scholarly journals Research Development on Wiper Mechanism in Automotive Application: A Critical Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-161
Author(s):  
A. Sharveswaran ◽  
Umar Nirmal
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Current Work ◽  
Automotive Application ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Development ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Windshield Wiper ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
New Research

In this generation, usage of transportation vehicles is drastically increased. It is very important to improve the safety facility in an automobile vehicles. Due to this, many researchers have contributed to research and development on smart wind shield wiper mechanism in automotive. Considering that, the current work compiles a compilation of articles reviewed on smart wind shield wiper mechanism from year 1903 to 2015. Further than that, this work also provides information relating to the varying designs and specifications of smart windshield wiper mechanism. At the same time, the writers also propose potential future research that could be undertaken in relation to the development in wiper mechanism in automotive application, which in turn may allow for new research pathways in this area of interest. Finally, taking into consideration the design and safety factors of the current market trend wiper mechanism, the writes also propose possible windshield washing system for various application.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on the Development of Car Booster Seats for Children

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21
Author(s):  
Ibun Nuraresya ◽  
Umar Nirmal ◽  
P. K. Ng
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
State Of The Art ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Traffic Fatalities ◽  
Safety Factors ◽  
Comprehensive Review ◽  
The Past ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Booster Seats ◽  
New Research

Over the past decade there has been a deeply troubling increase in the number of vehicle traffic fatalities involving children. Owing to this, many researchers have contributed to research and development on car booster seats for children. In view of this, the current work encompasses a compilation of articles reviewed on car booster seats for children ranging from the years 1988 to 2018. Further than that, this work also provides information relating to the varying designs and specifications of car booster seats. Concurrently, the writers also propose potential future research that could be undertaken in relation to the developments in child car booster seats, which in turn may allow for new research pathways in this area of interest. Finally, taking into consideration the design and safety factors of the current market trend car booster seats for children, the writers also propose possible state of the art car booster seats for various applications.

scholarly journals The Notion of Emotion in EFL Learning and Teaching in Saudi Arabia: A Critical Review of 20 Years of Research

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fakieh Alrabai
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Context Of Learning ◽  
New Research

This paper provides a broad critical review of the research that examined the emotional factors such as learners’ attitudes, motivation, language anxiety, autonomy, and self-esteem in the context of learning English as a foreign language (EFL) in Saudi Arabia over a period of 20 years (2000-2020). The aim of this critical review is to answer some questions relating to identifying the most common themes of research efforts in this area, the strengths, and weaknesses among it; and to explain how such efforts have contributed to the development of English language learning/teaching within the Saudi context. The study is significant in that the findings identified some issues with thematic orientation in Saudi EFL emotion research—particularly regarding under- and over-explored topics due to an element of randomness in how research topics related to EFL emotions are often selected and explored, with some topic areas receiving excessive attention and others receiving little or no attention. Some issues related to research design and methodology were also acknowledged and assessed. The study suggests that it is useful to develop ways to coordinate and streamline future research on EFL emotions in Saudi Arabia and to work towards developing new research protocols that investigate the practicalities of language learning emotions in real learning situations.

Scientific and Technological Challenges in RoboCup

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 441-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minoru Asada ◽  
Oskar von Stryk
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Software Implementations ◽  
Future Research Directions ◽  
Objective View ◽  
New Research ◽  
A Site ◽  
League Structure

Since its inception in 1997, RoboCup has developed into a truly unique and long-standing research community advancing robotics and artificial intelligence through various challenges, benchmarks, and test fields. The main purposes of this article are to evaluate the research and development achievements so far and to identify new challenges and related new research issues. Unlike other robot competitions and research conferences, RoboCup eliminates the boundaries between pure research activities and the development of full system designs with hardware and software implementations at a site open to the public. It also creates specific scientific and technological research and development challenges to be addressed. In this article, we provide an overview of RoboCup, including its league structure and related research issues. We also review recent studies across several research categories to show how participants (called RoboCuppers) address the research and development challenges before, during, and after the annual competitions. Among the diversity of research issues, we highlight two unique aspects of the challenges: the platform design of the robots and the game evaluations. Both of these aspects contribute to solving the research and development challenges of RoboCup and verifying the results from a common perspective (i.e., a more objective view). Finally, we provide concluding remarks and discuss future research directions.

