scholarly journals Gender, Race and Class Dimensions of Nonstandard Work

2005 ◽  
Vol 55 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isik Urla Zeytinoglu ◽  
Jacinta Khasiala Muteshi
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Racial Minority ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Nonstandard Work ◽  
Labour Policy

This review article critically analyzes and synthesizes the academic literature on nonstandard work and its gender, race and class dimensions. We argue that it is important and crucial to understand these dimensions of nonstandard work in order to develop appropriate labour policies. We present our discussion in a conceptual framework of duality within which nonstandard workforms are located. We discuss the role the unions could play in achieving equity in labour markets and conclude the paper with recommended labour policy changes to respond to the needs of women, particularly those racial minority and low economic class women employed in nonstandard jobs.

scholarly journals Young people's transitions in London and temporal orientations of agency

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaori Kitagawa ◽  
Mabel Encinas
Keyword(s):  
Young People ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Further Education ◽  
Target Group ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Work Transitions ◽  
Modern Britain ◽  
The Future ◽  
Vocational Courses ◽  
Further Education Colleges

This article presents findings from the Changing Youth Labour Markets and Schools to Work Transitions in Modern Britain projects undertaken between 2009 and 2010. The projects examined young people's experiences and perceptions about study, work, and the future while going through transitions. The target group was young people on vocational courses at further education colleges in London aged between 18 and 24. This group is an under-researched cohort, who is neither NEET nor following 'tidy' pathways. We apply the conceptual framework of temporal orientations of agency, originally proposed by Emirbayer and Mische (1998). We discuss the interplay between young people's agency and the contexts in which they live.

scholarly journals Socio-Spatial Research on Logistics and Its Impact on Urban Environment: A Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-69
Author(s):  
José A. López-Sánchez ◽  
Beltrán Roca
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Space ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Transport Activity ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Research Questions

This review article attempts to respond to the following research questions: how has evolved socio-spatial analysis on logistics, which are the most studied types of this economic activity, and the major impacts of logistics on urban space. This article draws on a systemized bibliometric analysis to identify the main tendencies in logistics' spatial study. It identifies four clusters of literature that put interest on different subtopics and approaches. The review reveals the current hegemony of applied research that focuses on sustainability, streamlining, and technology, mainly from the USA and China, despite research on globalization and industry. In fact, concerning the urban space, the most vivid academic discussion revolves around the location of warehousing and transport activity within cities. Finally, the article highlights the lack of critical perspectives on logistics and socio-spatial conflicts generated by logistics extension in mainstream academic literature. The analysis concludes that socio-spatial disputes related to logistics remain understudied and, consequently, further research should be conducted on this field.

scholarly journals Structural Capability of an Organization toward Innovation Capability

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 86
Author(s):  
Susanne Balslev Nielsen ◽  
Mostafa Momeni
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Delphi Method ◽  
Structural Aspect ◽  
Organizational Capabilities ◽  
Innovation Capability ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Internal Capabilities ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Better Than

<p>The scholars in the field of strategic management have developed two major approaches for attainment of competitive advantage: an approach based on environmental opportunities, and another one based on internal capabilities of an organization. Some investigations in the last two decades have indicated that the advantages relying on the internal capabilities of organizations may determine the competitive position of organizations better than environmental opportunities do. Characteristics of firms shows that one of the most internal capabilities that lead the organizations to the strongest competitive advantage in the organizations is the innovation capability. The innovation capability is associated with other organizational capabilities, and many organizations have focused on the need to identify innovation capabilities. </p><p>This research focuses on recognition of the structural aspect of innovation capability and proposes a conceptual framework based on a Qualitative Meta Synthesis of academic literature on organizations innovation capability. This is proposed for the development of the concept of innovation capability in the organizations and this paper includes an expert based validation in three rounds of the Delphi method. And for the purpose of a better appreciation of the relationship dominating the factors of the conceptual framework, it has distributed the questionnaire in Iranian companies of the Food industry. At last, this research proposed a direct relationship between Innovation Capability and Structural Capability. Also, it offers the most important components and indices which directly influence and are related to the structural capability of innovation capability.</p>

scholarly journals The Parent and Grandparent Sponsorship Program Reforms- The Consequence of a Neoliberal Shift

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Devon Franklin
Keyword(s):  
Immigration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Point System ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Economic Class ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Neoliberal Ideology ◽  
Incomplete Picture ◽  
Family Class

