relatively low prevalence PDA renders general population screening infeasible. To avoid the perils of overdiagnosis and to focus early detection efforts on individuals deemed to be at higher-than-average risk, we need to define those subsets of individuals, such as familial kindred and patients with precursor cystic lesions, chronic pancreatitis, and new-onset diabetes. The next step is to determine when and how often to conduct surveillance in the atrisk individuals and the modalities (biomarkers and imaging) that will be used in the surveillance and diagnostic settings, respectively. Nonetheless, vast challenges still remain in terms of validated blood-based biomarkers, imaging modality, and when and how often the surveillance.

scholarly journals Early Detection of Pancreatic Cancer: Role of Biomarkers in Pancreatic Fluid Samples

Diagnostics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 1056
Author(s):  
Noboru Ideno ◽  
Yasuhisa Mori ◽  
Masafumi Nakamura ◽  
Takao Ohtsuka
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Early Detection ◽  
Pancreatic Juice ◽  
Needle Aspiration ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Protein Marker ◽  
Duodenal Fluid ◽  
Progression Model ◽  
Surveillance Programs ◽  
Low Sensitivity

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related deaths worldwide. Most patients with PDAC present with symptomatic, surgically unresectable disease. Therefore, the establishment of strategies for the early detection is urgently needed. Molecular biomarkers might be useful in various phases of a strategy to identify high-risk individuals in the general population and to detect high-risk lesions during intense surveillance programs combined with imaging modalities. However, the low sensitivity and specificity of biomarkers currently available for PDAC, such as carbohydrate 19-9 (CA19-9), contribute to the late diagnosis of this deadly disease. Although almost all classes of biomarker assays have been studied, most of them are used in the context of symptomatic diseases. Compared to other body fluids, pancreatic juice and duodenal fluid are better sources of DNA, RNA, proteins, and exosomes derived from neoplastic cells and have the potential to increase the sensitivity/specificity of these biomarkers. The number of studies using duodenal fluid with or without secretin stimulation for DNA/protein marker tests have been increasing because of the less-invasiveness in comparison to pancreatic juice collection by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) and endoscopic ultrasound-guided fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA). Genomic analyses have been very well-studied, and based on PDAC progression model, mutations detected in pancreatic juice/duodenal fluid seem to indicate the presence of microscopic precursors and high-grade dysplasia/invasive cancer. In addition to known proteins overexpressed both in precursors and PDACs, such as CEA and S100P, comprehensive proteomic analysis of pancreatic juice from patients with PDAC identified many proteins which were not previously described. A novel technique to isolate exosomes from pancreatic juice was recently invented and identification of exosomal microRNA’s 21 and 155 could be biomarkers for diagnosis of PDAC. Since many studies have explored biomarkers in fluid samples containing pancreatic juice and reported excellent diagnostic accuracy, we need to discuss how these biomarker assays can be validated and utilized in the strategy of early detection of PDAC.

scholarly journals Circulating Tumor Cells in Pancreatic Cancer: Current Perspectives

Cancers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1659 ◽  
Author(s):  
Verena Martini ◽  
Sylvia Timme-Bronsert ◽  
Stefan Fichtner-Feigl ◽  
Jens Hoeppner ◽  
Birte Kulemann
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Tumor Cells ◽  
Circulating Tumor Cells ◽  
Prognostic Markers ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Detection Methods ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Detection Tool ◽  
The Usa ◽  
New Biomarkers

Pancreatic cancer is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related death in the USA and Europe; early symptoms and screenings are lacking, and it is usually diagnosed late with a poor prognosis. Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) have been promising new biomarkers in solid tumors. In the last twenty years (1999–2019), 140 articles have contained the key words “Circulating tumor cells, pancreatic cancer, prognosis and diagnosis.” Articles were evaluated for the use of CTCs as prognostic markers and their correlation to survival in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC). In the final selected 17 articles, the CTC detection rate varied greatly between different enrichment methodologies and ranged from 11% to 92%; the majority of studies used the antigen-dependent CellSearch© system for CTC detection. Fifteen of the reviewed studies showed a correlation between CTC presence and a worse overall survival. The heterogeneity of CTC-detection methods and the lack of uniform results hinder a comparison of the evaluated studies. However, CTCs can be detected in pancreatic cancer and harbor a hope to serve as an early detection tool. Larger studies are needed to corroborate CTCs as valid biomarkers in pancreatic cancer.

scholarly journals The Present Status of Immuno-Oncolytic Viruses in the Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer

Viruses ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1318
Author(s):  
Scott D. Haller ◽  
Michael L. Monaco ◽  
Karim Essani
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Surgical Resection ◽  
Clinical Investigation ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Late Phase ◽  
The United States ◽  
Oncolytic Viruses ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Treatment Regimens

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is the fifth leading cause of cancer-related death in Western countries. The incidence of PDAC has increased over the last 40 years and is projected to be the second leading cause of cancer death by 2030. Despite aggressive treatment regimens, prognosis for patients diagnosed with PDAC is very poor; PDAC has the lowest 5-year survival rate for any form of cancer in the United States (US). PDAC is very rarely detected in early stages when surgical resection can be performed. Only 20% of cases are suitable for surgical resection; this remains the only curative treatment when combined with adjuvant chemotherapy. Treatment regimens excluding surgical intervention such as chemotherapeutic treatments are associated with adverse effects and genetherapy strategies also struggle with lack of specificity and/or efficacy. The lack of effective treatments for this disease highlights the necessity for innovation in treatment options for patients diagnosed with early- to late-phase PDAC and immuno-oncolytic viruses (OVs) have been of particular interest since 2006 when the first oncolytic virus was approved as a therapy for nasopharyngeal cancers in China. Interest resurged in 2015 when T-Vec, an oncolytic herpes simplex virus, was approved in the United States for treatment of advanced melanoma. While many vectors have been explored, few show promise as treatment for pancreatic cancer, and fewer still have progressed to clinical trial evaluation. This review outlines recent strategies in the development of OVs targeting treatment of PDAC, current state of preclinical and clinical investigation and application.

scholarly journals Advances in pancreatic cancer biomarkers

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Hasan ◽  
Rojymon Jacob ◽  
Upender Manne ◽  
Ravi Paluri
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Poor Prognosis ◽  
Essential Role ◽  
Predictive Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Ductal Adenocarcinoma ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Review Current ◽  
Early Diagnostic

Biomarkers play an essential role in the management of patients with invasive cancers. Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDC) associated with poor prognosis due to advanced presentation and limited therapeutic options. This is further complicated by absence of validated screening and predictive biomarkers for early diagnosis and precision treatments respectively. There is emerging data on biomarkers in pancreatic cancer in past two decades. So far, the CA 19-9 remains the only approved biomarker for diagnosis and response assessment but limited by low sensitivity and specificity. In this article, we aim to review current and future biomarkers that has potential serve as critical tools for early diagnostic, predictive and prognostic indications in pancreatic cancer.

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