scholarly journals Phenotypic and Physiological Evaluation of Wheat Genotypes under Non-Saline and Saline Soil Conditions

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-43
Author(s):  
Hamada Amer ◽  
Mohamed Z. Dakroury ◽  
Ibrahim S. El Basyoni ◽  
Hanaa M. Abouzied
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Salt Tolerant ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels ◽  
Physiological Evaluation

This study was conducted to assess the effect of soil salinity on leaf area (LA), the number of days to flowering (DF), plant height (PH), and grain yield. Overall, 60 wheat genotypes were used, including 49 CIMMYT elite lines and 11 commercially grown Egyptian wheat cultivars. During two growing seasons (2017 and 2018), the genotypes were grown in non-saline (S0) and saline (S1) soils. A randomized complete block design with three replicates was used in a split-plot arrangement. Salinity levels were randomly assigned to the main plots, while genotypes were randomly assigned to the subplots. The obtained results showed that the saline soil adversely affected the evaluated genotypes. Furthermore, a highly significant effect of genotypes × salinity was observed on grain yield and its attributed traits. Based on salinity indices results, some of the imported wheat genotypes outperformed the Egyptian cultivars in grain yield under salinity stress conditions. The results further indicated that Sakha-93, C-31, and C-40 were the most salt-tolerant genotypes. The best performing line among the CIMMYT lines was C-31, which recorded the highest grain yield under none-saline and saline soil in the two seasons of study.

scholarly journals Tolerance to preharvest sprouting and yield of wheat genotypes from different breeding programs

2015 ◽  
Vol 50 (8) ◽  
pp. 698-706
Author(s):  
Rafael Nörnberg ◽  
José Antonio Gonzalez da Silva ◽  
Henrique de Souza Luche ◽  
Elisane Weber Tessmann ◽  
Sydney Antonio Frehner Kavalco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Preharvest Sprouting ◽  
Rio Grande Do Sul ◽  
Falling Number ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Superior Genotypes ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract:The objective of this work was to characterize the performance of elite wheat genotypes from different Brazilian breeding programs for traits associated with grain yield and preharvest sprouting. The study was conducted in 2010 and 2011 in the municipality of Capão do Leão, in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil, in a randomized complete block design with three replicates. Thirty-three wheat genotypes were evaluated for traits related to preharvest sprouting and grain yield. The estimate of genetic distance was used to predict potential combinations for selection of plants with high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting. The combined analysis of sprouted grains and falling number shows that the TBIO Alvorada, TBIO Mestre, Frontana, Fundacep Raízes, Fundacep Cristalino, and BRS Guamirim genotypes are tolerant to preharvest sprouting. Combinations of TBIO Alvorada and TBIO Mestre with Fundacep Cristalino show high potential for recovering superior genotypes for high grain yield and tolerance to preharvest sprouting.

scholarly journals Amik Ovası Koşullarında Börülce (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.) Çeşitlerinin Tarımsal Özelliklerinin Belirlenmesi

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (7) ◽  
pp. 1046
Author(s):  
Cahit Erdoğan
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
Grain Yield ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Number ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Cowpea Varieties ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Amik Plain

This study was carried out in Amik plain, Turkey in 2013 and 2014 growing seasons to determine some morphological and agricultural characteristics of four cowpea varieties registered for dry grain in Turkey. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. According to the results, the highest plant height (221.8 cm) and the highest first pod height (43.6 cm) was obtained from the variety Sırma; the highest number of branch per plant (4.0), the highest pod length (14.9 cm), the highest number of pod per plant (19.8), the highest grain number per plant (113.5), the highest hundred grain weight (22.2 g), and the highest grain yield (275.2 kg/da) from the variety Amazon; the highest number of grain per pod (6.2) and the highest harvest index (39%) from the variety Karagöz. Furthermore, it was determined from the correlation analysis that there were both positive and negative correlations between some characteristics. Considering grain yield, the variety Amazon can be recommended to the cowpea growers in Amik plain, Turkey.

