scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli from Raw Goat Meat in Uyo Metropolis, Akwaibom State

2020 ◽  
pp. 50-60
Author(s):  
Hephzibah Oluwatoyin Ajulo ◽  
Matthew Olugbenga Ajulo ◽  
N. S. E. Udo Ekereumoh
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Goat Meat ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Meat Samples

Introduction: In Nigeria, abattoirs have become a source of infection and pollution, attracting domestic animals, wild carnivores and rodents due to lack of adequate slaughtering and disposal facilities. Improper processing of meat consumed by the majority of people in Nigeria is a serious public health issue. Aims: This study was aimed at isolating, characterizing, and identifying Salmonella sp. and Escherichia coli from raw goat meat in Uyo metropolis. Study Design: Fresh goat meat samples were collected from different locations within Uyo metropolis namely; such as goat meat collected at Itam junction market (GTI), Anua junction market (GTA), Ikot Okubo junction market (GTO), Itak Uyo market (GTU), Etuk market (GTE), Ndueh Otong market (GTN) and Mbiere Ebeh market (GTM). Results: The analysis of fresh raw goat meat in Uyo metropolis showed that the total viable count of bacterial load detected on the fresh raw goat meat samples ranged from 9.1X102cfu/g to 1.07X104cfu/g. The highest bacterial count for E. coli was obtained from raw goat meat obtained from GTA1 (3.4X103 cfu/g) followed by GTM2 (3.2X103 cfu/g). The highest bacterial count for Salmonella was obtained from raw goat meat obtained from GTO1 (1.07X104) followed by GTM 2 (1.02X104). The result showed that in addition to E. coli (100%) that was found in all goat meat samples, the most common isolated microorganisms from the fresh raw goat meat samples was Salmonella choleraesuis (38.8%) followed by Salmonella salaemae (34.4%) and Salmonella kauffmanni (9.5%) respectively. Conclusion: This study has indicated high microbial contamination of Escherichia coli and Salmonella sp. in the raw goat meats sold at the selected junctions of Uyo metropolis which suggested a high level of contamination of raw goat meats use for consumed in homes within Uyo metropolis.

scholarly journals Evaluation of stx1, stx2, hlyA, and eaeA Virulence Genes in Escherichia coli O157:H7 Isolated from Meat (Beef and Mutton) in Hamedan, Iran, During 2015-2016

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Fatemeh Binandeh ◽  
Mohammadreza Pajohi-Alamoti ◽  
Pezhman Mahmoodi ◽  
Azam Ahangari
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Multiplex Pcr Assay ◽  
Agar Media ◽  
Cattle Meat ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Encoding Genes

Background and Objectives: Consuming raw or undercooked cattle meat is the most common transmission way of infection with Escherichia coli O157:H7. The present study aimed to identify virulence genes stx1, stx2, hlyA, and eaeA in E. coli isolated from meat samples (beef and mutton) in Hamedan during 2015 and 2016. Materials and Methods: For this purpose, the swabs were randomly taken from 160 meat samples including 80 beef samples and 80 mutton samples from butcher shops. Isolation and identification of E. coli cells were conducted by culturing the swab samples on MacConkey agar and Eosin methylene blue agar media. Then, the identity of the suspected E. coli O157:H7 colonies was investigated by a multiplex PCR assay and eventually, the isolates were evaluated for the presence of stx1, stx2, hlyA, eaeA virulence genes. Results: The results showed that out of 160 cultured samples on the selective media, 60 samples (37.5%) were contaminated with E. coli. O157:H7, O157, and H7 strains were identified using PCR, among which only E. coli O157:H7 possessed all four virulence factor encoding genes. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that beef could be a reservoir for E. coli O157:H7, and it may be involved in the transmission of this pathogen to humans.

