Exploiting university research: The scope of an intellectual property portfolio

1988 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 212-216
Author(s):  
E. J. Duff
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Academic Institution ◽  
University Research ◽  
Research Organization ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Application Development ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Future Income ◽  
Industrial Collaboration

The identification through a ‘technology audit’ of ‘Background Intellectual Property’ upon which application development programmes can be based, may provide academic institutions with the possibility of generating research income from industrial collaboration whilst retaining the ownership of the technology upon which the application development is based. Not only is the more traditional role of the academic institution as a teaching/research organization maintained, but income from exploitation of the application development might be reasonably expected to augment future income.

scholarly journals The role of prior experience, intellectual property protection and communication on trust and performance in innovation alliances

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-128 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.J. Ruitenburg ◽  
F.T.J.M. Fortuin ◽  
S.W.F. Omta
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Open Innovation ◽  
Research Organization ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Ip Protection ◽  
Alliance Partner ◽  
Innovation Potential ◽  
Commercial Research

An important concept in innovation literature is open innovation, where firms may use knowledge of other companies to develop new products or processes. However, there is a tension between the desire to be open, to profit from the knowledge of others, and the desire to be closed to prevent others from making use of the firms own profitable knowledge. Formal and non-formal intellectual property (IP) protection mechanisms may protect the company in an innovation alliance, but are often costly and may hinder flexibility and creativity. In the present paper the role of formal and non-formal IP protection arrangements and communication on the building and maintenance of trust and ultimately on performance has been investigated. A survey questionnaire was combined with semi-structured interviews of CEOs and R&D managers of seven companies and two commercial research organizations in the seed sector, one agrifood company, one commercial research organization in the agrifood and one commercial research organization in the high-tech sector. Thirty-three innovation alliances were investigated in total. It was found that for companies active in an innovation alliance it is important to understand how prior experiences, IP protection and communication influence the level of trust in an alliance, and that the level of trust is positively related to innovation performance. Recommendations are given for open innovation managers how to make optimal use of the innovation potential of the alliance partner(s), by fostering communication within the alliance and by using formal IP protection arrangements as a platform to create trust within the alliance.

The Role of Accrediting Agencies

2022 ◽  
pp. 56-74
Author(s):  
Hesham Magd ◽  
Henry Jonathan Karyamsetty
Keyword(s):  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Quality Standards ◽  
Accreditation Process ◽  
Academic Institution ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Systematic Procedure ◽  
Institutional Accreditation ◽  
Government Authority

Accrediting agencies are autonomous bodies commissioned mainly to grant accreditation to academic institutions that meet the prescribed quality standards. The accreditation process takes through a detailed systematic procedure that considers reviewing of the academic institution operations, whether teaching and learning offered to meet the quality standards, and encourages improvement to international standards. All accreditations offered by accrediting bodies call for institutional accreditation before any other type of accreditation is granted. Accreditation can be classified as international and national, where the process in both the methods have some common and different steps. Each accrediting body under the designated government authority has prescribed procedures, terms, and conditions to be fulfilled by institutions for the accreditation process. OAAA, CAA, and the NCAAA are the more active accrediting bodies operational in the GCC region commissioned in Oman, UAE, and KSA, respectively.

ROLE OF ENTREPRENEURIAL LEADERSHIP AND COMMERCIALIZATION OF UNIVERSITY RESEARCH: A REVIEW

2015 ◽  
Vol 77 (22) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sri Gustina Pane ◽  
Dileep Kumar M
Keyword(s):  
Active Role ◽  
University Research ◽  
Entrepreneurial Leadership ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Operational Activities ◽  
Entrepreneurial Activities ◽  
Commercialization Of University Research

Recently, universities are playing active role in economic development of the country, besides their traditional role of teaching and research.  Research has shown that the increasing global trend of entrepreneurial activities emerging in major academic institutions have left universities with no choice but to re-invent their operational activities and engage themselves in entrepreneurial activities to remain competitive globally. However this transformation required entrepreneurial leadership that can lead universities to enhance the commercialization of their research.  Thus, in this regard, entrepreneurial leadership is inevitable for universities. Current study provided the review of literature which argues the need for entrepreneurial leadership in the context of commercialization of university research.

scholarly journals Bioentrepreneurship in Japan: Institutional transformation and the growth of bioventures

10.5912/jcb98 ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael J Lynskey
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Intellectual Property Rights ◽  
University Research ◽  
Institutional Transformation ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Industry Collaboration ◽  
Legislative Changes ◽  
Venture Firms

Until recently, Japan had relatively few biotechnology start-up firms and they did not play a significant role in the commercialisation of university research results. This was surprising given the pivotal role ascribed to such firms elsewhere in the commercialisation of biotechnology. However, the system of university–industry collaboration, the management of intellectual property and the role of universities are undergoing significant transformation in Japan. These changes, and others in the financial and labour markets, are proving conducive to entrepreneurship. Consequently, there has been a dramatic increase in the number of biotechnology venture firms hoping to commercialise research results from universities.This paper gives an overview of these institutional transformations in the light of recent deregulation and legislative changes, and describes why 'bioventures' are a viable means to commercialise Japanese biotechnology discoveries. Examples are given of such bioventures, based on interviews conducted with the founders and chief scientists of these firms in Japan. Some of the salient characteristics of these firms are illustrated, including their use of university collaboration and ownership of intellectual property rights.

