scholarly journals HJEM UDEN BØRN

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Tjørnhøj-Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
National Association ◽  
Men And Women

This article explores how childless men and women in Denmark connect their longings for children and their purchase of a house with notions of home and kinship. It investigates thereby how their stories about hopes and longings for children stage and confi gure relationships between materiality and sociality. I draw primarily upon an ethnographic study of interfi le men and women in Denmark in the late nineties and their encounter with procreative technologies. The fi eldwork was centred on three local groups of the National Association for Involuntary Childless. Taking part in their meetings and social gatherings over a period of two years gave me an opportunity to obtain insights in how infertility affected and challenged their lives and plans, and it opened a window to a multi-faceted understanding of kinship in Denmark. This article thus focuses on the material dimensions of kinship and relatedness from a childless perspective. The childless people are in a particular empirical position because what they think and say about children and family life exists primarily as hopes, longings and future projections. The aspirations for children nevertheless contain things and materiality and they epitomize how physicality, locality, dwelling, things and consumer goods are part and parcel of kinship thinking. Keywords: Kinship, involuntary childlessness, things, house/home.  

scholarly journals SLÆGTSKAB MED DYR

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tine Tjørnhøj-Thomsen
Keyword(s):  
Personal Identity ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Family Members ◽  
Ethnographic Study ◽  
Fertility Treatment ◽  
Animal Kingdom ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Experimental Animals ◽  
Infertile Men ◽  
Starting Point

This article discusses the different forms of connections and relatedness between human beings and animals under the heading: Kinship with animals. It is based on an ethnographic study of involuntary childlessness and procreative technologies in Denmark and takes as its starting point the multiple ways childless people make analogies to the animal kingdom when they reflect on and recount their infertility and childlessness. As an example infertile men and women draw analogies to animal reproduction in order to naturalise and legitimise their wish for children, and they compare themselves to experimental animals in order to express their experiences with fertility treatment. Some also refer to their actual relationships with their pets when they consider, for instance, adoption as a solution to their childlessness. The article demonstrates that the ways childless people “think with” and relate to animals are but particular manifestations of a more general Western inclination to integrate pets in human kinship practices and family life. Kinship with animals, however, has its limitation. While pets can be thought of and treated as children and family members, they cannot reproduce personal identity and they cannot connect people in time and ensure genealogical progression and relatedness.  

Social Norms, Choice, and Work

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christie Hartley
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Social Norms ◽  
Division Of Labor ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Work And Family ◽  
Personal Relationships ◽  
The Political ◽  
Liberal Democracies ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Gendered Division Of Labor

In modern liberal democracies, the gendered division of labor is partially the result of men and women making different choices about work and family life, even if such choices stem from social norms about gender. The choices that women make relative to men’s disadvantage them in various ways: such choices lead them to earn less, enjoy less power and prestige in the labor market, be less able to participate in the political sphere on an equal basis, make them to some degree financially dependent on others, and leave them at a bargaining disadvantage and vulnerable in certain personal relationships. This chapter considers if and when the state should intervene to address women’s disadvantage and inequalities that are the result of gender specialization. It is argued that political liberals can and sometimes must intervene in the gendered division of labor when persons’ interests as free and equal citizens are frustrated.

scholarly journals ‘Ā’isha, Mother of the Faithful: The Prototype of Muslim Women Ulama

2015 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Fatih Harpci
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Muslim Women ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Teaching Knowledge ◽  
Ideal Woman ◽  
Muslim Men

