scholarly journals Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and child’s cognitive performance at 6–8 years of age in rural Burkina Faso: an observational study

PeerJ ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. e3507 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anselme Simeon Sanou ◽  
Abdoulaye Hama Diallo ◽  
Penny Holding ◽  
Victoria Nankabirwa ◽  
Ingunn Marie S. Engebretsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Problem Solving ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Burkina Faso ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Maternal Alcohol ◽  
Maternal Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
Effect Size Difference

Background In Burkina Faso, it is not uncommon for mothers to drink alcohol, even during pregnancy. We aimed to study the association between maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy and the child’s cognitive performance using the Kaufman Assessment Battery for Children, 2nd edition (KABC-II) and the Children’s Category Test Level 1 (CCT-1) in rural Burkina Faso. Methods We conducted a follow-up study of a community cluster-randomised Exclusive breastfeeding trial, and re-enrolled the children in rural Burkina Faso. A total of 518 children (268 boys and 250 girls) aged 6–8 years were assessed using the KABC-II and the CCT-1. We examined the effect size difference using Cohen’s d and conducted a linear regression analysis to examine the association. Results Self-reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy was 18.5% (96/518). Children whose mothers reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy performed significantly poorly for memory and spatial abilities tests from small effect size difference for ‘Atlantis’ (0.27) and ‘Triangle’ (0.29) to moderate effect size difference for ‘Number recall’ (0.72) compared to children whose mothers did not consume alcohol during pregnancy; the exposed children scored significantly higher errors with a small effect size (0.37) at problem solving (CCT-1) test compared to unexposed children. At unstandardized and standardized multivariable analysis, children whose mothers reported alcohol consumption during pregnancy performed significantly poorer for memory-‘Atlantis’ (p = 0.03) and ‘Number recall’ (p = 0.0001), and spatial ability tests-‘Triangle’ (p = 0.03); they scored significantly higher errors at problem solving CCT-1 test (p = 0.002); all the results were adjusted for age, sex, schooling, stunting, father’s education, mother’s employment and the promotion of exclusive breastfeeding. No statistical association was found for visual abilities-‘Conceptual Thinking’, ‘Face recognition’, ‘Story completion’, and reasoning tests-‘Rover’, ‘Block counting’, and ‘Pattern Reasoning’. Conclusion Maternal alcohol consumption during pregnancy is associated with poorer cognitive performance for memory, spatial ability, and problem solving tests in the offspring in rural Burkina Faso. Futures studies needs to assess in more detail the maternal alcohol consumption patterns in Burkina Faso and possible preventive strategies.

Nonverbal Intellectual Assessment of Hispanic and Speech-Impaired Adolescents

1997 ◽  
Vol 80 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1115-1122 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Flemmer ◽  
Gale H. Roid
Keyword(s):  
African American ◽  
Cognitive Performance ◽  
Effect Size ◽  
Size Difference ◽  
Speech Impairments ◽  
Hispanic Adolescents ◽  
Intellectual Assessment ◽  
Small Effect Size ◽  
Effect Size Difference

A comprehensive new nonverbal cognitive battery (Leiter-R) was given to examine the nonverbal cognitive performance of adolescents, ages 11 to 21 from majority and nonmajority (Hispanic) ethnic backgrounds. A total of 258 Euro-American (non-Hispanic) and 62 Hispanic adolescents composed the ethnic-contrast samples (81% Euro-American vs 19% Hispanic). Also, the study used the Leiter-R to contrast the cognitive performance of speech-impaired adolescents with typical children, ages 11 to 15. There were 203 without and 21 with speech impairments. The speech-impaired contrast sample was comprised of Euro-American (75%) and African-American (25%). This sampling provided direct comparisons equated for ethnicity. Small effect size differences (.11) were found on 3 of the 10 nonverbal subtests of the Visualization and Reasoning battery of the Leiter—R between Euro-American and Hispanic adolescents and the speech-impaired contrasts (effect size difference of .17). The Leiter-R exhibited potential for ethnic fairness in assessment. Further, promise for unbiased assessment of speech-impaired adolescents was provided. Fairness of assessment was especially evident for speech-impaired adolescents on the “visual” subtests of Picture Context, Matching, and Form Completion.