scholarly journals Characterization and Antimicrobial Resistance of Escherichia coli and Its Serotypes Isolated From Poultry Feed in Relation to Seasons in Karachi, Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shajeela Iram ◽  
Mehmood ul Hassan ◽  
Tabinda Khawaja
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Biochemical Characterization ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Poultry Feed ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistant Strains ◽  
Feed Samples

Background: The increasing prevalence of Escherichia coli as a foodborne pathogen in poultry poses a high risk to food safety. The resistant strains of E. coli may contribute resistant genes to human endogenous flora, causing fatal diseases. Moreover, these pathogens are serious threats to poultry farming. Objectives: The current study aimed to investigate the effects of seasonal variations on the bacterial load of E. coli and to evaluate its antibiogram profile. Methods: All feed samples were evaluated for the identification of E. coli and its serotypes, using conventional culture methods and biochemical characterization. Positive samples were confirmed by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. The bacterial load of E. coli was estimated by measuring the total viable count, and the antibiogram data were calculated using two methods, that is, disc diffusion method and minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) measurement. Results: Of 204 feed samples investigated, 38 isolates were positive for E. coli. All positive samples were also confirmed via universal and species-specific PCR assays, and 8/38 were documented as E. coli 0157:H7 strains. The bacterial load of E. coli was also determined by measuring the total viable count, and the results revealed the highest ratio (6.44×108 CFU/g) from June to August and the lowest ratio (2.06×108 CFU/g) from December to February. The multidrug resistance of E. coli O157:H7 was validated by antimicrobial susceptibility tests since all isolates showed high resistance to chloramphenicol, penicillin derivatives, fluoroquinolones, and oxytetracycline, respectively, and were only susceptible to aminoglycosides. Conclusions: Considering the high bacterial load of E. coli from June to August, the poultry industry needs to establish appropriate and effective hygienic and storage policies, especially during these alarming months. Moreover, surfacing and propagation of resistant strains of these pathogens may obscure future assessments for treatment purposes.

scholarly journals Study on Isolation and Identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli from Different Poultry Feeds of Savar Region of Dhaka, Bangladesh

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 403-411 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Chowdhury ◽  
A. Iqbal ◽  
M. G. Uddin ◽  
M. Uddin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Nutrient Agar ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Total Viable Count ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Feed Samples

The study was conducted aiming at the isolation and identification of Salmonella and Escherichia coli (E. coli) from different brands of poultry feeds sold in Savar, Dhaka, Bangladesh. Seven different poultry feeds were subjected to microbiological analysis. All these samples were analyzed by culturing in different media such as nutrient broth (NB), nutrient Agar (NA), SS Agar (Salmonella-Shigella Agar), BGA (brilliant-green Agar), Mac Conkey, DHL and EMB (eosin methylene blue) media. Total bacterial colonies of all the samples were counted separately on the nutrient Agar media. Hence, bacteria were counted as 9.5×105 in the feed sample C (Layer) which was found to be the highest in number among the poultry feeds. Total viable count (TVC) of Salmonella and E. coli in the feed samples were as 0 to 6.75×104 and 0 to 3.05×104 respectively.  Both organisms were found in 71.43% and 57.14% of the analyzed feed samples, respectively. The highest number of Salmonella was found in sample C (Layer) feeds and that of E. coli was found in sample B (Grower) feeds. The widespread occurrence of Salmonella and E. coli in poultry feeds reinforces the need for effective control measures, hygiene in processing and handling of feeds. Keywords: Salmonella; Escherichia coli; Poultry feeds; Total viable count; Contamination; Hygiene. © 2011 JSR Publications. ISSN: 2070-0237 (Print); 2070-0245 (Online). All rights reserved. doi:10.3329/jsr.v3i2.7128                J. Sci. Res. 3 (2), 403-411 (2011)

scholarly journals The antimicrobial role of emulsifying salts against E.coli O157:H7 contaminated local markets soft cheese of Baquba city

