scholarly journals Rainfall Interception by and Quantitative Models for Urban Landscape Trees - For Seven Native Species -

2021 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 30-40
Author(s):  
Hye-Mi Park ◽  
Hyun-Kil Jo ◽  
Jin-Young Kim
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Rainfall Interception ◽  
Quantitative Models ◽  
Landscape Trees

scholarly journals THE GREEN INFRASTRUCTURE OF A HIGHLY URBANIZED NEOTROPICAL CITY: THE ROLE OF THE URBAN VEGETATION IN PRESERVING NATIVE BIODIVERSITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 66 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Carlos Castro Pena ◽  
Danilo Marques Magalhães ◽  
Ana Clara Mourão Moura ◽  
Robert John Young ◽  
Marcos Rodrigues
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Urban Forestry ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Urban Vegetation ◽  
Urban Resilience ◽  
Street Trees

We mapped and described the composition of the urban vegetation that comprises the green infrastructure of a highly urbanized Neotropical city, and discussed how it can be used to preserve and maintain urban biodiversity. Almost half of our study area is occupied by 12 types of arboreal and herbaceous vegetation, composed mostly of urban parks, gardens and street trees. Forty-one percent of the almost 90,000 street trees are composed of 10 species with only 4 native species. These results show that this urban landscape is highly heterogeneous and has a great potential for biodiversity conservation. However, management strategies are needed, such as better planning of the urban forestry. This study is the first step towards a better understanding of how this landscape influences local biodiversity, and can be used as a management tool to increase urban resilience and functionality.

Predicted models for potential canopy rainfall interception capacity of landscape trees in Shanghai, China

2017 ◽  
Vol 136 (3) ◽  
pp. 387-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiankang Guo ◽  
Bingqin Yu ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
Shengquan Che
Keyword(s):  
Rainfall Interception ◽  
Landscape Trees

Positive relationship between non-native and native squirrels in an urban landscape

2008 ◽  
Vol 86 (5) ◽  
pp. 356-363 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. K. Gonzales ◽  
Y. F. Wiersma ◽  
A. I. Maher ◽  
T. D. Nudds
Keyword(s):  
Native Species ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Sciurus Carolinensis ◽  
Glaucomys Sabrinus ◽  
Apparent Paradox ◽  
Flying Squirrels ◽  
Northern Flying Squirrels ◽  
Grey Squirrels ◽  
Land Use Maps

Paradoxically, non-native species sometimes displace native species that appear to be well adapted to local landscapes. That many landscapes have been altered by humans, creating habitat suitable for non-native species, helps explain this apparent paradox. We asked whether the abundance of native Douglas ( Tamiasciurus douglasii (Bachman, 1839)) and northern flying ( Glaucomys sabrinus (Shaw, 1801)) squirrels was best explained by the abundance of non-native eastern grey squirrels ( Sciurus carolinensis Gmelin, 1788), the proportion of urban development, or both using available squirrel abundance data from wildlife shelters and land-use maps. There was no evidence that non-native squirrels replaced native squirrels given that their abundances were positively related, whereas native squirrels varied negatively with the amount of development. The best model explaining variation in the abundance of Douglas and northern flying squirrels incorporated both eastern grey squirrels and development, which is consistent with the hypothesis that regional declines in native squirrels are more likely to be predicated by the alteration of native conifer habitats by humans independent of the effects of non-native squirrels.

scholarly journals Contemporary Ornamental Gardens: Trans-Nationalisation, Landscaping and Biodiversity. An Exploratory Study in Medellín, Colombia

2015 ◽  
Vol 68 (1) ◽  
pp. 7557-7568
Author(s):  
Luis Anibal Vélez Restrepo ◽  
Mauricio Herrera Villa
Keyword(s):  
Exotic Species ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Floristic Composition ◽  
Private Companies ◽  
Public Gardens ◽  
Urban Gardening ◽  
Vegetation Landscape ◽  
As Species ◽  
Environmental Public Policy

The incorporation of ornamental vegetal species into public green areas is an important feature within the renewal and spreading processes in the urban landscape. In developing countries such as Colombia, there is a lack of studies aimed at analyzing the set of species used in the urban gardening, where do these species come from and their potential environmental impacts. The non-arboreal ornamental vegetation found in public gardens such as: medians, front gardens, parks, public institutions and private companies in the Southeastern area in Medellín was analyzed. Through statistical sampling it was possible to identify the floristic composition and the vegetation landscape features. Within 143 analyzed spaces, it was found predominance from non-native species. From 198 species, 158 are exotic species; from these exotic species 68 have been incorporated along the last 10 years. From the total, 93 are mentioned in the literature as species with a potential risk: invasive, urticant or toxic. The results allowed questioning the landscape activity compared to the plant material used. These results show the weakness or inefficiency of the environmental public policy about the species entry and propagation criteria and mechanisms control in nurseries. It is evident the need to go further in researches about ecologically functional native and exotic species within the city.

