scholarly journals Field Performance Evaluation of Tea (Camellia sinensis L.) to the Application of Different Organic Wastes under Southwest Nigeria

Author(s):  
S. A. Adeosun ◽  
A. O. Togun

Aims: To assess the field establishment of two tea cultivars under Cocoa Pod Husk (CPH) and Poultry Manure (PM). Study Design: Randomized complete block design arranged in Split-plots (cultivars as main plots and organic amendments as sub-plots) with four replications. Place and Duration of Study: Cocoa Research Institute of Nigeria stations in Ibadan and Owena, Southwest Nigeria between May 2016 and November 2017 (Rainy and dry seasons of 2016; Rainy season of 2017).  Methodology: Milled CPH and cured PM were applied each at the rates of 150 and 300 kg Nha-1 to established C143 and C318 tea cultivars on the field; unfertilized tea cultivars served as control. Data on number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, plant height and stem diameter were collected on monthly basis; while dry matter was assessed at 15 months after transplanting. The data were analyzed with ANOVA and correlation at α.05. Results: The C143 performed better than C318 and 150 kg Nha-1 of CPH and PM enhanced the vegetative growth and dry matter of tea better than 300 kg Nha-1 in Ibadan and Owena. Cultivar 143 was significantly (P=0.05) better than cultivar 318 in number of leaves, number of branches and stem diameter in Ibadan; and in number of leaves and leaf area in Owena. CPH at 150 kg Nha-1 increased number of leaves, number of branches, leaf area, plant height and total dry matter by 135.11, 88.19, 346.12, 65.33 and 428.11% at Ibadan; and by 349.09, 245.41, 376.89, 80.89 and 231.49% at Owena, compared to control. On the interaction, tea cultivar 143 that received 150 kg Nha-1 CPH produced significantly (P=0.05) higher number of leaves, leaf area and total dry matter at Ibadan and Owena. Leaf area was positively correlated with number of leaves (r=0.87) in Ibadan and stem diameter (r=0.80) in Owena. Conclusion: CPH at 150 kg Nha-1 enhanced the growth and dry matter content of C143 tea established on the field in Ibadan and Owena, and is therefore recommended for tea cultivation in Southwest of Nigeria.

2016 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 701
Author(s):  
Magaly Morgana Lopes da Costa ◽  
Reginaldo Gomes Nobre ◽  
Geovani Soares de Lima ◽  
Hans Raj Gheyi ◽  
Francisco Wesley Alves Pinheiro ◽  
...  

he prevailing climate of the semiarid region in the northeastern region of Brazil along with inadequate irrigation management, have caused the formation of halomorphic soils, which have hampered agricultural production and environmental sustainability of this region. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the emergence and initial growth of the cotton cultivar ‘BRS Topázio’ cultivated in soil with different levels of exchangeable sodium percentage (ESP) and concentrations of organic matter (OM) in a greenhouse from April to June 2014. The experiment was set in a randomized block design in a 5 × 4 factorial scheme, with three replicates, and the treatments consisted of five ESP levels (13.6, 22.4, 30.1, 39.0, and 48.0) and four OM concentrations (0, 5, 10, and 15% based on soil volume). Soils with an ESP ranging from 13.6 to 48.0 did not interfere with the emergence and number of leaves of cotton at 10 days after seeding (DAS). At 44 DAS, in the period preceding the flowering stage, ESPs ranging from 27 to 30 promoted greater plant height, stem diameter, and shoot fresh and dry matter. Increasing OM increased the emergence percentage and emergence speed index and, at 44 DAS, increased plant height, stem diameter, and shoot fresh and dry matter. Increasing OM mitigated the effect of the exchangeable sodium up to an ESP of 30 on the number of leaves, plant height, stem diameter, and leaf area at 10 DAS, and up to mean ESPs of 28.5 and 34.0 for the number of leaves and leaf area, respectively, at 44 DAS.