scholarly journals Ex Ante Versus Ex Post Justifications for Intellectual Property

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Lemley
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Public Goods ◽  
Patent Law ◽  
Traditional Theory ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
The Public ◽  
Future Reward ◽  
Ex Post ◽  
Ex Ante

The traditional theory of IP is that the prospect of future reward providesan ex ante incentive to innovate. An increasingly common justification forlonger and more powerful IP rights is ex post - that IP will be "managed"most efficiently if control is consolidated in a single owner. Thisargument is made, for example, in the prospect and rent dissipationliterature in patent law, in justifications for expansive rights ofpublicity, and in defense of the Bono Copyright Term Extension Act. Takento an extreme, this argument justifies perpetual protection with no realexceptions. Those who rely on this theory take the idea of IP as "property"too seriously, and reason that since individual pieces of property areperpetually managed, IP should be too. But IP isn't just like realproperty; indeed, it gives IP owners control over what others do with theirreal property. The ex post justification is strikingly anti-market. Wewould never say today that the market for paper clips would be "efficientlymanaged" if put into the hands of a single firm. We rely on competition todo that for us. But that is exactly what the ex post theory would do.In this paper, I explore the sub rosa development of this ex post theory ofIP. I argue that the basis for continued control is the assumption that thevalue of IP rights will be dissipated if they are used too much. Thisargument is fundamentally at odds with the public goods nature ofinformation. It stems from a particular sort of myopia about privateordering, in which actions by individual private firms are presumed to beideal and the traditional role of the market in disciplining errant firmsis ignored.

scholarly journals Preparing a Data Archive or Repository for Changing Research Data and Materials Retention Policies

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonathan Bohan ◽  
Lynda Kellam
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Research Data ◽  
Data Archive ◽  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Institutional Repositories ◽  
Retention Policies ◽  
And Training

Archival expectations and requirements for researchers’ data and code are changing rapidly, both among publishers and institutions, in response to what has been referred to as a “reproducibility crisis.” In an effort to address this crisis, a number of publishers have added requirements or recommendations to increase the availability of supporting information behind the research, and academic institutions have followed. Librarians should focus on ways to make it easier for researchers to effectively share their data and code with reproducibility in mind. At the Cornell Center for Social Sciences, we have instituted a Results Reproduction Service (R-Squared) for Cornell researchers. Part of this service includes archiving the R-Squared package in our CoreTrustSeal certified Data and Reproduction Archive, which has been rebuilt to accommodate both the unique requirements of those packages and the traditional role of our data archive. Librarians need to consider roles that archives and institutional repositories can play in supporting researchers with reproducibility initiatives. Our commentary closes with some suggestions for more information and training.

Economic and Legal Support for Commercialization of Intellectual Property in Russia

2003 ◽  
pp. 66-76
Author(s):  
I. Dezhina ◽  
I. Leonov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
The State ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
The West ◽  
Role Of The State ◽  
Legal Context

The article is devoted to the analysis of the changes in economic and legal context for commercial application of intellectual property created under federal budgetary financing. Special attention is given to the role of the state and to comparison of key elements of mechanisms for commercial application of intellectual property that are currently under implementation in Russia and in the West. A number of practical suggestions are presented aimed at improving government stimuli to commercialization of intellectual property created at budgetary expense.

FAITH–BASED COMMUNITIES AND POLITICS IN DULLSTROOM-EMNOTWENI: LOCAL STORIES OF IDENTITY

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Landman
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Service Delivery ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
Traditional Role ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
Local Identities ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
The Face

A majority of the black community of Dullstroom-Emnotweni in the Mpumalanga highveld in the east of South Africa trace their descent back to the southern Ndebele of the so-called ‘Mapoch Gronden’, who lost their land in the 1880s to become farm workers on their own land. A hundred years later, in 1980, descendants of the ‘Mapoggers’ settled in the newly built ‘township’ of Dullstroom, called Sakhelwe, finding jobs on the railways or as domestic workers. Oral interviews with the inhabitants of Sakhelwe – a name eventually abandoned in favour of Dullstroom- Emnotweni – testify to histories of transition from landowner to farmworker to unskilled labourer. The stories also highlight cultural conflicts between people of Ndebele, Pedi and Swazi descent and the influence of decades of subordination on local identities. Research projects conducted in this and the wider area of the eMakhazeni Local Municipality reveal the struggle to maintain religious, gender and youth identities in the face of competing political interests. Service delivery, higher education, space for women and the role of faith-based organisations in particular seem to be sites of contestation. Churches and their role in development and transformation, where they compete with political parties and state institutions, are the special focus of this study. They attempt to remain free from party politics, but are nevertheless co-opted into contra-culturing the lack of service delivery, poor standards of higher education and inadequate space for women, which are outside their traditional role of sustaining an oppressed community.

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