Acacia atrox (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), a new rare species from the North Western Slopes, New South Wales

In the summer rainfall regions of New South Wales during the past three seasons, a disease caused by the fungus, Colletotrichum xanthii, has caused widespread destruction of Bathurst burr, which ranks as one of the most serious weeds of pasture land in these areas. The disease, previously unrecorded in this State, was first observed on the Central Tableland but has since become established throughout the North-western and Central Western Slopes and Plains. It appears to be restricted to the genus Xanthium and is characterized by anthracnose-type stem lesions which tend to produce a 'ring-bark' effect. A seedling blight condition may also occur. The disease carries over from season to season on old burr remains. Since 1947-48 it has occurred naturally in 50 different districts of the State. During 1949-50 it was artificially established in 16 districts where it had not been observed previously. Disease development is favoured by prolonged periods of wet weather in the summer and autumn. It is difficult on the basis of three seasons' observations to assess the economic value of the disease as a means of biologically controlling Bathurst burr. During these three seasons, however, it has largely removed the necessity for weedicide spraying and hand cutting of burrs on many properties in northern New South Wales and thereby proved to be the most useful parasitic disease of a weed host ever encountered in this State.

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Relative drought tolerance of three grass species from the Northwestern slopes of New South Wales.

The Rangeland Journal ◽

10.1071/rj9790244 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 1 (3) ◽

pp. 244 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

AR Harradine ◽

RDB Whalley

Keyword(s):

Water Stress ◽

Native Species ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Moisture Stress ◽

Grass Species ◽

The North ◽

South Wales ◽

Native Pastures ◽

North Western

On the north-western slopes of New South Wales, native pastures are subjected to frequent and often severe moisture stress during the summer growing season (Daniel and Watt 1967) so the relative drought tolerances of the component species may be important in determining pasture composition. Survival of three common native species from this area, Aristida ramosa R.Br., Danthonia linkii Kunth and Dichanthium sericeum (R.Br.) A. Camus, when subjected to water stress was compared in a glasshouse pot trial. The use of cycles rather than a single water stress in drought resistance studies, to simulate field conditions more closely, has been emphasised by Gates (1974). This experiment was designed to determine the relative tolerance of the above three species to repeated, increasing periods of water stress in a limited volume of soil. Pots of different sizes were used to determine the effect of differences in the rate of development of water stress on plant survival.

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A group of viruses isolated from naturally infected mosquitoes collected in the Murray Valley area of Victoria and New South Wales

Epidemiology and Infection ◽

10.1017/s0022172400037049 ◽

1954 ◽

Vol 52 (4) ◽

pp. 551-562 ◽

Cited By ~ 11

Author(s):

E. L. French ◽

W. C. Reeves

Keyword(s):

Small Area ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

The Other ◽

Chick Embryos ◽

The North ◽

South Wales ◽

Valley Area ◽

North Western

By the inoculation of suspensions of mosquitoes on the chorio-allantoic membrane of chick embryos, seven pock-producing viruses have been isolated. The mosquitoes were collected in a small area of the Murray Valley situated in the north-western corner of Victoria and southern New South Wales. Six of the viruses were isolated from pools ofC. fatigansand one from a pool ofC. annulirostris. Five of the viruses were found to be members of the bird pox group and related to fowl-pox virus. Two of the viruses differed in the type of pock they produced on the chorio-allantoic membrane and appeared to be serologically unrelated to the other five.The interest and criticism of Sir Macfarlane Burnet, F.R.S., throughout the conduct of this work is gratefully acknowledged.

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Acacia atrox subsp. planiticola (Fabaceae: Mimosoideae), a new threatened subspecies from the North Western Plains of New South Wales, Australia.

Telopea ◽

10.7751/telopea2012011 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 14 ◽

pp. 63-68

Author(s):

Lachlan M. Copeland ◽

Phillip G. Kodela

Keyword(s):

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

The North ◽

South Wales ◽

North Western

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Amelioration of structurally unstable grey soils in the north-western wheat belt of New South Wales

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9790590 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 19 (100) ◽

pp. 590 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

AD Doyle ◽

DW Tayler ◽

WJ Yates ◽

HB So ◽

JW McGarity

Keyword(s):

Field Experiments ◽

Surface Soil ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Residual Effects ◽