Having a unique intelligence and assertiveness, ‘Ā’isha has been regarded Islam’s ideal woman scholar. She was not only as one of the earliest reporters of the authentic sayings of the Prophet Muḥammad, but also a great source for conveying his private family life. The article seeks to show that ‘Ā’isha’s life in the 7th century Arabia is especially remarkable when examined through the lenses of contemporary times. Her main characteristic was her critical, ever-inquisitive, and curious mind. Through the questions she was able to ask, ‘Ā’isha became a bridge between the time of the Prophet and the contemporary Muslim life. The important role she played in the scholarly efforts of Muslim men and women in learning and teaching knowledge needs to be examined and properly emphasized. Her sound scholarship in Islamic disciplines include but was not necessarily be limited to hadith, tafsīr, fiqh, literature, and poetry. Today Muslim women may take ‘Ā’isha not only as a pious example, but follow her intelligence, curiosity, and reasoning.[Dengan kecerdasan dan kepercayaan diri yang khas, Ā’isha terkenal sebagai seorang ulama perempuan yang ideal. Tidak hanya dikenal sebagai perawi hadis, dia juga merupakan rujukan yang hebat mengenai masalah-masalah pribadi dan keluarga. Artikel ini menunjukkan bahwa kehidupa seorang Ā’isha pada abad ke-7 di Arabia sangatlah luar biasa pada masanya, dengan karakternya yang kritis, penuh rasa ingin tahu, dan bersemangat untuk mempelajari apa saja. Melalui pertanyaan yang dapat diajukan, Ā’isha mampu menjadi jembatan antara Nabi dan kehidupan umat masa itu. Peran penting yang dia mainkan dalam dunia keilmuan serta pembelajaran dan pengajaran sangat perlu diteliti dan digarisbawahi. Pandangan-pandangannya mencakup --tetapi tidak sebatas-- hadis, tafsir, fikih, sastra, dan puisi. Perempuan Islam saat ini tidak hanya dapat mengikuti Ā’isha sebagai teladan kesalihan, tetapi juga mesti mengikuti kecerdasan, keingintahuan, dan penalarannya.]

Gender Inequalities and Risk During the ‘Rush Hour’ of Life

2012 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 277-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dina Bowman ◽  
Eve Bodsworth ◽  
Jens O. Zinn
Keyword(s):  
Social Policy ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Outcome Data ◽  
Gender Inequalities ◽  
Rational Action ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Social Risks ◽  
Policy Frameworks ◽  
Normative Expectations

Increasingly, social policies combine to intensify old risks and create new social risks with unequal consequences for men and women. These risks include those created by changing normative expectations and the resulting tensions between social policy, paid employment and family life. Policy reliance on highly aggregated standardised outcome data and generalised models of autonomous rational action result in policies that lack an understanding of the rationales that structure everyday life. Drawing on two Australian studies, we illustrate the importance of attending to the intersections and collisions of social change and normative policy frameworks from the perspective of individual ‘lived lives’.

scholarly journals Effects of social network diversity in the disablement process: a comparison of causal inference methods and an outcome-wide approach to the Indonesian Family Life Surveys, 2007–2015

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Julia Schröders ◽  
Fatwa Sari Tetra Dewi ◽  
Maria Nilsson ◽  
Mark Nichter ◽  
Miguel San Sebastian
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Social Network ◽  
Health Outcomes ◽  
Health Effects ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Process Model ◽  
Healthy Aging ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Disablement Process ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Background Social networks (SN) have been proven to be instrumental for healthy aging and function as important safety nets, particular for older adults in low and middle-income countries (LMICs). Despite the importance of interpreting health outcomes in terms of SN, in many LMICs – including Indonesia – epidemiological studies and policy responses on the health effects of SN for aging populations are still uncommon. Using outcome-wide multi-method approaches to longitudinal panel data, this study aims to outline more clearly the role of SN diversity in the aging process in Indonesia. We explore whether and to what degree there is an association of SN diversity with adult health outcomes and investigate potential gender differences, heterogeneous treatment effects, and effect gradients along disablement processes. Methods Data came from the fourth and fifth waves of the Indonesian Family Life Survey fielded in 2007–08 and 2014–15. The analytic sample consisted of 3060 adults aged 50+ years. The primary exposure variable was the diversity of respondents’ SN at baseline. This was measured through a social network index (SNI), conjoining information about household size together with a range of social ties with whom respondents had active contact across six different types of role relationships. Guided by the disablement process model, a battery of 19 outcomes (8 pathologies, 5 impairments, 4 functional limitations, 2 disabilities) were included into analyses. Evidence for causal effects of SN diversity on health was evaluated using outcome-wide multivariable regression adjustment (RA), propensity score matching (PSM), and instrumental variable (IV) analyses. Results At baseline, 60% of respondents had a low SNI. Results from the RA and PSM models showed greatest concordance and that among women a diverse SN was positively associated with pulmonary outcomes and upper and lower body functions. Both men and women with a high SNI reported less limitations in performing activities of daily living (ADL) and instrumental ADL (IADL) tasks. A high SNI was negatively associated with C-reactive protein levels in women. The IV analyses yielded positive associations with cognitive functions for both men and women. Conclusions Diverse SN confer a wide range of strong and heterogeneous long-term health effects, particularly for older women. In settings with limited formal welfare protection, intervening in the SN of older adults and safeguarding their access to diverse networks can be an investment in population health, with manifold implications for health and public policy.