scholarly journals Selection of corn cultivars for yield, stability, and adaptability in the state of Amazonas, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 52 (6) ◽  
pp. 455-463 ◽  
Author(s):  
Inocencio Junior de Oliveira ◽  
André Luiz Atroch ◽  
Miguel Costa Dias ◽  
Lauro José Guimarães ◽  
Paulo Evaristo de Oliveira Guimarães
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
The State ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Genetic Value ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract: The objective of this work was to evaluate corn cultivars grown in the state of Amazonas, Brazil, which simultaneously show high grain yield, adaptability, and stability. The trials were carried out in seven environments in the state of Amazonas, in a randomized complete block design, with two replicates. The grain yield of 30 corn cultivars was evaluated in four growing seasons, from 2011/2012 to 2014/2015. The genetic parameters were estimated by the REML/Blup methodology. The selection for adaptability and stability was based on the predicted genetic value and on the harmonic mean of the relative performance of the genetic values. Despite the existence of genotype x environment interaction, cultivars with high adaptability and stability were identified. Iranduba - lowland, in 2011/2012 and 2014/2015 - and Rio Preto da Eva - upland, in 2012/2013 - stood out as favorable environments, while Iranduba - upland, in 2011/2012 and 2012/2013 - and Manaus - upland, in 2012/2013 and 2013/2014 - were classified as unfavorable environments. The single-cross hybrid BRS 1055 showed productive superiority and high stability in this region. The Sint 10771, Sint 10781, and Sint 10699 synthetic varieties showed high adaptability. BRS Caimbé shows specific adaptability to cropping in upland environments of the state of Amazonas, Brazil.

scholarly journals Evaluating Performance of Sesame (Sesamum indicumL.) Genotypes in Different Growing Seasons in Northern Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fiseha Baraki ◽  
Muez Berhe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Seed Weight ◽  
Agronomic Traits ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Northern Ethiopia ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
Thousand Seed Weight

Ethiopia is one of the famous and major producers of sesame in sub-Saharan Africa, and Ethiopian sesame is among the highest quality in the world. The experiment was conducted in Northern Ethiopia for three growing seasons (2013–2015) under a rain fed condition with the objective of identifying high-yielding genotypes and their agronomic traits. The experiment consisted of twelve genotypes laid down in randomized complete block design with three replications. The genotype, year, and genotype × year interaction components showed statistically highly significant variation (p<0.001) for most of the agronomic traits which clearly confirms the presence of genotype × year interaction in this study. The highest combined mean grain yield (906.3 kg/ha) was obtained from Hirhir followed by Serkamo white (756.5 kg/ha), and from the three growing seasons, the highest grain yield (1161.5 kg/ha) was recorded from Hirhir grown in the second growing season (2014). The growing seasons were different from one another in allowing the genotypes to have a different performance, and all of the agronomic traits, except thousand seed weight, were statistically different across the three growing seasons. In the ordination of the genotypes and agronomic traits, PCA1, which accounted for 38.3% of the variation, was positively associated with grain yield, branches per plant, length of the pod-bearing zone, plant height, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, and thousand seed weight. On the contrary, PCA2, which accounted for 19.7% of the variation, was positively associated with days to 50% flowering and days to 50% maturity.

Physiological and phytochemical responses of red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) and green amaranth (Amaranthus dubius L.) to different salinity levels

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
L. H. Hoang ◽  
C. C. De Guzman ◽  
N. M. Cadiz ◽  
D. H. Tran
Keyword(s):  
Total Phenolics ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Garden Soil ◽  
Total Flavonoid Content ◽  
Flavonoid Content ◽  
Amaranthus Tricolor ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Salinity Levels

TThe physiological and phytochemical responses of red amaranth (Amaranthus tricolor L.) and green amaranth (Amaranthus dubius L.) to different salinity levels were determined in two experiments conducted in Vietnam. Both experiments were performed in a net house involving pot experiments arranged in randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replications. Two genotypes of amaranth were grown in garden soil, saline soil, 50% garden soil: 50% saline soil and 25, 50 and 100 mM NaCl. Salinization was imposed at 7, 14 and 21 days after transplanting. Results indicated that salt stress decreased growth parameters and biomass production in all treatments except for 25 mM NaCl. Na+ and Cl- content accumulated in both shoot and root, however, root had greater NaCl content than shoot. Total phenolics, total flavonoid content and antioxidant activity increased with increasing salinity levels from 25 mM to 50 mM NaCl; however, at 100 mM NaCl, all these parameters decreased. These results showed that red amaranth was more tolerant to salinity stress than green amaranth.

scholarly journals Evaluation of yield traits in some primitive wheat genotypes to ensure sustainability of wheat production

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
Maysoun Mohamad Saleh ◽  
Fariza Alsarhan Alsarhan
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Wheat Genotypes ◽  
Wheat Production ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Superior Genotypes