Author(s):  
James Flomo Gaydaybu ◽  
Moses Mulbah Waiwaiku ◽  
Philip G. S. Ndaloma ◽  
Francis Gbelee ◽  
Lamin K. M. Fatty

This research shows the effect of charcoal and NPK fertilizer on the growth of two pepper (Capsicum annum L) Varieties. The treatment levels were: control (no treatment), charcoal (2 tons ha-1), NPK 15:15:15(150 kg ha-1) and charcoal and NPK combination. The experimental plots were 32 in total with 1.5 squares meter each and treatments were replicated 2 times in each block with 4 blocks in total. The Factorial Design was conducted and fitted with Complete Randomized Block Design Method to assigned plots with treatments and pepper varieties. The growth parameters considered were: plant height, number of leaves, number of branches, leaves length, leaves width and plant diameter. The data analyzed indicated that Local pepper performed better than Jalapeno pepper for all treatments. For plant height charcoal plots performed better than control with these means 28 cm, 64 cm and 72 cm for date 1, 2, and 3 respectively (Date 1, 2 and 3 as 30, 60 and 90 days after transplanting respectively). The Local pepper performed better than Jalapeno in growth with these plant height means 31 cm, 86 cm, and 96 cm for date 1, 2, and 3 respectively. Bigger stem diameters were recorded for the Local pepper and even wider leaf. The Local pepper performed better than the Jalapeno pepper at all levels of growth. The combination of charcoal and NPK had the best growth results over all the treatments.


2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bagus Santoso ◽  
Amarullah Amarullah ◽  
Dwi Santoso

ABSTRACT  Chili Plants (Capsicum annum L.) originating from the tropics and subtropicsAmericas, especially Colombia, South America, and continue to spread to Latin America. Evidence of chili cultivation was first discovered in Peru's historical siteand leftover seeds that are more than 5000 years old BC in a cave in Tehuacan, Mexico. The spread of chili to the whole world including countries in Asia, like Indonesia carried out by Spanish and Portuguese traders. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of electromagnetic radiation on the growth and yield of red chilies in the city of Tarakan.This research was conducted from September 2018 to January 2019, at the screen house of the Faculty of Agriculture, Borneo Tarakan University. This study was prepared using factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD) with 5 treatments repeated 5 times. The factors studied were large electromagnetic radiation 56 microtesla with exposure time (P0) 0 minutes, (P1) 20 minutes, (P2) 40 minutes, (P3) 60 minutes, (P4) 80 minutes. Observation parameters; plant height, number of leaves, leaf length, leaf width, stem diameter and number of branches. Analysis of variance using variance ANOVA with a confidence level of 95% and if it is significantly different it will be continued with DMRT further testing.The results of the study show that: 1) Observation parameters that showed statistically significant differences were parameters of plant height, number of branches and number of leaves while parameters that did not show different results were parameters of leaf length, leaf width and stem diameter., 2) The best treatment for each observation parameter is P2 treatment (exposure to electromagnetic radiation for 40 minutes), and the lowest treatment is treatment P0 (without exposure to electromagnetic radiation). Suggestions from this study should be carried out further research on the use of electromagnetic radiation in the vegetative phase until the results of red chili plants (Capsicum annum L.)Keywords: chili, electromagnetics radiation, Randomized Block Design  ABSTRAK Tanaman cabai (Capsicum annum L.) berasal dari dunia tropika dan subtropika Benua Amerika, khususnya  Colombia, Amerika Selatan, dan terus menyebar ke Amerika Latin. Bukti budidaya cabai pertama kali ditemukan dalam tapak galian sejarah Peru dan sisaan biji yang telah berumur lebih dari 5000 tahun SM di dalam gua di Tehuacan, Meksiko. Penyebaran cabai ke seluruh dunia termasuk negara-negara di Asia, seperti Indonesia dilakukan oleh pedagang Spanyol dan Portugis. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui pengaruh radiasi elektromagnetik terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil tanaman cabai merah di kota Tarakan. Penelitian ini dilaksanakan pada tahun 2018, di screen house Fakultas Pertanian Universitas Borneo Tarakan. Penelitian ini disusun dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) faktorial dengan 5 perlakuan diulang sebanyak 5 kali. Faktor yang diteliti yaitu besar radiasi elektromagnetik 56 mikrotesla dengan lama pemaparan (P0) 0 menit, (P1) 20 menit, (P2) 40 menit, (P3) 60 menit, (P4) 80 menit. Parameter pengamatan; tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, panjang daun, lebar daun, diameter batang dan jumlah cabang. Analisis ragam menggunakan sidik ragam Anova dengan tingkat kepercayaan 95% dan apabila berbeda nyata maka akan dilanjut dengan uji lanjut DMRT. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: 1) Parameter pengamatan yang menunjukkan hasil berbeda nyata secara statistik adalah parameter tinggi tanaman, jumlah cabang dan jumlah daun sedangkan parameter yang tidak menunjukkan hasil yang berbeda nayata adalah parameter panjang daun, lebar daun dan diameter batang, 2) Perlakuan terbaik untuk setiap parameter pengamatan adalah perlakuan P2 (pemaparan radiasi elektromagnetik selama 40 menit), dan perlakuan terendah adalah perlakuan P0 (tanpa pemaparan radiasi elektromagnetik). Saran dari penelitian ini sebaiknya dilakukan penelitian lanjutan mengenai penggunaan radiasi elektromagnetik pada fase vegetatif sampai hasil tanaman cabai merah (Capsicum annum L.)Kata kunci : cabai merah, radiasi elektromagnetik, Rancangan Acak Kelompok


