The common problem was studied concerning the personnel safety and the operation of railway transport during industrial cargo transportation. Statistical and technical analysis were conducted related to the conditions and reasons of railway accidents caused by various hazardous factors and occurred over the past 15 years in the mining industry of Russia. The study based on natural, technical, and organizational factors showed that there is a steady tendency towards the preservation of the number of accidents such as train collisions, fires, and derailments. Despite the measures taken, such accidents do occur resulting in fatal accidents. The situation is explained by the fact that safety of rail transport is conditioned by the factors that can be divided into difficult-to-control and complex (coordinated by action). The differences between complex factors caused by the railway technology and difficult-to-control factors, which include natural factors or their combination with the stimulated factors are studied in the article. Study of the evidence including the details of the development of fires and derailments of trains from the rails, the consequences of such accidents and conclusions about their causes shows that the additional calculations and classification of the difficult-to-control factors in combination with other causes allow to give a more detailed assessment of the nature of difficult-to-control factors and the interrelationship between them. Through this it becomes possible to detect the maximum number of violations. It is concluded that improving railway safety is possible only with a differentiated approach to the role of each group of factors including difficult-to-control factors, and the ability of personnel to influence the occurrence and development of accidents. The time characteristics of railway accidents are considered. The idea of automated information filtering of clogged messages in the analysis of accidents is formulated.

Introduction: Most clinical research stopped during COVID due to possible impact on data quality and personnel safety. We aimed to assess the impact of COVID on study conduct at sites that continued to enroll patients during the pandemic. Methods: BEST-MSU is an ongoing study of Mobile Stroke Units (MSU) vs standard management of tPA eligible acute stroke patients in the pre-hospital setting. MSU personnel include a vascular neurologist via telemedicine, and a nurse, CT tech, and medics on board using appropriate PPE. During COVID, consent, 90 d mRS and EQ5D could be obtained by phone instead of in person, otherwise management was the same. We compared patient demographics, study metrics, and infection of study personnel during intra- vs pre-COVID eras. Results: Four of 6 BEST-MSU sites continued to enroll during COVID. There was no difference in intra- (n= 41) vs pre- (n= 763) COVID enrolled tPA eligible patients’ age, sex, race (45% vs 41% Black), ethnicity (23% vs 19% Hispanic), or NIHSS (12 vs 12). MSU alert frequency did not change, but percent of screened patients enrolled and treated with tPA declined to 12% from 23% (p<.001); enrollment correlated with local stay at home and reopening (fig). There was no difference in alert to MSU arrival or arrival to tPA times, but on-scene time was 2 min longer (p=.04). There was no difference in ED door to CT, tPA, or EVT times, hospital LOS, discharge disposition, or 90d mRS or EQ5D accuracy. One MSU nurse tested positive but did not require medical care. Conclusion: Clinical research in the pre-hospital setting can be carried out accurately and safely during a pandemic. Study enrollment and tPA treatment rates declined, but otherwise there was no difference in patient demographics, deterioration of study processes, or serious infection of study staff.

Совершенствование мер по защите объектов трубопроводного транспорта нефти и нефтепродуктов от опасного воздействия молний - актуальная научно-практическая задача во всем мире. На основании опыта разработки нормативных документов в области защиты резервуаров и резервуарных парков, других объектов от опасного воздействия молнии, а также практических результатов обследования систем молниезащиты и заземления проведено сравнение требований российских стандартов (в том числе отраслевых стандартов ПАО «Транснефть») и основных стандартов США и стран ЕС по проектированию и эксплуатации систем молниезащиты и заземления резервуарных парков. Установлено, что все стандарты одинаково трактуют назначение систем молниезащиты и заземления, предписывают проводить визуальные осмотры надземной части заземляющих устройств, измерения переходного сопротивления контактов и сопротивления заземляющих устройств, содержат обязательные требования по обеспечению безопасности персонала. В то же время выявлены принципиальные отличия стандартов в России и за рубежом, в том числе в объемах обследования подземной части заземляющих устройств, в использовании изолированных систем молниезащиты резервуаров, а также в применяемых уровнях защиты, методиках расчета зон защиты объектов, периодичности проведения обследований. Сделан вывод о том, что требования к проектированию систем молниезащиты и заземления на объектах ПАО «Транснефть» жестче, а состав работ по обследованию шире, чем установлено зарубежными стандартами. При этом обоснована актуальность данного подхода и его преимущества. Based on experience in the development of regulatory documents of tanks and tank farms, other facilities protection from the dangerous lightning effects, as well as the practical results of lightning protection and grounding system survey, a comparison was made between the requirements of Russian standards (including PJSC Transneft industry standards) and main US and EU standards on the design and operation of lightning protection and grounding systems for tank farms. It has been established that all standards treat the purpose of lightning protection and grounding systems in the same way, prescribe visual inspections of above-ground part of grounding devices, measurements of contact resistance and resistance of grounding devices, and contain mandatory requirements for ensuring personnel safety. At the same time, fundamental differences between Russian and foreign standards were revealed, including the scope of inspection of the underground part of grounding devices, in the use of isolated lightning protection systems for tanks, as well as the applied protection levels, methods for calculating protection zones, and the surveys frequency. It is concluded that design requirements for lightning protection and grounding systems at PJSC “Transneft” facilities are stricter, and scope of survey work is wider than established by foreign standards. At the same time, the relevance of this approach and its advantages are substantiated.

Aiming at the problems of strong interference and poor positioning accuracy in coal mines, this paper proposes a positioning algorithm for accurate detection of personnel safety. It is of great practical significance to detect the safety movement track of underground personnel. In this paper, WSNs distributed in coal mines are divided into several clusters by clustering method. Each cluster has a certain number of sensors, which can communicate with each other to keep the estimation consistency, and send the collected data to the cluster head (CH) node. System noise includes additive noise and multiplicative noise. In order to improve the accuracy of estimation, an improved UKF algorithm is proposed. The simulation results show that the improved UKF algorithm improves the accuracy and performance of estimation, and allows better location of the underground personnel.

In order to ensure the normal operation and personnel safety of energy storage station, this paper intends to analyse the potential failure mode and identify the risk through DFMEA analysis method, and then through the targeted treatment of potential risk items, formulate effective design prevention countermeasures and personnel emergency measures, so as to improve the energy storage station. The reliability of the battery can reduce the safety risk and ensure the safe operation of energy storage station.