scholarly journals Organic Onion Production in Nalanda: Using Eco-Friendly Agri. Bios Inputs

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4
Author(s):  
M. D. Ojha ◽  
Vijay Kumar ◽  
Divya Tiwari ◽  
Vinod Kumar ◽  
Manish Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Significant Proportion ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Biodynamic Preparations ◽  
Organically Grown ◽  
Ecologically Sustainable

Organic agriculture seeks to augment ecological process that foster plant nutrition while conserving soil and water resources. Organic systems eliminate agrichemicals and reduce other external inputs to improve the environment as well as farm economics. It is a production system which favours maximum use of organic materials like crop residues, FYM, compost, green manures, oil cakes, biodynamic preparations and bio fertilizers etc. to enhance crop production, carbon sequestration and improve soil health. Organic production system is based on specific and precise standards of production which aim to achieving agro-ecosystems which are socially and ecologically sustainable. As demand for organically grown food has been growing rapidly and significant proportion of consumers believe that organic food is qualitatively better than non organic, the present study showed not only the quality of the produce but also quantitatively higher yield that touched the world record production (660 q/ha) in Nalanda Bihar.

A rotation design to reduce weed density in organic farming

2010 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Randy L. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Organic Farming ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Weed Population ◽  
Weed Density ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Herbicide Use

AbstractWeeds are a major obstacle to successful crop production in organic farming. Producers may be able to reduce inputs for weed management by designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Population-based management in conventional farming has reduced herbicide use by 50% because weed density declines in cropland across time. In this paper, we suggest a 9-year rotation comprised of perennial forages and annual crops that will disrupt weed population growth and reduce weed density in organic systems. Lower weed density will also improve effectiveness of weed control tactics used for an individual crop. The rotation includes 3-year intervals of no-till, which will improve both weed population management and soil health. Even though this rotation has not been field tested, it provides an example of designing rotations to disrupt population dynamics of weeds. Also, producers may gain additional benefits of higher crop yield and increased nitrogen supply with this rotation design.

scholarly journals Vegetative parameters of apple cultivars in integrated and organic production systems

2016 ◽  
Vol 22 (1-2) ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Dremák ◽  
Á. Csihon ◽  
I. Gonda
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Training System ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Lower Trunk ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Apple Cultivars ◽  
Apple Production

Success of apple production is highly influenced by the applied production system and the planted cultivar. In this paper growing characteristics of 39 apple cultivars were studied in integrated and organic production systems. These kind of parameters are less studied in the cultivar and training system examinations, although they have huge effect on the training and maintaining of canopy, on the pruning necessity, ultimately on the production costs. According to our results the thickness of the central axis of apple trees showed significant differences between the integrated and the organic systems. Axis of the trees with lower trunk thickness tapers more slightly in the integrated production system, than in the case of the trees with thicker trunk in the organic system. Thicker axis is not accompanied by thicker trunk, namely the thickness of the central leader starts to decrease stronger in the organic production system, compared to the integrated one.

scholarly journals Univariate and multivariate procedures for agronomic evaluation of organically grown tomato cultivars

2016 ◽  
Vol 34 (3) ◽  
pp. 374-380 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline C Araujo ◽  
Samuel FP Telhado ◽  
Rogério H Sakai ◽  
Carlos AS Ledo ◽  
Paulo CT Melo
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Total Yield ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Worldwide Production ◽  
Multivariate Procedures ◽  
Tomato Cultivars ◽  
Organically Grown

ABSTRACT Tomato is one of the most important crops, the worldwide production in 2012 reached 161.8 million tons. Considering the lack of agronomic information on already available cultivars as well as on the varieties under development by breeding programs for organic systems, the objectives of this work were determine the yield components of 14 tomato cultivars in the organic system, through univariate and multivariate analysis. The experimental design was randomized blocks with six replications and five plants per plot. Evaluations consisted of total, marketable and non-marketable yield and number of marketable fruits per plant, in 2010. We carried out analysis of variance, using test F 5%. The effect of cultivar was fixed and the block effect was random. Then, means were ranked according to Scott-Knott 5%. Differences among cultivars were significant for total yield, number of marketable fruits per plant and marketable yield. The mean for total yield among cultivars was 51 t/ha and for marketable yield was 41 t/ha. Cultivars IAC 1 and Santa Clara were the least dissimilar (0.38). On the other hand, cultivars HTV 0601 and IAC 3 were the most dissimilar (10.63). The score dispersion graph showed two distinct groups. The second group contained cultivars HTV 0601, Granadero, Bari and Netuno, which stood out in the evaluation for the organic production system, presenting the highest total yield, marketable yield and number of marketable fruits per plant. Multivariate analysis was effective in identifying clusters of cultivars.