A Woman's Place … Employment and Family Life for Men and Women

2012 ◽  
pp. 160-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosemary Crompton ◽  
Michaela Brockmann ◽  
Richard D. Wiggins
Keyword(s):  
Family Life ◽  
Men And Women

The Effects of Attitudes Toward Family Life and Gender Roles on Marital Satisfaction

1993 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-188 ◽  
Author(s):  
DIANE N. LYE ◽  
TIMOTHY J. BIBLARZ
Keyword(s):  
Marital Satisfaction ◽  
Gender Roles ◽  
Gender Role ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Family Attitudes ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Using Data ◽  
The Relationship

This study examines the relationship between the gender role and family attitudes of husbands and wives and five indicators of marital satisfaction. The authors argue that men and women who espouse nontraditional attitudes are likely to be less satisfied than their more traditional counterparts. An empirical analysis is presented using data from husbands and wives interviewed in the 1987-88 National Survey of Families and Households. Husbands and wives who hold nontraditional attitudes toward family life are less satisfied with their marriages, as are men and women whose attitudes diverge from their spouse's attitudes. The effects of attitudes did not vary according to the actual gender roles observed by the couple.

scholarly journals Organizational Work–Life Policies and the Gender Wage Gap in European Workplaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tanja Van der Lippe ◽  
Leonie Van Breeschoten ◽  
Margriet Van Hek
Keyword(s):  
Gender Inequality ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Gender Wage Gap ◽  
Parental Leave ◽  
Wage Gap ◽  
Work Life ◽  
Multilevel Analyses ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Dependent Care ◽  
Organizational Work

Many organizations in Europe offer work–life policies to enable men and women to combine work with family life. The authors argue that the availability of organizational work–life policies can also reduce gender inequality in wages. The authors test their expectations using the European Sustainable Workforce Survey, with data from 259 organizations and their employees in 9 European countries. Multilevel analyses show that organizations that offer work–life policies have a smaller gender wage gap. Their findings also suggest that both the type and number of policies matter. Contrary to their expectations, dependent care policies, such as parental leave and childcare support, are less important for the gender wage gap than flexibility policies. Controlling for organizational culture regarding family supportiveness does not alter the results.

scholarly journals To Love, Honour and Obey

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 128-140
Author(s):  
Kathryn Harvey
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Working Class ◽  
Lived Experience ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Historical Record ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Wife Battering

This paper aims to reconstruct some of the causes and the context of wife-battering in Montreal between the years 1869-1879. It seeks to determine what the immediate causes were as well as the underlying factors that shaped these conflicts. It also describes how the individuals involved responded, what the role of neighbours was and how this problem was viewed by the society at large. At a broader level, this research seeks to insert one largely ignored aspect of women's lived experience into the historical record while furthering our knowledge of relationships between men and women and working-class family life in general in the mid nineteenth century.

Convincing the toilers?

2006 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 349-368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Brigid van Wanrooy ◽  
Shaun Wilson
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Family Life ◽  
Working Hours ◽  
Social Attitudes ◽  
Working Time ◽  
Long Working Hours ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Time Regime ◽  
Part Time ◽  
Per Capita

Australians work comparatively long hours and, in recent years, most of the growth in per capita working hours has come from workers already employed full time.Yet, despite the problems long working hours can cause, this trend has not attracted political attention. Increasingly, the Australian working time regime is a weak regulator of working hours and promotes only limited equality between the working hours of men and women. This article uses responses from the Australian Survey of Social Attitudes 2003 to investigate whether workers' preferences are in accord with regime institutions. We find that people who work long hours are no less inclined than those who work standard hours or part time to see working hours as a choice and they do this despite more often reporting that their work interferes with family life and that employers expect long hours from them. We contend that seeing long working hours as a choice may be the product of the ‘liberal’ working time regime itself. Multivariate analysis of the responses suggest that structural pressures work to strengthen perceptions that there is a problem with long working hours and prompt the belief that long hours are not freely chosen. Implications of these findings tell us something about possible future regulation.

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