Green Retailing

2016 ◽  
pp. 290-307 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Adhikari ◽  
Indranil Biswas ◽  
Balram Avittathur
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Supply Chain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
New Research

Sustainable development with ecological protection has gained global significance across society because of continuing environmental degradation. It causes green supply-chain management to be an area of interest among researchers and practitioners. Existing literature related to green supply chain indicates that most of the scholarly works have been limited to the manufacturing context and retailing has not been paid enough attention. It signifies that integrating green policies into retail sector is a new potential area of research from academicians' and practitioners' point of view. This chapter discusses about the drivers, barriers, different dimensions, issues, existing environmental practices and policies adopted by leading retailers, future research avenues, different green polices adopted by various organizations and government bodies in the area of retailing. Thus it facilitates researchers, industry practitioners, policy makers to find the existing works, new research opportunities as well as to improve practices and policies.

Green Retailing

2019 ◽  
pp. 1489-1508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnab Adhikari ◽  
Indranil Biswas ◽  
Balram Avittathur
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Green Supply Chain ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Retail Sector ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Ecological Protection ◽  
Different Dimensions ◽  
New Research

Sustainable development with ecological protection has gained global significance across society because of continuing environmental degradation. It causes green supply-chain management to be an area of interest among researchers and practitioners. Existing literature related to green supply chain indicates that most of the scholarly works have been limited to the manufacturing context and retailing has not been paid enough attention. It signifies that integrating green policies into retail sector is a new potential area of research from academicians' and practitioners' point of view. This chapter discusses about the drivers, barriers, different dimensions, issues, existing environmental practices and policies adopted by leading retailers, future research avenues, different green polices adopted by various organizations and government bodies in the area of retailing. Thus it facilitates researchers, industry practitioners, policy makers to find the existing works, new research opportunities as well as to improve practices and policies.

Design-in-Modularity With Conceptual Robustness

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tzyy-Shuh Chang ◽  
Allen C. Ward
Keyword(s):  
Robust Design ◽  
Modular Design ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
Product Features ◽  
Minimum Number ◽  
New Research

Abstract Modular design can be achieved by taking the variations of the surrounding components as conceptual noise and designing the part to be conceptually robust. Design-in-modularity, which has demonstrated its success in electrical/electronic industry, receives less attention in the other engineering disciplines. Previous work focuses on descriptive discussions as well as coding and classifying designs based on product features; none has outlined a design method for modular design. This paper articulates a procedure for design-in-modularity based on the idea of conceptual robustness. We claim that, by properly defining the conceptual noise, the conceptually robust design is the modular design. Issues on how to generate the minimum number of modular designs for a given set of systems are included. An algorithmic procedure is outlined for the practitioners to follow. This paper also discusses future research issues in this new research area of interest. The entire concept is illustrated by an example.

scholarly journals The Notion of Emotion in EFL Learning and Teaching in Saudi Arabia: A Critical Review of 20 Years of Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-49
Author(s):  
Fakieh Alrabai
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Foreign Language ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Learning And Teaching ◽  
Emotional Factors ◽  
Context Of Learning ◽  
New Research

This paper provides a broad critical review of the research that examined the emotional factors such as learners’ attitudes, motivation, language anxiety, autonomy, and self-esteem in the context of learning English as a foreign language (EFL) in Saudi Arabia over a period of 20 years (2000-2020). The aim of this critical review is to answer some questions relating to identifying the most common themes of research efforts in this area, the strengths, and weaknesses among it; and to explain how such efforts have contributed to the development of English language learning/teaching within the Saudi context. The study is significant in that the findings identified some issues with thematic orientation in Saudi EFL emotion research—particularly regarding under- and over-explored topics due to an element of randomness in how research topics related to EFL emotions are often selected and explored, with some topic areas receiving excessive attention and others receiving little or no attention. Some issues related to research design and methodology were also acknowledged and assessed. The study suggests that it is useful to develop ways to coordinate and streamline future research on EFL emotions in Saudi Arabia and to work towards developing new research protocols that investigate the practicalities of language learning emotions in real learning situations.