scholarly journals Lower nitrogen nutrition determines higher phenolic content of organic apples 

2017 ◽  
Vol 44 (No. 3) ◽  
pp. 113-119 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lanauskas Juozas ◽  
Kviklys Darius ◽  
Liaudanskas Mindaugas ◽  
Janulis Valdimaras ◽  
Uselis Nobertas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Phenolic Content ◽  
Nitrogen Nutrition ◽  
Apple Orchard ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Perennial Grasses ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Trunk Diameter ◽  
Organically Grown

Phenolic content of apples from an integrated and organic apple tree orchard was analysed at the Institute of Horticulture of Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry in 2012–2013. Apples of ‘Lodel’ and ‘Aldas’ cultivars on rootstock B.396 in 8–9<sup>th</sup> leaf were tested. Nitrogen and potassium fertilizers were applied annually at the rates of 50 kg/ha N and 66.4 kg/ha K in an integrated fruit orchard. A mixture of perennial grasses with 25% of white clover was sown in interrows in the second year after tree establishment in the organic production system. Every two years sward in alternate interrows was tilled for natural organic matter mineralization. Fertilizers were not used in the organic apple orchard. Organic apples of both cultivars had a higher content of procyanidins B1 and B2, phloridzin, chlorogenic acid, (+)-catechin, and (–)-epicatechin. Organic ‘Aldas’ apples also contained more hyperoside, avicularin and quercitrin than non-organic apples. On average, the total phenolic content of organic apples of both cultivars was 43% higher than that of apples from the integrated orchard. These differences could be explained by nitrogen nutrition: the N content in organically grown apple leaves was significantly lower than that in leaves from the integrated production system. Tree trunk diameter and yield of organic apple were less, and fruits were better coloured.

scholarly journals Assessment of the contribution of microbial activities to tomato growth and yield under an organic production system

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 661-675
Author(s):  
Oluwatoyin A. Babalola
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Microbial Activities ◽  
Microbial Biomass Nitrogen ◽  
Local Variety ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Number Of Branches

AbstractOptimizing microbiological activities in an organic crop production system is crucial to the realization of optimum growth and yield of the crops. Field and pot experiments were conducted to assess soil microbial activities, growth and yield of tomato varieties in response to 4 rates of composted plant and animal residues. The trials were carried out in the Federal University of agriculture, Abeokuta Nigeria, between April 2014 and November 2015. The compost rates were 0, 5, 10 and 20 t ha−1, while the varieties used were Ibadan-improved and Ibadan-local. Fungi population, microbial biomass nitrogen and enzyme activities were significantly higher (P≤ 0.05) at the rhizosphere of the local variety than that of the improved variety. This led to a significantly higher number of branches, plant height, leaf area, number of fruits and less days to maturity in the local variety. Also, growth parameters and tissue N significantly increased in all compost treatments while dry matter yield and weight of fruits were significantly higher in soil amended with 20 t ha−1. Microbial activities correlated more significantly with growth and yield parameters at 6 weeks after transplanting. It was concluded that microbial activities could be optimized to improve the yield of tomato varieties in an organic production system, through the application of compost, particularly at 20 t ha−1.

scholarly journals Management of Crop Residues for Improving Input Use Efficiency and Agricultural Sustainability

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (23) ◽  
pp. 9808
Author(s):  
Sukamal Sarkar ◽  
Milan Skalicky ◽  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
Marian Brestic ◽  
Saikat Saha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Crop Residue Management ◽  
Input Use ◽  
The Impact