Since the formal enshrinement of Canada’s immigration objectives in the Immigration Act of 1976, Citizenship and Immigration Canada has been tasked with the responsibility of balancing the demands of the labour market and reuniting immigrant families. Policy changes in the 1990s suggest that neoliberal ideology, which promotes market economy principles, has become increasingly influential in the shaping of Canadian social policies and practices, and has had significant implications for immigration policy and admission trends (Arat-Koc, 1999). The prominence of neoliberal logic in immigration policy has resulted in the framing of immigrant value in terms of economic contributions. As a result, Family Class admissions have been the target of criticism, particularly sponsored parents and grandparents, who are absolved of meeting the point system criteria and are therefore perceived as having little ability to contribute to the economy (McLaren & Black, 2005). This paper explores the extent to which recent reforms to the parent and grandparent sponsorship program are a reflection of, and maintain, the prevailing neoliberal discourse that subordinates Family Class immigrants, especially parents and grandparents, conceiving of them as burdens to the state as opposed to contributing Economic Class entrants. This economic framework provides an incomplete picture of the contributions that sponsored parents and grandparents make to Canada. Furthermore, the insufficiency of empirical data supporting the claim that parents and grandparents are a potential burden on the state suggests that the recent reforms are an explicit expression of fear rather than fact (VanderPlaat, Ramos & Yoshida, 2011). This paper concludes with future research suggestions that lend themselves to redefining “contribution” to incorporate social, cultural, and indirect economic contributions, to provide a more nuanced conception of the value of sponsored parents and grandparents.

Colonial legacies and racial hierarchies in the global economy: a review article

Race & Class ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 103-108
Author(s):  
Ingrid Harvold Kvangraven
Keyword(s):  
Social Stratification ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Race And Class ◽  
Stratification Economics ◽  
Colonial Legacies ◽  
Racial Hierarchies

This article reviews two recent books on persistent inequalities in the global economy and the role of colonial legacies and racial hierarchies in explaining them. Adom Getachew’s Worldmaking after Empire (2019) and Franklin Obeng-Odoom’s Property, Institutions, and Social Stratification in Africa (2020) draw on the Black Radical Tradition and stratification economics respectively to challenge mainstream understandings of racial hierarchies. After first outlining the strengths and key insights of each book, the author discusses how they could be expanded in a more radical manner, along the lines of anti-colonial, decolonial and black Marxism. She argues that in order to understand how racial hierarchies are connected to the development of capitalism, further engagement with radical scholarship that sees race and class as co-constituted would be required.

scholarly journals People, Means, and Activities: A Conceptual Framework for Realizing the Educational Potential of Makerspaces

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Avneet Hira ◽  
Morgan M. Hynes
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
The United States ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Prior Work ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Maker Culture ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Educational Potential

Makerspaces are environments where individuals use technologies to make physical artifacts within a community of fellow Makers. There has been growing interest in the educational potential of Making activities which has resulted in many schools procuring tools and technologies to set up their Makerspaces. However, there is scant research investigating the efficacy of Making these newly emerging Makerspaces intended for learning. In our work, we narrow this gap in knowledge between the claimed educational potential of Making and its attainment. By synthesizing prior work and publically available data on Makerspaces, we introduce a framework to situate the educational considerations for Makerspaces and recommend directions for future research on educational Makerspaces. Being cognizant of the Maker culture having emerged outside of the academic literature, we synthesize publically available data from 53 untraditional but relevant sources. These sources include definitions of Making forwarded by 3 well-established Maker initiatives (Makerspace, Hackerspace, and Fab Lab), 18 relevant sites of Making activities across the United States, 17 sites from other countries (namely, China, India, Morocco, and Spain), and 15 Maker initiatives at schools in the United States. After proposing and detailing the framework, we recommend directions for future research to attain the potential of educational Making.

An analysis of Muslims’ luxury market in Iran

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 198-209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bahar Teimourpour ◽  
Kambiz Heidarzadeh Hanzaee
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Review Article ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Muslim Country ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Challenges And Opportunities ◽  
Luxury Products ◽  
Luxury Market

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to analyze the challenges and opportunities of the luxury market in Iran as an Islamic country. The focus is on religion as a factor that can make some challenges for luxury products, and then to find opportunities or similarities in Muslim markets due to the luxury consumption. Design/methodology/approach – As it is a literature review article, the authors used past research works and compared different perspectives that exist about the topic. Findings – It was concluded that although implementing a market-oriented culture is central to the marketers’ success, it is not right to just focus on religion as a separating factor that can isolate the Muslim’s market. It was suggested to change one's viewpoint and analyze the market with a broader vision that can bring innovative ideas and also find similarities and differentiations between Islamic luxury markets with non-Islamic luxury markets. Originality/value – Muslim consumers have a huge purchasing power in countries such as Egypt, Iran, India, Malaysia, Morocco, Turkey, Saudi Arabia and South Africa. However, there is limited academic literature addressing luxury products in the context of these markets. Luxury purchase motivation is predominantly based on Western thoughts and markets. As Iran as a Muslim country can be an appropriate target market of luxury goods, analyzing the challenges and opportunities can be a useful guide to be successful in this market.

