Historical Perspectives

2019 ◽  
pp. 70-114
Author(s):  
Anne Fuchs
Keyword(s):  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Historical Perspectives ◽  
Modern Subject ◽  
The One ◽  
A Site ◽  
And Coping ◽  
The City ◽  
Modern Technologies

This chapter discusses the emergence of modern speed politics. Cinema, the most innovative medium of the early twentieth century, created a captivating visual imaginary for the energizing yet frightening experience of modern speed politics. Two of the most iconic films of the Weimar period—Walter Ruttmann's Berlin: Symphony of a Great City and Fritz Lang's Metropolis—explored the city as a site of a contradictory modernity. On the one hand, these films celebrate modern technologies, the pleasure of speed, and the visual stimuli unleashed by a world that is constantly in motion; on the other hand, however, they bring into view the uncontrollable effects of a runaway world in which machines begin to transform human behavior. Released in 1927, both films created a striking visual aesthetic of urban modernity that exploited the technical opportunities of film to new effect. Meanwhile, from the 1870s, psychologists, philosophers, writers, and artists addressed the urgent question as to whether and how the modern subject would cope with the rate of change and the experience of social and technological acceleration. Attention, distraction, lateness, and slowness emerged as central tropes in a far-ranging discourse that foregrounded the precariousness of modern subjectivity, while also exploring modern reactions and coping mechanisms.

scholarly journals A Study of Islamic and Arab Markets' Role in Revitalizing Urban Spaces

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
pp. 193
Author(s):  
Mohamed Yasser Lotfy ◽  
Abdullah Soliman ◽  
Alaa Mandour
Keyword(s):  
City Planning ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Urban Spaces ◽  
Modern City ◽  
The Us ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Times ◽  
The One ◽  
A Site ◽  
The City

<p>Market places have occupied a major role in most cities around the world, being a site for more than just economic interactions, but rather a cultivating agent for social and cultural growth. The Arab and Islamic cities have a proud history of market places, most of the times being the main core of the city, with urban development encompassing it, and till the present day market places are in the heart of most communities. The <em>modern city </em>brought with it a devaluing of the traditional market places, making it a tourist attraction as in the case of <em>"khan el Khalil",</em>or leaving it to rust like <em>"bab el louq" </em>market. Those markets while playing a big role historically, <em>modern city planning </em>moved the services and markets into other form, thus becoming less important, abandoned, or even demolished at cases.</p><p>The issue at hand deals with how the contemporary urban planning affected market places, with emphasis on <em>closed markets</em> (Bab el-louk)which can be said to be the successor of the ancient <em>Bazaar </em>or <em>Wekala</em>.  Bal el-Louk market was once in the heart of Cairo and vital part of its community life, but now the market after more than a 100 years, is in ruins, but hope is not yet all lost, since the market can still be revived and revitalized.</p><p>To tackle this issue a combination of <em>comparative and field studies </em>must occur. On the one hand, comparative studies with <em>markets </em>in the US or closed markets in European cities such as Paris or Copenhagen would be done to find the necessary elements and goals that would make those markets vital, and the necessary steps to revitalize our own forgotten markets. The other study would have to deal with the current condition of bab el louk market in Cairo, finding out the reason behind its demise, the owners and users feedback on said market, and the opportunities for change.</p><p>With the results of the studies, general recommendations would be made for the <em>revitalization </em>of the Egyptian marketplaces, using an urban framework that would lead to those markets be available for costumers again and back to playing their major cultural and social rule.</p>

Superlattice formation of the type AB in an adsorbed layer

1939 ◽  
Vol 35 (1) ◽  
pp. 70-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. S. Chang
Keyword(s):  
Free Energy ◽  
Interaction Potential ◽  
Adsorbed Layer ◽  
Rate Of Change ◽  
Nearest Neighbours ◽  
Adsorbed Atoms ◽  
The One ◽  
Type Ab ◽  
A Site ◽  
Detailed Balancing

The possibility, pointed out in a previous paper, of superlattice formation in an adsorbed layer when the adsorbed atoms tend to repulse each other is developed in detail. Both Bragg and Williams's approximation and Bethe's approximation are used, but restricted to superlattices of the type AB. In a range of θ, the fraction of surface covered, a superlattice is found to be possible. Bragg and Williams's approximation shows further that the state with the lowest free energy is the one with a superlattice when the latter is possible. Rough kinetic expressions are also given. The equations derived from the principle necessary to preserve equilibrium are found to reduce to those of detailed balancing, and they also agree with the formula obtained statistically. As expected, all the corresponding results obtained from the two methods become the same when the number of nearest neighbours of a site approaches infinity, provided that the product of this number and the interaction potential of two adsorbed atoms occupying two neighbouring sites remains finite.The only significant result is the large value of the slope of isotherms (the rate of change of the pressure with respect to the fraction of adsorption) when there is a nearly complete superlattice.