Identifying psychosocial determinants related to alcohol consumption during pregnancy: a systematic literature review

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Roozen ◽  
Gjalt - Jorn Ygram Peters ◽  
Gerjo Kok ◽  
Leopold Curfs
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Human Subjects ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Psychosocial Determinants ◽  
Maternal Alcohol ◽  
Maternal Alcohol Consumption

BackgroundFetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders (FASD) is an important global health problem in need of prevention. For FASD prevention it is important to understand why pregnant women engage or do not engage in drinking alcohol. It remains unknown which psychosocial determinants related to maternal alcohol consumption are most in need of prevention. The objective of this study was to identify these.MethodWe searched in PubMed, PsychINFO, PsychARTICLES, ERIC, CINAHL, EMBASE and MEDLINE databases up to May 2018 using an extensive query consisting of keywords related to pregnancy (e.g., maternal, prenatal), alcohol use (e.g., alcohol, drink) and determinants (e.g., attitude, norm). Studies were excluded when not published in English, were reviews, or involved non-human subjects. Substantial heterogeneity precluded aggregation or meta-analysis of the data. Instead, data were qualitatively inspected.ResultsA total of 23 studies including 150 identified items were eligible for data analysis. Studies covered over 15 psychosocial determinants (e.g., attitude, perceived social norm, risk perception). Studies differed in their operationalizations. As a majority of data was based on univariate analysis, little is known about the relationship with specific drinking behaviors. The majority of studies targeted perceived risk and motivation to comply with each social referents' approval or disapproval. A large proportion of studies focused on disadvantages and risks of maternal alcohol consumption. Results from these studies show that women do not continue to drink because the risks are unknown to them. Cautious interpretation is needed while the observed heterogeneity hindered firm conclusions. Conclusion We aimed to identify all relevant psychosocial determinants of maternal alcohol consumption behavior(s). The state of the literature precludes such conclusions. It remains unknown which determinants are most in need of intervention. It is recommended for future studies to (i) identify all possible psychosocial determinants of drinking during pregnancy using both quantitative and qualitative methods; (ii) include different target groups (e.g., women with unplanned pregnancies, pregnant women, women in childbearing age); (iii) identify key environmental agents; (iv) operationalize their measures based on theoretical models; (v) report specific variables such as the study method and association with behavior.

Effect of Acute Maternal Alcohol Consumption on the Fetal Ductus arteriosus in the Rat

Neonatology ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kazuyoshi Arishima ◽  
Masako Yamamoto ◽  
Tatsuya Takizawa ◽  
Hiroaki Sohmiya ◽  
Yasunobu Eguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Maternal Alcohol ◽  
Maternal Alcohol Consumption

Maternal Alcohol Consumption Increases Sphingosine Levels in the Brains of Progeny Mice

2007 ◽  
Vol 32 (12) ◽  
pp. 2217-2224 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Dasgupta ◽  
J. A. Adams ◽  
E. L. Hogan
Keyword(s):  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Maternal Alcohol ◽  
Maternal Alcohol Consumption

scholarly journals Myosin Heavy Chain Gene Expression in Fetal Rat Hearts after Maternal Alcohol Consumption. 351

1997 ◽  
Vol 41 ◽  
pp. 61-61
Author(s):  
Somkiat Sopontammarak ◽  
Davida A Robinson ◽  
Rene A Arcilla ◽  
Madhu Gupta
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Heavy Chain ◽  
Chain Gene ◽  
Heavy Chain Gene ◽  
Myosin Heavy Chain Gene ◽  
Maternal Alcohol ◽  
Maternal Alcohol Consumption ◽  
Fetal Rat ◽  
Rat Hearts
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