2021 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 379
Author(s):  
Tri Mulya Hartati ◽  
Chumidach Roini ◽  
Indah Rodianawati

Cassava is one of the local food sources that are widely available in almost every region. Cuttings are used to plant cassava, and these cuttings will produce a number of roots and buds. The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of cuttings slices model and the number of buds on the growth of Tobelo local varieties of cassava. This study employed a factorial Randomized Block Design (RBD), with the cuttings slices model as the first factor, consisting of three levels, namely: flat slice, one-sided slice and two-sided slice. The second factor is the number of buds, which is divided into three levels, 1 bud, 2 buds and 3 buds. The observation parameters in this study include plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter and leaf area. The results have revealed that the model of two-sided sliced cuttings combined with the number of one bud is the most effective treatment in improving the growth of cassava plants of Tobelo local varieties. The models of one-sided and two-sided oblique cuttings slices yield the highest average value for the parameters of plant height, stem diameter and leaf area, while the treatment with one bud tends to give the best results for the growth parameters.


2008 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 402-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandra Liliana Flórez ◽  
Diego Miranda Lasprilla ◽  
Bernardo Chaves ◽  
Gerhard Fischer ◽  
Stsnislav Magnitskiy

The effects of 0, 30 and 60 mM NaCl and substrates (red peat, sand or 3:1:1 [w/w] mixture of peat, sand, or soil) on vegetative growth of lulo, an Andean fruit species, during 12 weeks were studied. The experiment was carried out by using 2000 cm³ of polypropylene plastic pots under greenhouse conditions. Plant height, number of leaves and nodes, leaf area, total plant dry matter (DM), and shoot/root ratio were evaluated. With the increase of salt concentration, the plant height, the number of leaves and nodes, the leaf areas and plant dry mass DM decreased, whereas shoot/root ratio increased. Sand grown lulo plants were most affected by salinity and presented total mortality at 60 mM NaCl. On the other hand, plants held either in peat or in substrate mixture developed larger height, greater leaf and node numbers, higher leaf area and dry matter content. Shoot/root ratio in control (soil) and sand-grown plants (30 mM NaCl) was lower.


Irriga ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Márkilla Zunete Beckmann-Cavalcante ◽  
Kathia Fernandes Lopes Pivetta ◽  
Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante ◽  
Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante ◽  
Paulo Affonso Bellingieri