Crop residues, the byproduct of crop production, are valuable natural resources that can be managed to maximize different input use efficiencies. Crop residue management is a well-known and widely accepted practice, and is a key component of conservation agriculture. The rapid shift from conventional agriculture to input-intensive modern agricultural practices often leads to an increase in the production of crop residues. Growing more food for an ever-increasing population brings the chance of fast residue generation. Ecosystem services from crop residues improve soil health status and supplement necessary elements in plants. However, this is just one side of the shield. Indecorous crop residue management, including in-situ residue burning, often causes serious environmental hazards. This happens to be one of the most serious environmental hazard issues witnessed by the agricultural sector. Moreover, improper management of these residues often restrains them from imparting their beneficial effects. In this paper, we have reviewed all recent findings to understand and summarize the different aspects of crop residue management, like the impact of the residues on crop and soil health, natural resource recycling, and strategies related to residue retention in farming systems, which are linked to the environment and ecology. This comprehensive review paper may be helpful for different stakeholders to formulate suitable residue management techniques that will fit well under existing farming system practices without compromising the systems’ productivity and environmental sustainability.

Excretory behaviour of lactating sows in an outdoor organic production system

2002 ◽  
Vol 2002 ◽  
pp. 225-225
Author(s):  
J. Marcellis ◽  
H. Kelly ◽  
H. Browning ◽  
J. Day ◽  
S. Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Environmental Impact ◽  
Production System ◽  
Parasite Infection ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Foraging Activity ◽  
Nutrient Losses ◽  
Organic Systems ◽  
Lactating Sows ◽  
Nutrient Hotspot

The excretory behaviour of outdoor lactating sows has important implications for sow and piglet health, especially in organic systems, where use of anthelmintics and other medication is restricted. It is also important in determining the environmental impact of the system. If foraging and excretion are spatially separated this limits risk of parasite infection, but may lead to nutrient “hotspot” formation with potential for leaching and poor nutrient cycling to subsequent crops. Where nose-ringing of organic sows is not permitted by the certification scheme, pasture will be destroyed by foraging activity, further promoting nutrient losses. This study aimed to investigate the spatial distribution of excretory behaviour and patterns of pasture loss during the period from farrowing to weaning.

scholarly journals Recycling of Crop Residues for Sustainable Soil Health Management: A Review

2021 ◽  
pp. 66-75
Author(s):  
Sunil Kumar Dadhich ◽  
Govind Kumar Yadav ◽  
Kamlesh Yadav ◽  
Chiranjeev Kumawat ◽  
Mahesh Kumar Munalia
Keyword(s):  
Organic Carbon ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Crop Residue ◽  
Crop Residues ◽  
Health Management ◽  
Soil Health ◽  
Residue Management ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Crop Residue Recycling

Burning of crop residues have become a challenging issue for scientist’s community as well as policy makers worldwide as it directly affects environment, soil health and the productivity of crops. Microbial mediated recycling of crop residues into an amorphous dark brown to black colloidal humus like substance under conditions of optimum temperature, moisture and aeration is need of the hour. Crop residue recycling increases sequestration of organic carbon in soil which ultimately leads to improve soil physical, chemical and biological health. Organic carbon acts as a reservoir for nutrients, needed in crop production. Crop residue management recycling is a cost-effective option for minimizing agriculture's input with maximizing output. Besides supplying nutrients to the current crop, their residual effects on succeeding crops in the system are also important. This review emphasizes on crop residue recycling by different techniques. This review paper maybe helpful to the policy makers and researchers.

scholarly journals Postharvest Challenges for Organically Grown Orchard Fruit

HortScience ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 43 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
Penelope Perkins-Veazie ◽  
Gene Lester
Keyword(s):  
Production System ◽  
Nutrient Content ◽  
Organic Production ◽  
Consumer Acceptance ◽  
Successful Implementation ◽  
Organic System ◽  
Conventional Production ◽  
Postharvest Handling ◽  
Chemical Inputs ◽  
Organically Grown

Switching from conventional to organic production requires a philosophical shift and recognition of different production system inputs plus postharvest handling challenges. First, and most obvious, is the replacement of common and readily available manufactured chemical inputs with approved “natural” or “nature-made compounds” (i.e., organic) for organic production. Many of these organic inputs may require new knowledge for successful implementation or may be less effective than conventional counterparts. Good orchard practices (e.g., cleanliness, bookkeeping) must be followed in an organic system just as they are in a conventional system. In addition, if processing (cider, sauces, or frozen fruit-sectioning preparations) is going to be part of the harvested operation, approved organic products will have to be used, and strict guidelines followed and documented. Organic versus conventional production system inputs can affect changes in the phytochemical and nutrient content of foods, and even change ripening patterns, which can affect harvest operations, marketing qualities, and consumer acceptance.

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