The North ◽

South Wales ◽

Series Of Experiments ◽

North Western ◽

Reduced Surface

Methods of amelioration of structurally unstable grey clays were studied in field experiments conducted at three sites in the Gwydir Valley in northern New South Wales. A set of ameliorative treatments was established at each site in 1973, and a second set of treatments was established in 1974. Plots were sown with wheat each year until 1977 to study residual effects. In the first series of experiments, gypsum at 12.5 t ha-1 greatly increased wheat yields at all sites, with residual effects still strongly evident in 1977. The yield increases were commonly associated with reduced surface soil crust strength, increased wheat establishment, and increased stored soil water at sowing. Potassium sulphate at 3.75 t ha-1 and organic matter (chopped hay at 12 t ha-1) gave initial yield increases, but residual effects did not persist. Neither polyvinyl alcohol (200 kg ha-1) nor deep ploughing (to 25 cm) was successful as an ameliorant. In the second series of experiments, gypsum at 2.5 t ha-1 consistently increased wheat yields, with residual effects still evident in 1977, although yield increases were much less than those obtained with 12.5 t ha-1 gypsum in the first series of experiments. A crop of oats ploughed under was not a successful ameliorant, but calcium carbonate (5 t ha-1) showed some potential.

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Seed production and seedling emergence of Giant Parramatta grass on the north coast of New South Wales

Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture ◽

10.1071/ea9960299 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 36 (3) ◽

pp. 299 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

TS Andrews ◽

RDB Whalley ◽

CE Jones

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Seed Bank ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

Seed Banks ◽

North Coast ◽

The North ◽

South Wales ◽

Seed Fall ◽

The Impact

Inputs and losses from Giant Parramatta grass [GPG, Sporobolus indicus (L.) R. Br. var. major (Buse) Baaijens] soil seed banks were quantified on the North Coast of New South Wales. Monthly potential seed production and actual seed fall was estimated at Valla during 1991-92. Total potential production was >668 000 seeds/m2 for the season, while seed fall was >146000 seeds/m2. Seed fall >10000 seeds/m2.month was recorded from January until May, with further seed falls recorded in June and July. The impact of seed production on seed banks was assessed by estimating seed banks in the seed production quadrats before and after seed fall. Seed banks in 4 of the 6 sites decreased in year 2, although seed numbers at 1 damp site increased markedly. Defoliation from mid-December until February, April or June prevented seed production, reducing seed banks by 34% over 7 months. Seed banks in undefoliated plots increased by 3300 seeds/m2, although seed fall was estimated at >114 000 seeds/m2. Emergence of GPG seedlings from artificially established and naturally occurring, persistent seed banks was recorded for 3 years from bare and vegetated treatment plots. Sown seeds showed high levels of innate dormancy and only 4% of seeds emerged when sown immediately after collection. Longer storage of seeds after collection resulted in more seedlings emerging. Estimates of persistent seed banks ranged from 1650 to about 21260 seeds/m2. Most seedlings emerged in spring or autumn and this was correlated with rainfall but not with ambient temperatures. Rates of seed bank decline in both bare and vegetated treatment plots was estimated by fitting exponential decay curves to seed bank estimates. Assuming no further seed inputs, it was estimated that it would take about 3 and 5 years, respectively, for seed banks to decline to 150 seeds/m2 in bare and vegetated treatments.

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RACE RELATIONS ON THE NORTH COAST OF NEW SOUTH WALES

Oceania ◽

10.1002/j.1834-4461.1957.tb00204.x ◽

1957 ◽

Vol 27 (3) ◽

pp. 190-209 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Malcolm J. C. Calley

Keyword(s):

Race Relations ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

North Coast ◽

The North ◽

South Wales

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2. On a New Species of Manna, from New South Wales.

Proceedings of the Royal Society of Edinburgh ◽

10.1017/s0370164600036567 ◽

1851 ◽

Vol 2 ◽

pp. 239-240

Author(s):

Thomas Anderson

Keyword(s):

New Species ◽

New South ◽

New South Wales ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

South Wales ◽

Chemical Constitution ◽

A New Species

About thirty years ago a species of manna, obtained from the Eucalyptus Mannifera, was brought from New South Wales, and was examined by Dr Thomas Thomson, and afterwards by Professor Johnston, both of whom ascertained it to contain a new species of sugar, different from the mannite which exists in ordinary manna. The author had, through the kindness of Mr Sheriff Cay, an opportunity of examining a very different species of manna, remarkable both from its chemical constitution, and from its possessing a definitely organised structure. This substance was discovered by Mr Robert Cay in 1844, in the interior of Australia Felix, to the north and north-west of Melbourne, where it occurs at certain seasons on the leaves of the Mallee plant, Eucalyptus Dumosa, and is known to the natives by the name of Lerp.

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