A Case Study: Analysis of Patents of Coronaviruses and Covid-19 for Technology Assesment and Future Research

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Musyuni ◽  
Geeta Aggarwal ◽  
Manju Nagpal ◽  
Ramesh K. Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Disease Management ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Large Family ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Biological Drugs ◽  
Ongoing Research ◽  
Patent Literature ◽  
Patent Documents

Background: Protecting intellectual property rights are important and particularly pertinent for inventions which are an outcome of rigorous research and development. While the grant of patents is subject to establishing novelty and inventive step, it further indicates the technological development and helpful for researchers working in the same technical domain. The aim of the present research work is to map the existing work through analysis of patent literature, in the field of Coronaviruses (CoV), particularly COVID-19 (2019-nCoV). CoV is a large family of viruses known to cause illness in human and animals, particularly known for causing respiratory infections as evidenced in earlier times such as in MERS i.e. Middle East Respiratory Syndrome; SRS i.e. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome. A recently identified novel-coronavirus has known as COVID-19 which has currently caused pandemic situation across the globe. Objective: To expand analysis of patents related to CoV and 2019-nCoV. Evaluation has been conducted by patenting trends of particular strains of identified CoV diseases by present legal status, main concerned countries via earliest priority years and its assignee types and inventors of identified relevant patents. We analyzed the global patent documents to check the scope of claims along with focuses and trends of the published patent documents for the entire CoV family including 2019- nCoV through the present landscape. Methods: To extract the results, Derwent Innovation database is used by a combination of different key-strings. Approximately 3800 patents were obtained and further scrutinized and analyzed. The present write-up also discusses the recent progress of patent applications in a period of the year 2010 to 2020 (present) along with the recent developments in India for the treatment options for CoV and 2019-nCoV. Results: Present analysis showed that key areas of the inventions have been focused on vaccines and diagnostic kits apart from the composition for treatment of CoV. We also observed that no specific vaccine treatments is available for treatment of 2019-nCov, however, developing novel chemical or biological drugs and kits for early diagnosis, prevention and disease management is the primarily governing topic among the patented inventions. The present study also indicates potential research opportunities for the future, particularly to combat 2019-nCoV. Conclusion: The present paper analyzes the existing patents in the field of Coronaviruses and 2019-nCoV and suggests a way forward for the effective contribution in this upcoming research area. From the trend analysis, it was observed an increase in filing of the overall trend of patent families for a period of 2010 to the current year. This multifaceted analysis of identified patent literature provides an understanding of the focuses on present ongoing research and grey area in terms of the trends of technological innovations in disease management in patients with CoV and 2019-nCoV. Further, the findings and outcome of the present study offer insights for the proposed research and innovation opportunities and provide actionable information in order to facilitate policymakers, academia, research driven institutes and also investors to make better decisions regarding programmed steps for research and development for the diagnosis, treatment and taking preventive measures for CoV and 2019-nCoV. The present article also emphasizes on the need for future development and the role of academia and collaboration with industry for speedy research with a rationale.

Bullying, School Violence, and Climate in Evolving Contexts

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ron Avi Astor ◽  
Rami Benbenisthty
Keyword(s):  
School Violence ◽  
School Safety ◽  
Media Coverage ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Ecological Model ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Teacher Student ◽  
Area Of Interest ◽  
New Research

Since 2005, the bullying, school violence, and school safety literatures have expanded dramatically in content, disciplines, and empirical studies. However, with this massive expansion of research, there is also a surprising lack of theoretical and empirical direction to guide efforts on how to advance our basic science and practical applications of this growing scientific area of interest. Parallel to this surge in interest, cultural norms, media coverage, and policies to address school safety and bullying have evolved at a remarkably quick pace over the past 13 years. For example, behaviors and populations that just a decade ago were not included in the school violence, bullying, and school safety discourse are now accepted areas of inquiry. These include, for instance, cyberbullying, sexting, social media shaming, teacher–student and student–teacher bullying, sexual harassment and assault, homicide, and suicide. Populations in schools not previously explored, such as lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and queer students and educators and military- and veteran-connected students, become the foci of new research, policies, and programs. As a result, all US states and most industrialized countries now have a complex quilt of new school safety and bullying legislation and policies. Large-scale research and intervention funding programs are often linked to these policies. This book suggests an empirically driven unifying model that brings together these previously distinct literatures. This book presents an ecological model of school violence, bullying, and safety in evolving contexts that integrates all we have learned in the 13 years, and suggests ways to move forward.

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