Study was conducted at Al-Raqqa Research Centre in The General Commission for Scientific Agricultural Research in Syria during the growing seasons 2011/2012. Eight primitive wheat genotypes and two local cultivated varieties were planted in Randomized Complete Block Design in three replications, yield components (number of fertile tillers, number and weight of grains per spike and weight of thousand grain) were studied. Results showed that the genotype Persian 64 was significantly superior in three traits of yield components (number of fertile tillers, number and weight of grains per spike) comparing to the check sham5, and also the genotype Polish 194 was significantly superior in weight of thousand grain comparing to both checks sham3 and sham5 (53.12, 40.80, 40.02) g respectively with an increase rate 30.20% and 32.73% comparing to both checks sham3 and sham5 respectively. It is recommended to use the superior genotypes in breeding programs to ensure the sustainability of wheat production.

scholarly journals Genotype X Environment Interaction of Food Barley

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 ◽  
pp. 41-48
Author(s):  
Gebremedhin Welu
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Genotype X Environment Interaction ◽  
Environment Interaction ◽  
Genotype X Environment ◽  
Genotype Effect ◽  
Environment Effects ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Barley Genotypes

The objective of this experiment was to estimate the magnitude of genotype X environment interaction on grain yield and yield related traits. Twelve varieties of food barley were included in the study planted in randomized complete block design with three replications. The ANOVA of combined and individual location revealed significant differences among the food barley genotypes for grain yield and other traits. The results of ANOVA for grain yield showed highly significant (p≤0.01) differences among genotypes evaluated for grain yield at Maychew and significant (p≤0.05) differences in Korem, Alage and Mugulat. The ANOVA over locations showed a highly significant (p≤0.01) variation for the genotype effect, environment effects, genotype X environment interaction (GEI) effect and significant (p≤0.05) variation for GEI effect of yield and for most of the yield related traits of food barley genotypes. Haftysene, Yidogit, Estayish and Basso were the genotypes with relatively high mean grain yield across all locations and they are highly performing genotypes to the area. Among locations, the highest mean grain yield was recorded at Korem and it was a suited environment to all the genotypes whereas Mugulat is unfavoured one. ECOPRINT 21: 41-48, 2014DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/eco.v21i0.11903

scholarly journals Green ear yield and grain yield of maize cultivars in competition with weeds

2010 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-85 ◽  
Author(s):  
P.S.L. Silva ◽  
K.M.B. Silva ◽  
P.I.B. Silva ◽  
V.R. Oliveira ◽  
J.L.B. Ferreira
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Corn Yield ◽  
Modern Agriculture ◽  
Maize Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Ear Height ◽  
Herbicide Use ◽  
Ground Part

The reduction in herbicide use is one of the greatest interests for modern agriculture and several alternatives are being investigated with this objective, including the adoption of cultivars that suppress weeds. The objective of this study was to verify if maize cultivars develop differently, in competition with weeds, to produce green ears and grain. Randomized complete block design was used, with split-plots and five replications. Cultivars DKB 390, DKB 466, DKB 350, AG 7000, AG 7575 and Master, were evaluated in the plots, without weeding and two weedings (at 22 and 41 days after sowing) in sub plots. Twenty-one species were identified in the experimental area, the most frequent being Gramineae (Poaceae), Euphorbiaceae, Leguminosae (Fabaceae) and Convolvulaceae species. There was no difference in the dry biomass above-ground part of the weeds in the plots of the evaluated cultivars. The cultivars behaved similarly in treatments with or without hoeing, except for plant height and ear height evaluations. Without hoeing, plant height increased in cultivar DKB 390, while plant height and ear height decreased in cultivar AG 7575. In the other cultivars, these traits did not change under weed control. The presence of weeds decreased the values of all traits employed to assess green corn yield, with the exception of the total number of green ears and grain yield.

Genetic Analysis of Half Diallel Matting with Different Methods and their Comparisons for Yield and its Associated Traits in Sunflower under Saline Soil Stress Conditions

Helia ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 40 (66) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohamed Ali Abd El-Satar
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Analysis ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Saline Soil ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Diallel Cross ◽  
Head Diameter ◽  
Physiological Maturity ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Soil Stress ◽  
Half Diallel

AbstractA half diallel cross between five divergent sunflower genotypes was evaluated under two contrast locations of Kafr El-Hamam (fovourable soil as a control) and Tag Al-Ezz (as salt affected soil) Agricultural Research Stations using randomized complete block design with three replications. High significance variation among genotypes and their components was detected for all studied traits at both and combined locations. Selection in early generations would be effective at both locations for improving days to 50 % flowering, days to physiological maturity, plant height, head diameter, No. of green leaves plant

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