2017 ◽  
Vol 41 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-10
Author(s):  
Ahmed M.S. Al-Shedidi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Sodium Tripolyphosphate ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Trisodium Citrate ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Total Bacterial Count ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Soft Cheese ◽  
Emulsifying Salts

    The aim  of this   study  was to investigate the degree of contamination of  locally produced soft cheese samples by Escherichia coli O157:H7 and to determine the ideal emulsifying salts  and their  appropriate ratios for emulsification of soft cheese and their impacts on microbial load of that influence public health. Samples collected randomly from five popular parties markets affiliated to the city of Baquba 60 samples of the local soft cheese produced by farmers at a rate of 30 samples for each of the summer season, from the beginning of July to the end of August, while the other thirty sample of winter season were collected from the beginning of December to the end of January to study their bacterial load of coli form and Escherichia coli especially E. coli O157:H7. The result showed total bacterial count characterized by high significance (P<0.01) in the local cheese samples of summer and winter season also. The results proved the bactericidal and bacteriostatic effect of emulsifying salts on microbial activity was confirmed when the total bacterial count was significantly (P<0.01) reduced in soft cheese with (2.5%) of emulsifying salts added. Were no growth of E. coli and E. coli O157:H7 after adding (2%) of emulsifying salts to nutrient broth and the results confirmed that the best mixing of the components of emulsifying salts that is made up of (90% Sodium tripolyphosphate + 10% Trisodium citrate).

scholarly journals Genomic insights of high-risk clones of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli isolated from community infections and commercial meat in Southern Brazil

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
João Gabriel Material Soncini ◽  
Louise Cerdeira ◽  
Vanessa Lumi Koga ◽  
Ariane Tiemy Tizura ◽  
Bruna Fuga ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
High Risk ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Extended Spectrum Beta Lactamase ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Human Samples ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Human Infections ◽  
First Time

ABSTRACTDuring a microbiological and genomic surveillance study to investigate the molecular epidemiology of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli from community-acquired urinary tract infections (UTI) and commercial meat samples, in a Brazilian city with a high occurrence of infections by ESBL-producing bacteria, we have identified the presence of CTX-M (-55, -27, -24, -15, -14 and -2)-producing E. coli belonging to the international clones ST354, ST131, ST117, and ST38. The ST131 was more prevalent in human samples, and worryingly the high-risk ST131-C1-M27 was identified in human infections for the first time. We also detected CTX-M-55-producing E. coli ST117 isolates from meat samples (i.e., chicken and pork) and human infections. Moreover, we have identified the important clone CTX-M-24-positive E. coli ST354 from human samples in Brazil for the first time. In brief, our results suggest a potential of commercialized meat as a reservoir of high-priority E. coli lineages in the community. In contrast, the identification of E. coli ST131-C1-M27 indicates that novel pandemic clones have emerged in Brazil, constituting a public health issue.

scholarly journals Occurrence of Escherichia coli and Salmonella species in Some Livestock (Poultry) Feeds in Mando, Kaduna, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
S.S.D. Mohammed ◽  
S. Al-hassan ◽  
J.R. Wartu ◽  
A.A. Abdul Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Proximate Analysis ◽  
Viable Count ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Poultry Feeds ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Hygiene Practices ◽  
Livestock Feeds ◽  
Feed Samples