Higher educational institutes as learning organizations for employer branding

2015 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 265-276 ◽  
Author(s):  
USHA LENKA ◽  
SANIYA CHAWLA
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
Learning Organization ◽  
Learning Organizations ◽  
Learning Culture ◽  
Continuous Learning ◽  
Total Quality ◽  
Open Communication ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Academic Literature

Purpose – Contemporary organizations emphasize upon continuous learning to be able to face the environmental dynamism and further build a learning organization. The purpose of this paper is to reflect the conceptual framework of learning organization, integrating variables at individual, team, and organizational levels. Design/methodology/approach – The framework has been devised through the review of literature from 1950s to 2014 using the databases of EBSCO, Emerald, Proquest, Science Direct, and Scopus to ensure the reliability. Findings – The variables are resonant leadership style, knowledge management, intrapreneurship, total quality management (TQM), and supportive learning culture. Resonant leaders are emotionally intelligent leaders who evoke positive emotions among their subordinates through setting an example, ensuring mindfulness, hope, and compassion. Knowledge management is basically creating, transferring, maintaining, and organizing knowledge in organizational repositories. Intrapreneurship is the initiative and risk taken by the employees. TQM is a management practice that promotes total involvement, continuous improvement, and reflexive decisions taken by team members. Supportive learning culture pushes individuals toward a common goal, which is further facilitated, by open communication, affective and cognitive trust, and organic structure. These factors pose as enablers to foster continuous learning among employees. A learning organization, therefore, can establish a strong employer brand by enhancing employees’ emotional attachment and further aides’ attraction and retention of talent. Originality/value – So far, all these important variables have been ignored in the academic literature especially in the context of educational institutes as learning organizations. Also, there is a void in academic literature with respect to integrated model of learning organization. In this way, the paper tries to fill the gap by developing a conceptual framework of learning organization, followed by discussion and managerial implications.

Immigrant effects and international business activity: an overview

2011 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter Enderwick ◽  
Rosalie L. Tung ◽  
Henry F.L. Chung
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Framework ◽  
International Business ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Labour Markets ◽  
Business Activity ◽  
Content Type ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Intellectual Knowledge ◽  
Contemporary Context

PurposeThis paper aims to examine the myriad linkages between cross‐border migration and international business activity through a conceptual framework of international arbitrage.Design/methodology/approachWhile labour is internationally the least integrated of the various markets (capital, product, labour) the increasing co‐movement of both tasks and workers has created opportunities for the arbitrage and exploitation of differences between national labour markets. Because national labour markets typically display the two characteristics of separation and price discrepancy it is possible to utilise the principle of arbitrage and within this framework examine cost, intellectual, knowledge and employment arbitrage.FindingsThe discussion suggests that international business offers valuable insights into migration processes and effects which have been dominated by the research approaches of other disciplines. It is found that migrants can help reduce transaction costs for bilateral trade, contribute to nostalgic trade, encourage outsourcing and foreign direct investment through referrals and performance signalling, assist country of origin development through remittances and return migration and provide valuable knowledge to their employers in the country of residence.Research limitations/implicationsThe paper is a conceptual one which offers no new empirical results but does provide a context for the interpretation of the more specialised studies that appear in this special issue. There is a need for research on this topic to be firmly grounded in the contemporary context of an increasingly integrated global economy. It also suggests a number of specific areas where further work would be useful.Originality/valueThe key contribution of the paper is in developing a comprehensive conceptual framework – that of labour market arbitrage – which enables a clearer understanding of the complex impacts of international migration on international business activity. It also distinguishes between direct and indirect effects.

scholarly journals Are changes in Australian national primary healthcare policy likely to promote or impede equity of access? A narrative review

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 209 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Fisher ◽  
Fran Baum ◽  
Adrian Kay ◽  
Sharon Friel
Keyword(s):  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Private Health Insurance ◽  
Grey Literature ◽  
Current Policy ◽  
Coordinated Care ◽  
Equitable Access ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Equity Of Access ◽  
Torres Strait Islander Health

Significant changes have occurred in Australia’s national primary healthcare (PHC) policy over the last decade, but little assessment has been made of implications for equity. This research aimed to identify key recent changes in national PHC policy and assess implications for equity of access to PHC. Academic literature was reviewed to identify issues affecting equity of access in national PHC policy, and grey literature was also reviewed to identify significant policy changes during 2005–16 with implications for equitable access. Equity implications of four areas of policy change, set against the existing Medicare system, were assessed. It was found that Medicare supports equitable access to general practice, but there is a risk of reduced equity under current policy settings. Four changes in PHC policy were selected as having particular implications for equity of access and these were assessed as follows: increased involvement of private health insurance presents risks for equity; equity implications of new models of coordinated care are unclear; and regional primary health organisations and current policy on Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander health have potential equity benefits, but these will depend on further implementation.

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