scholarly journals Performance of 67 Native Midwestern U.S. Perennials in a Low-maintenance Landscape

2004 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 381-388 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew L. Thomas ◽  
Denny Schrock
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Seasonal Changes ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Native Plants ◽  
Growth Habit ◽  
Midwestern United States ◽  
Perennial Plant ◽  
Size Growth

Hundreds of perennial plant species native to the midwestern United States have potential as ornamentals, but information on how best to use such plants in the landscape remains scarce. Many horticulturists are looking for species that perform well under low-maintenance conditions and that also attract and benefit desirable fauna, such as butterflies and birds. While many of our native plants may fit into this category, not all such species will meet aesthetic criteria for home landscapes. Some native species respond to seasonal changes in temperature and rainfall by browning or going dormant. Others have very specific site requirements for moisture, soil, and humidity that may be difficult to meet in an urban landscape, or their size, growth habit, or other characteristics may make them aesthetically undesirable in the typical home landscape. This study evaluated the performance of 67 plant taxa native to the midwestern United States selected for their promising potential in a low-maintenance landscape situation.

scholarly journals Phenotypic selection on floral traits in an urban landscape

2018 ◽  
Vol 285 (1884) ◽  
pp. 20181239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebecca E. Irwin ◽  
Paige S. Warren ◽  
Lynn S. Adler
Keyword(s):  
Display Size ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Phenotypic Selection ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Floral Display ◽  
Floral Display Size ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Urban Sites

Native species are increasingly living in urban landscapes associated with abiotic and biotic changes that may influence patterns of phenotypic selection. However, measures of selection in urban and non-urban environments, and exploration of the mechanisms associated with such changes, are uncommon. Plant–animal interactions have played a central role in the evolution of flowering plants and are sensitive to changes in the urban landscape, and thus provide opportunities to explore how urban environments modify selection. We evaluated patterns of phenotypic selection on the floral and resistance traits of Gelsemium sempervirens in urban and non-urban sites. The urban landscape had increased florivory and decreased pollen receipt, but showed only modest differences in patterns of selection. Directional selection for one trait, larger floral display size, was stronger in urban compared to non-urban sites. Neither quadratic nor correlational selection significantly differed between urban and non-urban sites. Pollination was associated with selection for larger floral display size in urban compared to non-urban sites, due to the differences in the translation of pollination into seeds rather than pollinator selectivity. Thus, our data suggest that urban landscapes may not result in sweeping differences in phenotypic selection but rather modest differences for some traits, potentially mediated by species interactions.

Ice-free area expansion compounds the non-native species threat to Antarctic terrestrial biodiversity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Grant Duffy ◽  
Jasmine R Lee
Keyword(s):  
Human Activity ◽  
Native Species ◽  
Climate Scenario ◽  
Climatic Environment ◽  
Species Establishment ◽  
Suitable Habitats ◽  
Terrestrial Biodiversity ◽  
A Site ◽  
Area Expansion ◽  
Free Area

Warming across ice-covered regions will result in changes to both the physical and climatic environment, revealing new ice-free habitat and new climatically suitable habitats for non-native species establishment. Recent studies have independently quantified each of these aspects in Antarctica, where ice-free areas form crucial habitat for the majority of terrestrial biodiversity. Here we synthesise projections of Antarctic ice-free area expansion, recent spatial predictions of non-native species risk, and the frequency of human activities to quantify how these facets of anthropogenic change may interact now and in the future. Under a high-emissions future climate scenario, over a quarter of ice-free area and over 80 % of the ~14 thousand km2 of newly uncovered ice-free area could be vulnerable to invasion by one or more of the modelled non-native species by the end of the century. Ice-free areas identified as vulnerable to non-native species establishment were significantly closer to human activity than unsuitable areas were. Furthermore, almost half of the new vulnerable ice-free area is within 20 km of a site of current human activity. The Antarctic Peninsula, where human activity is heavily concentrated, will be at particular risk. The implications of this for conservation values of Antarctica and the management efforts required to mitigate against it are in need of urgent consideration.

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