Comparative Study of HBV, HCV and HDV Serological Markers among Acute Hepatitis B, Chronic Hepatitis B, Apparently Healthy Patients

Background/Aims: Acute exacerbations of chronic hepatitis B (CHB-AEs) are common in endemic areas and are often presumed to be acute hepatitis B (AHB) due to their similarities in clinical and serological pictures, presenting a major diagnostic dilemma. This study aimed to identify laboratory markers for differentiating between the two groups, and to establish the cut-off value for significant markers.<br/>Methods: A retrospective analysis of records was conducted for patients who presented with clinical features of acute hepatitis along with hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and IgM antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (IgM anti-HBc) positivity from May 2015 to May 2017. A total of 172 patients were enrolled and grouped as AHB (n=89) and CHB-AE (n=83) based on their history of hepatitis B virus infection and duration of HBsAg persistence. Virological and biochemical parameters were analyzed and compared. Cut-off values, sensitivity, and specificity of the variables were calculated.<br/>Results: The median value of signal by cut-off (S/Co) ratio for IgM anti-HBc was significantly higher in AHB group (30.44) compared to CHB-AE group (8.63) with a sensitivity and specificity of 97% and 84%, respectively, at a cut-off of 20.5 (P<0.01). The mean international normalized ratio (INR) was significantly greater in CHB-AE (1.88±1.24) group compared to AHB group (1.62±0.17) with a sensitivity and specificity of 57.9% and 45.1%, respectively, at a cut-off value of 1.27.<br/>Conclusions: A value of 20.5 S/Co of IgM anti-HBc and 1.27 INR could be helpful in differentiating between AHB and CHB-AE. (Clin Mol Hepatol 2020;26:187-195)

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Acute Hepatitis B or Chronic Hepatitis B with Acute Exacerbation: Differentiating Clinical, Biochemical, Immunonological, and Virological Parameters

MAMC Journal of Medical Sciences ◽

10.4103/mamcjms.mamcjms_36_20 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (3) ◽

pp. 186

Author(s):

SunitKumar Shukla ◽

RaviKant Thakur ◽

VinodKumar Dixit ◽

Dawesh Yadav ◽

Piyush Thakur ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Acute Exacerbation ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Acute Hepatitis B

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Results of implementation of viral hepatitis B elimination program in the North-West Russia

Russian Journal of Infection and Immunity ◽

10.15789/2220-7619-rot-1785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 11 (5) ◽

pp. 875-886

Author(s):

L. V. Lyalina ◽

E. V. Esaulenko ◽

E. V. Khorkova ◽

K. E. Novak ◽

Y. V. Ostankova ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B Virus ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Incidence Rate ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

North West ◽

The North ◽

B Virus ◽

Acute Hepatitis B

Introduction. Vaccination contributed to reduce the incidence of acute hepatitis B in the territories of the North-West Russia. The urgency of this problem remains due to the high incidence of chronic hepatitis B. This accounted for the need to develop a hepatitis B elimination program in the district discussed that was approved in 2013 by the head of the Federal Service for Surveillance on Consumer Rights Protection and Human Wellbeing. Objective is to characterize the results of the program for the elimination of acute hepatitis B virus implemented in the North-Western Federal District. Materials and methods. The 2010–2020 incidence rate of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in the regions of the North-West Russia was carried out. To determine HBV genotypes and subgenotypes, 160 blood plasma samples from patients with acute hepatitis B were studied using molecular genetic methods (PCR, sequencing). The prevalence of latent hepatitis B in various population groups was assessed. The 2016–2020 hepatitis B vaccination coverage and relevant serological monitoring in adults was carried out. Results. While implementing the program, it was found that the incidence rate of acute hepatitis B in the district decreased by 4.5-fold, revealing in 2020 no cases of the disease in 5 regions, with incidence rate in the 6 subfederal units being lower than 1.0 per 100,000 population. Moreover, the incidence rate for chronic hepatitis B decreased by 2.6 times. The 2020 vaccination coverage of children under 17 and adults in all territories comprised more than 95% and 90%, respectively. In addition, it was shown the circulation of genotypes D and A of hepatitis B virus is dominated by genotype D (91.8%), subgenotype D2 (47.8%). The prevalence of latent hepatitis B among migrants was 6.5%, pregnant women — 4.9%, hemodialysis patients — 1.7%. Conclusion. Implementation of the program on elimination of acute viral hepatitis B in the territory of the North-West Russia contributed to raise in the vaccination coverage in adult population and lowered incidence rate of acute and chronic HBV infection.

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Epidemiological situation of hepatitis B in the Samara region

Sanitarnyj vrač (Sanitary Inspector) ◽

10.33920/med-08-2006-01 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 9-16

Author(s):

O. Churbakova ◽

V. Akimkin ◽

D. Pechkurov

Keyword(s):

Chronic Hepatitis ◽

Hepatitis B ◽

Acute Hepatitis ◽

Viral Hepatitis ◽

Chronic Hepatitis B ◽

Causative Agent ◽

Child Population ◽

Acute Hepatitis B ◽

Viral Hepatitis B ◽

Epidemiological Situation

The article presents an analysis of the primary incidence of hepatitis B in the Samara region from 1997 to 2018. It was noted that during the 1997–2000 period there was an increase in the carrying levels of viral hepatitis B agent, the incidence of acute hepatitis B, first detected by chronic hepatitis B. Since 2000–2001, there has been a dynamic decrease in the incidence of hepatitis B. It should be noted that from the 2006 (beginning of immunoprophylaxis) to 2018. in the Samara region more intensive decrease in indicators of incidence of hepatitis B was noted. Rates of decrease in incidence of an acute hepatitis In from 2006 to 2018 in the Samara region from 7,10 ⁄ 0000 to 0,70 ⁄ 0000v 10,1 times were observed (p < 0.01). Decrease in incidence of chronic hepatitis B was noted from 2006 to 2018 by 1.4 times (p < 0.01) from 14,50 ⁄ 0000 to 10,30 ⁄ 0000. Decrease in indicators of carriage of the causative agent of viral hepatitis B from 2006 to 2018 happened more in high gear, in comparison with indicators of incidence of chronic hepatitis B to 55,60 ⁄ 0000 to 6,60 ⁄ 0000 by 8.4 times (p < 0.01). From 2008 to 2018, the vaccination coverage against hepatitis B of the child population was 99.3–99.5 %, which led to a significant decrease in the incidence of hepatitis B in the Samara region. From 2011 to 2018, no cases of acute hepatitis B of the child population of the Samara region were registered. In the last three years, no cases of chronic hepatitis B of the child population have been recorded in the Samara region.

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