Eco-Socialism and Green City Making in Postwar Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Schwenkel
Keyword(s):  
Urban Space ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Ecological Design ◽  
Urban Modernity ◽  
Technology Transfers ◽  
East German ◽  
Postwar Vietnam ◽  
The One ◽  
The City

This chapter examines shifts in the meaning and use of green space in socialist housing blocks in Vinh City, Vietnam, a ‘model’ socialist city rebuilt by East Germany (GDR) after its destruction by US aerial bombing. Unique to the eight-year project was the central role that ecological design played in urban reconstruction owing to financial and material constraints on the one hand, and ideological imperatives on the other. Green technology transfers served to radically transform the landscape with parks and cultivated green spaces that catered to the needs of workers and their families. These ‘eco-socialist’ practices, as I refer to them, constituted a fundamental effort on the part of GDR planners to rationally manage and order urban space that was deemed disorderly and too rural for the city. Yet utopian visions of urban modernity often came up short as they revealed more about East German lifestyles than about the pragmatic possibilities for recovery in postwar Vietnam. Ensuing struggles over the appropriate use of urban nature emerged at the center of the modernizing project and the creation of new socialist persons in Vietnam. 

Attention Strategies and Coping Mechanisms in Women With Fibromyalgia

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Selen Razon ◽  
Tonya Rasor ◽  
Emily Simonavice ◽  
Brittany Loney ◽  
Arsal Guler ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coping Mechanisms ◽  
And Coping

Misreading Egypt

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jesse Schotter
Keyword(s):  
New Media ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Experimental Film ◽  
Tower Of Babel ◽  
Avant Garde ◽  
Sergei Eisenstein ◽  
History Of ◽  
The One ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Modern Technologies

The first chapter of Hieroglyphic Modernisms exposes the complex history of Western misconceptions of Egyptian writing from antiquity to the present. Hieroglyphs bridge the gap between modern technologies and the ancient past, looking forward to the rise of new media and backward to the dispersal of languages in the mythical moment of the Tower of Babel. The contradictory ways in which hieroglyphs were interpreted in the West come to shape the differing ways that modernist writers and filmmakers understood the relationship between writing, film, and other new media. On the one hand, poets like Ezra Pound and film theorists like Vachel Lindsay and Sergei Eisenstein use the visual languages of China and of Egypt as a more primal or direct alternative to written words. But Freud, Proust, and the later Eisenstein conversely emphasize the phonetic qualities of Egyptian writing, its similarity to alphabetical scripts. The chapter concludes by arguing that even avant-garde invocations of hieroglyphics depend on narrative form through an examination of Hollis Frampton’s experimental film Zorns Lemma.

Evaluation of Road Utilisation as Space For Holding Social Ceremonies in Indigenous Residential Area of Ogbomoso, Nigeria

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (March 2018) ◽  
Author(s):  
S.A Okanlawon ◽  
O.O Odunjo ◽  
S.A Olaniyan
Keyword(s):  
Transport Infrastructure ◽  
Noisy Environment ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
The Core ◽  
Local Roads ◽  
Strict Enforcement ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The One ◽  
The City ◽  
The Town

This study examined Residents’ evaluation of turning transport infrastructure (road) to spaces for holding social ceremonies in the indigenous residential zone of Ogbomoso, Oyo State, Nigeria. Upon stratifying the city into the three identifiable zones, the core, otherwise known as the indigenous residential zone was isolated for study. Of the twenty (20) political wards in the two local government areas of the town, fifteen (15) wards that were located in the indigenous zone constituted the study area. Respondents were selected along one out of every three (33.3%) of the Trunk — C (local) roads being the one mostly used for the purpose in the study area. The respondents were the residents, commercial motorists, commercial motorcyclists, and celebrants. Six hundred and forty-two (642) copies of questionnaire were administered and harvested on the spot. The Mean Analysis generated from the respondents’ rating of twelve perceived hazards listed in the questionnaire were then used to determine respondents’ most highly rated perceived consequences of the practice. These were noisy environment, Blockage of drainage by waste, and Endangering the life of the sick on the way to hospital; the most highly rated reasons why the practice came into being; and level of acceptability of the practice which was found to be very unacceptable in the study area. Policy makers should therefore focus their attention on strict enforcement of the law prohibiting the practice in order to ensure more cordial relationship among the citizenry, seeing citizens’ unacceptability of the practice in the study area.

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