SOLUÇÕES NUTRITIVAS NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DO CRISÂNTEMO CULTIVADO EM VASO  Márkilla Zunete Beckmann-Cavalcante1,2; Kathia Fernandes Lopes Pivetta2; Ítalo Herbert Lucena Cavalcante1; Lourival Ferreira Cavalcante3; Paulo Affonso Bellingieri41 Engenharia Agronômica, Campus Profa. Cinobelina Elvas, Universidade Federal do Piauí, Bom Jesus, PI, [email protected] 2 Departamento de Produção Vegetal, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP.3 Departamento de Solos e Engenharia Rural, Centro de Ciências Agrárias, Universidade Federal da Paraíba, Areia, PB.4 Departamento de Tecnologia, Faculdade de Ciências Agrárias e Veterinárias, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Jaboticabal, SP.  1 RESUMO             Devido às informações sobre a solução nutritiva mais adequada ao cultivo de crisântemo de vaso ainda serem incongruentes, objetivou-se avaliar diferentes soluções nutritivas sobre o desenvolvimento do crisântemo cv. Miramar cultivado em vaso na FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP.  O experimento foi conduzido em blocos casualizados com avaliação em parcelas subdivididas no tempo, com os tratamentos correspondentes a quatro diferentes soluções nutritivas compostas de fertilizantes comerciais (S1, S2, S3 e S4) e avaliadas em seis épocas (0, 14, 28, 42, 56  e 70 dias após enraizamento - DAE), com cinco repetições. Foram avaliados a altura de plantas; área foliar; número de folhas; diâmetro de haste; massa seca de parte aérea, raízes e total; número e o diâmetro de inflorescências; e, os índices fisiológicos da análise de crescimento. As soluções nutritivas não interferiram significativamente no diâmetro de haste, número e diâmetro de inflorescências e massa seca de raízes. Entretanto, S3 e S4 promoveram a maior altura de plantas, área foliar, número de folhas, massa seca da parte aérea e total. A partir dos índices fisiológicos, observou-se que as plantas apresentaram um crescimento vegetativo acelerado dos 14 aos 28 DAE, destacando-se as soluções S3 e S4. UNITERMOS: Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev., índices fisiológicos, nutrição mineral.  BECKMANN-CAVALCANTE, M. Z.; PIVETTA, K. F. L.; CAVALCANTE, Í. H. L.; CAVALCANTE, L. F.; BELLINGIERI, P. A. NUTRITIVE SOLUTIONS FOR DEVELOPMENT OF POTTED CHRYSANTHEMUM  2 ABSTRACT             Although the information about nutritive solution for potted chrysanthemum is still incongruent, the objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of nutritive solutions in the development ofMiramarchrysanthemum cultivated in pots at FCAV-UNESP, Jaboticabal-SP. The experiment had a randomized block design with split-plot evaluation and treatments corresponding to four nutritive solutions consisting of commercial fertilizers (S1, S2, S3, S4) evaluated at 0, 14, 28, 42, 56 and 70 days after rooting (DAE), with five replications. The plant height, leaf area, number of leaves, stem diameter, total dry matter mass of aerial part and roots; number and diameter of inflorescences, and physiological indexes of growth analysis were evaluated. The nutritive solutions did not interfere significantly in stem diameter, number and diameter of inflorescences and dry matter of roots, although S3 and S4 provided the highest plants, leaf area, number of leaves, total dry matter of aerial part. The physiological indexes showed that plants presented an accelerated growth from 14 to 28 DAE with S4 and S3 solutions and therefore they were considered  the best solutions. KEYWORDS: Dendranthema grandiflora Tzvelev., physiological indexes, mineral nutrition.


2010 ◽  
Vol 22 (4) ◽  
pp. 225-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizamar Ciríaco da Silva ◽  
Marcos F. A. Silva ◽  
Rejane J. M. C. Nogueira ◽  
Manoel B. Albuquerque

Erythrina velutina Willd. (common name: mulungu) is a deciduous, heliophyte found in the semi-arid region of northeastern Brazil. To evaluate the growth and water relations of mulungu seedlings in soils with different degrees of moisture content, an experiment was carried out under greenhouse conditions using four water treatments (100%, 75%, 50% and 25% of the field capacity- FC). Predawn (Ψpdw) and midday leaf water potential (Ψmdw), relative water content (RWC), plant height, number of leaves, stem diameter, leaf area (LA), specific leaf area (SLA), leaf area ratio (LAR), dry matter in different organs, biomass partitioning and root:shoot ratio were evaluated. No differences were detected between treatments for Ψpdw after 30 days; however, at midday, control plants and those under 75% FC underwent a greater reduction in Ψmdw than plants cultivated with 50% and 25% FC. After 90 days, only the plants under 50% FC exhibited a reduction in Ψmdw. RWC was reduced at midday, but there were no differences between treatments. Nearly all growth parameters were reduced due to water deficit, especially in the plants with 25% FC, as determined by the number of leaves, stem diameter, plant height, LA, SLA and dry mass in several organs. LAR and root:shoot ratio were not affected. Mulungu seedlings seem to have developed rusticity to overcome intermittent droughts with no change in the pattern of dry matter distribution. The maintenance of turgor pressure seems to be more associated to a reduction in the growth ratio than a reduction in leaf water potential.