The study aimed at assessing the proximate composition, isolation, characterization of some Enterobacteriaceae from two (2) brands of poultry feeds marketed in Mando, Kaduna, Nigeria. A total of sixteen (16) samples of two (2) different poultry feeds (starter and finisher) from four (4) poultry farms in mando were collected and subjected to proximate and microbiological analysis. The proximate analysis was carried out using standard techniques and procedures. All the feed samples were cultured on separate media which include Eosin methylene blue (EMB), nutrient Agar (NA) and Salmonella-Shigella Agar (SSA) media using standard procedures. The antibiogram of the selected antibiotics was evaluated against the test isolates. The result of proximate analysis of the starter and finisher feeds indicated that the Dry matter of starter feed had the highest percentage composition of 95.02% and crude fiber of the finisher feed had the lowest composition of 3.78%. The highest number of bacterial load was recorded to be 10.0×104 CFU/g for the feed sample A (starter feed) and 12.0x104CFU/g was recorded for the feed sample B (finisher feed) which had the highest number of bacterial load recorded among the two (2) different poultry feeds analyzed. The bacteria isolates were identified as Salmonella species and Escherichia coli. Total viable count (TVC) of Salmonella species and E. coli in the feed samples (starter and finisher) ranges from 3.0×104CFU/g to 12.0×104CFU/g. Both organisms (Salmonella species, E. coli) were found as 37.5% and 25% of the analyzed feeds (Broiler starter and broiler finisher) samples, respectively. There was no level of significant (p>0.05) difference between the level of contamination of Salmonella species and E. coli in the two different feeds analyzed, as p=0.06 and p=0.13 for Salmonella species, and E. coli respectively. Sample A and B (Starter and Finisher) feeds had the highest number of Salmonella species occurrence with six ( 6) positive samples while E. coli was recorded in four (4) samples of A and B (Starter and Finisher) feeds. The result of the antibiogram indicated that ciprofloxacin (30 µg), Gentamycin (30µg), Perfloxacin (30µg) and Tarvid (30µg) was effective against Salmonella species and Escherichia coli. The significant of spread of the species of the Enterobacteriaceae in livestock feeds requires the need for effective quality assurance and control, good hygiene practices in production and proper handling of the poultry feeds.

scholarly journals Antimicrobial Resistance Profile of Escherichia coli Isolates from Different Clinical Samples in Abeokuta, Ogun State

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-18
Author(s):  
S. L. Owolabi ◽  
I. A. Azeez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Multiple Drug Resistance ◽  
Resistance Rate ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Resistance Profile ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Ogun State ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Profile

The alarming increase of antibiotic resistance of Escherichia coli has posed a great challenge in the public health sector. Thus, this microorganism is a leading cause of different human infections and it can be found in various environments. The aim of this study is to investigate the antimicrobial susceptibility patterns and the multiple antimicrobial resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolates obtained from some hospitals in Abeokuta, Ogun State, Nigeria. Isolates of E. coli were obtained from different clinical samples and were re-identified morphologically and biochemically. E. coli was isolated from 30% out of a total of 70 clinical samples analyzed for isolation and identification. The isolation rate of E. coli was highest in urine samples 10(47.6%) when compared to other clinical samples. There was significant increase in the resistance rate of E. coli to tetracycline (14.3%), ceftazidime (14.2%), and ampicillin (14.2%).Also, an increased sensitivity rate to augmentin (71.4%), ofloxacin (66.7%), cefuroxime (66.7%), ciprofloxacin (61.9%) and ceftazidime (61.9%) were observed. Furthermore, the overall multiple drug resistance rates obtained was 14(66.7%) and it was established that, multiple antimicrobial resistance of the E. coli isolates was plasmid mediated. E. coli isolates exhibited high resistance rate to multiple antimicrobial agents, however, its sensitivity to augmentin, ofloxacin, cefuroxime, ciprofloxacin and ceftazidime showed that these antimicrobials are still effective against E. coli infections in the study area.

scholarly journals Antibiogram of Diarrhoeagenic Escherichia coli Patients under Five Years Attending Selected Hospitals in Kaduna State, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
R. O. Chioma ◽  
I. Mzungu ◽  
J. B. Orpin
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Public Health Issue ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Children Under Five ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Good Nutrition

