Hyperhidrosis: clinical classification and treatment options

Intervertebral disc disease (IVDD) is a common disorder, and most frequently affects the spinal cord at thoracolumbar region. Multiple factors are involved in the pathogenesis of the disease, and it has different characteristics in chondrodystrophic and non-chondrodystrophic breeds. Biochemical and molecular changes observed in the degenerate disc are similar independent of the affected breed. Advanced image techniques demonstrate degenerative characteristics different than those reported by Hansen in the 1960s. Based on and in light of these new findings, new treatments for IVDD have been roosed to optimize the recovery of affected dogs. We reviewed the literature related to thoracolumbar intervertebral disc disease in dogs with emphasis on pathogenesis, classification and treatment options.

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Systemic Vasculitis

The Brigham Intensive Review of Internal Medicine ◽

10.1093/med/9780199358274.003.0026 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 271-276

Author(s):

Paul F. Dellaripa

Keyword(s):

Treatment Guidelines ◽

Systemic Vasculitis ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Vascular Occlusion ◽

Immune Dysregulation ◽

Tissue Necrosis ◽

Pathogenic Mechanisms ◽

Immune Mechanisms ◽

Future Treatment ◽

Classification And Treatment

The vasculitides are a group of disorders that are characterized by the presence of inflammation in vessel walls, which leads to vascular occlusion and tissue necrosis. Systemic vasculitic syndromes can present clinically in protean fashion and may be due to a variety of mechanisms involving immune dysregulation that leads to endovascular inflammation. However, these immune mechanisms are still not well understood, and thus, one must rely on clinical, descriptive parameters for classification and treatment. This chapter focuses on well-recognized patterns of presentation, treatment guidelines, and emerging insights on pathogenic mechanisms and implications for future treatment options.

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Fifth metatarsal fractures: an update on management, complications, and outcomes

EFORT Open Reviews ◽

10.1530/eor-21-0025 ◽

2022 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 13-25

Author(s):

George D Chloros ◽

Christos D Kakos ◽

Ioannis K Tastsidis ◽

Vasileios P Giannoudis ◽

Michalis Panteli ◽

...

Keyword(s):

High Performance ◽

Soft Tissues ◽

Treatment Options ◽

List Type ◽

Hardware Failure ◽

Non Union ◽

Single Screw ◽

Anatomic Reduction ◽

Metatarsal Fractures ◽

Classification And Treatment

Even though fifth metatarsal fractures represent one of the most common injuries of the lower limb, there is no consensus regarding their classification and treatment, while the term ‘Jones’ fracture has been used inconsistently in the literature. In the vast majority of patients, Zone 1 fractures are treated non-operatively with good outcomes. Treatment of Zone 2 and 3 fractures remains controversial and should be individualized according to the patient’s needs and the ‘personality’ of the fracture. If treated operatively, anatomic reduction and intramedullary fixation with a single screw, with or without biologic augmentation, remains the ‘gold standard’ of management; recent reports however report good outcomes with open reduction and internal fixation with specifically designed plating systems. Common surgical complications include hardware failure or irritation of the soft tissues, refracture, non-union, sural nerve injury, and chronic pain. Patients should be informed of the different treatment options and be part of the decision process, especially where time for recovery and returning to previous activities is of essence, such as in the case of high-performance, elite athletes.

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Evaluation, Diagnosis, and Classification of Pulmonary Hypertension

Methodist DeBakey Cardiovascular Journal ◽

10.14797/ocdf4453 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 86-91

Author(s):

Sarah Beshay ◽

Ashrith Guha ◽

Sandeep Sahay

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Hypertension ◽

Treatment Options ◽

High Morbidity ◽

Clinical Classification ◽

Careful Evaluation ◽

The Past ◽

Diagnosis And Classification ◽

Expert Center ◽

Pulmonary Arterial

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) is a rare heterogenous disease characterized by elevated blood pressure in the lungs. Patients with PH require careful evaluation and management at an expert center. Understanding of the mechanisms underlying the development of PH has increased over the past two decades, and several treatment options for pulmonary arterial hypertension have emerged. Despite this progress, PH continues to carry high morbidity and mortality. The 6th World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension that occurred in late 2018 modified the clinical classification of PH into five groups. In this review, we focus on the evaluation and diagnosis of PH and discuss the updated clinical classification.

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Recent Advances and Developments in Knee Surgery: Principles of Periprosthetic Knee Fracture Management

The Open Orthopaedics Journal ◽

10.2174/1874325001206010301 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 6 (1) ◽

pp. 301-304 ◽

Cited By ~ 6

Author(s):

Mukai Chimutengwende-Gordon ◽

Wasim Khan ◽

David Johnstone

Keyword(s):

Risk Factors ◽

Treatment Options ◽

Revision Arthroplasty ◽

Review Article ◽

Total Knee Arthroplasties ◽

Fracture Management ◽

Wide Range ◽

Total Knee ◽

Patellar Fractures ◽

Classification And Treatment

The management of distal femoral, tibial and patellar fractures after total knee arthroplasty can be complex. The incidence of these fractures is increasing as the number of total knee arthroplasties being performed and patient longevity is increasing. There is a wide range of treatment options including revision arthroplasty for loose implants. This review article discusses the epidemiology, risk factors, classification and treatment of these fractures.

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