2021 ◽  
Vol 883 (1) ◽  
pp. 012051
Author(s):  
M Rizwan ◽  
M Dalimunthe ◽  
I A Pasaribu ◽  
H Satriawan

Abstract This study aims to analyse the effect of three types of organic fertilizers on the vegetative growth several varieties of soybeans. This study used a factorial randomized block design with two treatment factors, namely organic fertilizers and varieties. The first factor is: organic fertilizer from 3 levels, namely: K1 (1.5 kg of compost), K2 (1.5 kg of goat manure), and K3 (1.5 kg of chicken manure). The second factor is: soybean plant varieties consist of 4 levels, namely: V1 (Dena 1), V2 (Devon 1), V3 (Anjasmoro) and V4 (Derap 1). The parameters observed were plant height, number of branches, number of leaves, amount of chlorophyll, leaf area, and flowering age. The results of our research is organic fertilizers have a significant effect and are able to increase the growth of soybean plants except for leaf area and flowering age. Types of varieties had a significant effect and were able to increase plant height, number of branches, leaf area, and flowering age, but had no significant effect on the parameters of the number of leaves and the amount of chlorophyll. Moreover, there isn't interaction effect between the two treatments for all parameters.


Author(s):  
Bright Ehijiele Amenkhienan ◽  
Harry Henry Isitekhale

A field experiment was conducted at the Teaching and Research Farm, Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma to investigate the effect of brewery spent grain on the growth and yield of sorghum. Treatment consisted of five rates of brewery spent grain (BSG) (0, 2, 4, 6 and 8 t/ha). The experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with three replicates. Sorghum variety (ABS 4540 AMZU) was used as a test crop. The parameters measured included: plant height, leaf area, number of leaves/plant at 3, 6 and 9 weeks after planting (WAP). Whole plant dry matter yield and grain weight were also determined. The results obtained showed that BSG treatments had significantly (P<0.05) higher plant height, leaf area and number of leaves than the control in all the weeks after planting, except for number of leaves at 3 WAP. At 3 and 6 WAP, the tallest plants (21.33 cm and 33.05 cm) were obtained from crops treated with 8 t/ha BSG while those treated with 6 t/ha BSG had the tallest plant (95.04 cm) at 9 WAP. 6 t/ha BSG recorded the highest leaf area at 3, 6 and 9 WAP.  At 6 WAP, the highest number of leaves (9.00) was observed from plants which received the application of 6 t/ha BSG. However, control had the highest number of leaves (10.00) than BSG treatments. The highest grain yield (2.54 t/ha) and dry matter yield (3.80 g) were obtained from crops which received the application of 6 and 8 t/ha BSG, respectively. Keywords: Brewery Spent Grain, Growth, Sorghum, Yield.


2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (19) ◽  
pp. 394-400
Author(s):  
Hazım Serkan Tenikecier ◽  
Adnan Orak

The aim of this research was to determine relationships among forage yield and its some characters in Narbonne vetch cultivars sown in early spring at subtropical conditions. This investigation was conducted between 2016-2018 years at Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Faculty of Agriculture, Field Crops Department Research and Experimental Area in randomized complete block design with three replications. Three Narbonne vetch (Bozdağ, Dikili and Özgen) cultivars were used. The plant height, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant were determined in ten plants. The plant height, number of branches per plant, stem diameter, number of leaves per plant, herbage and hay yields ranged from 40.75-43.09 cm, 1.67-2.72, 5.70-6.57 mm, 10.27-13.73 t ha-1 and 2.28-2.89 t ha-1, respectively, in Narbonne vetch cultivars. A statistically significant and positive relationships were determined between herbage yield and hay yield, between stem diameter and herbage yield and between stem diameter and hay yield. The correlation coefficients analysis showed that the strongest effective trait on herbage yield in Narbonne vetch was the stem diameter. Stem diameter trait can be considered as the primary selection criteria for improving herbage yield in Narbonne vetch at early spring sowing in similar ecological conditions


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