Escherichia coli infections and poor nutritional status have implications on the growth and development of children under five years, physically, mentally and health wise with consequences such as diarrhoea, stunting, wasting, underweight and often times leading to death, depending on their severity. This study evaluated the antibiogram of Escherichia coli O157 and Verocytotoxigenic Escherichia coli (VTEC)and the nutritional status of diarrhoeic children under five years in Kaduna State, Nigeria, using Conventional isolation methods, latex agglutination tests, VTEC-ELISA tests, Chi-square (SPSS Version 19) and WHO Antro (Version 3.2.2). Purposive sampling was used to select 350 children presenting with diarrhoea in six government hospitals within the three senatorial zones of Kaduna State. The results obtained revealed that 76(21.7%) of the 350 stool samples were positive for E. coli and 28(36.8%) were positive for E. coli O157:H7serotype and 1(1.3%) verocytotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC) serotype. High susceptibility to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and high resistance to sulphamethoxazole, cefotaxime, amoxicillin, gentamicin and tetracycline by the isolates were observed. The study concluded that antibiotics have not been very effective in the treatment of E. coli-related diarrhoea, with VTEC now emerging in this part of the world, making it a serious public health issue. The study therefore recommends the implementation of programmes geared towards good hygiene, good nutrition and good health.

scholarly journals Removal of Methylene blue, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonus aeruginosa by Adsorption Process of Activated Carbon Produced from Moringa oleifera Bark

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Shahin Azad ◽  
Syaza Azhari ◽  
Mohd Sukri Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Diffusion Mechanism ◽  
Bacterial Load ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Maximum Adsorption Capacity ◽  
E Coli

The utilization of biopolymer derived from Moringa oleifera bark using ZnCl2 and H2SO4 as activating agents for eliminating Methylene blue, Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas aeruginosa from producing wastewater. In this study, Methylene blue and both bacteria were effectively adsorbed by activated carbon with lowest dosage. The activated carbon was prepared from natural-by product of Moringa oleifera bark by pyrolysis in a furnace at 700°C for 1 h. The characteristics of activated carbon have been determined using Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET), pHzpc (zero point charge), and FTIR spectroscopy. The obtained result were closely fitted with Freundlich isotherm model and adsorption kinetics follow the pseudo-second order model with the highest value of correlation coefficient (R2~1). Adsorption quantity was dose dependent and bacteria were maximum adsorbed using 10 mg of activated carbon as well as 25mg for methylene blue. The maximum adsorption capacity showed within 1 hour. The bacterial load was reduced by 98% for E. coli, 96% for P. aeruginosa as well as methylene blue reduced 94.2% from aqueous solution using batch adsorption methods. Adsorption process controlled by film diffusion mechanism. These result proposed that the activated carbon of Moringa oleifera can be used as a good adsorbent for the removal of Methylene blue, E. coli and P. aeruginosa.

scholarly journals Effect of Electron Beam Irradiation on Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Thyphimurium in Minced Camel Meat during Refrigerated Storage

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Amiri ◽  
H. Zandi ◽  
H. Mozaffari Khosravi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Electron Beam ◽  
Electron Beam Irradiation ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Refrigerated Storage ◽  
Beam Irradiation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Serovar Typhimurium ◽  
Camel Meat ◽  
Meat Samples

Background: Electron beam irradiation is one of the effective ways to control foodborne pathogens. We evaluated the effect of electron beam irradiation on survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella enterica serovar Thyphimurium in minced camel meat during refrigerated storage. Methods: The meat samples were inoculated with E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica serovar Thyphimurium and then irradiated with doses of 0, 1, 2, 3, and 5 kGy. The samples were stored at 4±1 °C and evaluated microbiologically up to 10 days. Data were analyzed using SPSS software version 18. Results: The microbial loads of minced camel meat samples were significantly reduced (p<0.0001) with increasing the dose of irradiation. The most effective dose was 5 kGy that highly reduced S. enterica serovar Typhimurium, and completely destroyed E. coli O157:H7. However, E. coli O157:H7 was more sensitive to electron beam irradiation than S. enterica serovar Typhimurium. Conclusion: Electron beam irradiation effectively reduced the population of both E. coli O157:H7 and S. enterica serovar Typhimurium in minced camel meat in a dose dependent manner.

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