The Role of Accrediting Agencies

Accrediting agencies are autonomous bodies commissioned mainly to grant accreditation to academic institutions that meet the prescribed quality standards. The accreditation process takes through a detailed systematic procedure that considers reviewing of the academic institution operations, whether teaching and learning offered to meet the quality standards, and encourages improvement to international standards. All accreditations offered by accrediting bodies call for institutional accreditation before any other type of accreditation is granted. Accreditation can be classified as international and national, where the process in both the methods have some common and different steps. Each accrediting body under the designated government authority has prescribed procedures, terms, and conditions to be fulfilled by institutions for the accreditation process. OAAA, CAA, and the NCAAA are the more active accrediting bodies operational in the GCC region commissioned in Oman, UAE, and KSA, respectively.

Administration of Post-Reformation Decentralization Government

Decentralization is a policy for regions to maximize the functions of a regional government authority. Proportional and optimal power in mobilizing every resource in the area will make the region have independence in developing the part. The method used is a literature study; besides, the authors also use media such as newspapers, magazines, bulletins, and other sources relating to the discussion as reference material in reviewing the debate, analysis using descriptive-analytic methods. Decentralization implemented in the city of Makassar has made a very positive contribution to the people of Makassar, because, with devolution, the Makassar city government can plan its development independently for the sake of a sustainable city. The implementation of decentralization in the town of Makassar has implications for the progress of regional development; this can see in the physical event in the city and the level of economic growth.

LEMBAGA TUNGGAL PENGELOLA REGULASI: DASAR PEMIKIRAN DAN TAWARAN IMPLEMENTASINYA DALAM KETATANEGARAN INDONESIA

In this article the author seeks to answer, within the context of the Indonesia state organizational system, why and how Indonesia should establish a single government authority entrusted with supervising the making of ministerial policy regulations or regional government regulations. To that purpose a comparison with other countries is conducted. It is a fact in Indonesia that regulatory powers or function is shared by and among different ministries and by regional governments. The result of which is the problem of sectoral approach and the existence of numerous overlapping and conflicting regulations. To overcome this problem, in consideration of best practices in other countries, the author suggests the establishment of a single government agency entrusted with, inter alia, previewing ministerial or regional government draft regulations.

The Existence of Subak in The Legal Politics of Development Program in Bali

This study aimed to analyze the legal policies of Bali regionaldevelopment planning in providing protection for the existence ofSubak sustainability in development. This study employed anormative legal research method with a statutory approach, andanalytical conceptual approach. The results indicated that theexistence of Subak has been recognized as a model of managementirrigation in Bali that has been inherited by ancestors, which isprotected by the 1945 Constitution. However, the direction ofregional development planning within the framework ofautonomy, places the agricultural sector as the preferredgovernment affair of the regional government authority. Hence, itcauses the agricultural sector does not become the leading sectorin development planning, and beside the priority of theagricultural budget from the portion of planning and regionaleconomic development, which is still below 2% (two percent).There are also a lack and difficulties in synergizing regionaldevelopment in agriculture with efforts to protect Subaks acrossdistricts/cities in the province of Bali.

A Micro-Political Analysis of Local Governance in Nigeria: The Case of Irepodun Local Government Authority

The study examined local government autonomy and local government service delivery in Nigeria. the study discovered that, Nigerian local government needs to be autonomous in the discharge of its statutory responsibility, if ongoing agitation for local government autonomy from different quarters in Nigeria is given an approval, this will strengthen local government’s service delivery. The study discovered that some states in Nigeria oppose local government autonomy due to political and economic considerations. The study further revealed that Irepodun local government (the micro-case study) in Nigeria is not totally autonomous. Although, local governance is transparent and accountable in Irepodun Local Government, especially in the identification, formulation and execution of its projects, Irepodun local government authority has a huge financial challenge in carrying out service delivery. The study therefore recommends that; the state joint local government account should be abolished from the Nigerian constitution to enable allocation of funds directly to the local governments from Federation account. they should also put a stop to the persistence deduction from the monthly allocation of local governments. Again, states should henceforth be made to remit regularly the constitutional 10% of their internally generated revenue to the local government authorities. Irepodun local government and other local government authorities in Nigeria emplace more efforts on sustainable wealth creation rather than depending solely on the grants from the federal and state governments.

Revitalizing Local Wisdom in Committing Radicalism in Aceh

Local wisdom is known as a cultural asset that develops in an area, all policies and customs that play a role in Aceh will become a culture that is respected and appreciated in Aceh. In its development, local wisdom is very influential in protecting people's thoughts, including the seeds of radicalism. The existence of radicalism in Aceh was most evident during the conflict between the Republic of Indonesia and the separatist movement in Aceh. After the peace period of the MOU Helsingki took place, radicalism in Aceh did not occur openly. Only ripples of thought trying to incite from within the disapproval of the current government. You could say, the turmoil arose because of the influence of political color, where the current population of Aceh is quantitatively more inclined to the failed presidential candidate. The problem raised in this study is how to revitalize the values ​​of Aceh's local wisdom which are threatened with fading due to the globalization of foreign cultures. This research design uses qualitative with reference sources based on literature and field studies. The analysis technique is descriptive. The findings of this study are that local wisdom is ideal in countering the existence of radicalism in Aceh through the media meuseumeuraya, tengku authorities, implementing the values ​​of ‘hadih madja’, sub-district da'i programs, and so on. In conclusion, strengthening local wisdom in Aceh is very urgent because the character of the Acehnese people respects traditional values ​​and authority more than the government authority. Abstrak: Kearifan lokal dikenal sebagai aset budaya yang berkembang di suatu daerah, semua kebijakan dan kebiasaan yang memainkan peran keacehan akan menjadi suatu kultur yang dihormati dan dihargai di Aceh. Pada perkembangannya kearifan lokal sangat berpengaruh dalam memproteksi pemikiran masyarakat termasuk bibit-bibit radikalisme. Eksistensi radikalisme di Aceh paling kentara terjadi pada masa konflik antara NKRI dan gerakan sparatis di Aceh. Setelah masa damai MOU Helsingki terjadi, radikalisme di Aceh tidak terjadi secara terbuka. Hanya riak-riak pemikiran yang mencoba menghasut dari dalam tentang ketidaksetujuan terhadap pemerintahan saat ini. Bisa dibilang, gejolak itu muncul karena pengaruh warna politik yang mana saat ini penduduk Aceh secara kuantitas lebih condong pada calon Presiden yang gagal terpilih. Adapun masalah yang diangkat dalam penelitian ini adalah bagaimana merevitalisasikan nilai-nilai kearifan lokal Aceh yang terancam pudar akibat serangan globalisasi budaya luar. Design penelitian ini menggunakan kualitatif dengan sumber referensi berbasis kajian pustaka dan lapangan. Teknik analisis berupa deskriptif. Temuan dari penelitian ini adalah kearifan lokal sangat ideal dalam menangkal eksistensi radikalisme di Aceh melalui media meuseumeuraya, otoritas tengku,implementasi nilai hadih madja, program da’i kecamatan dan lain sebagainya. Kesimpulannya, penguatan kearifan lokal di Aceh sangat urgen karena karakter masyarakat Aceh lebih menghormati nilai dan otoritas adat dibanding otoritas pemerintah. Kata-kata kunci: revitalisasi, kearifan lokal, radikalisme

Building a Climate-Resilient Power Grid: Lessons From Texas-Size Storms and the Queensland Floods

When a city is lashed by storm or swamped by epic rains, there's at least one predictable moment in the chaos: the lights go out. In this article, we focus on the challenge of protecting assets from storms and floods in the era of climate breakdown. This often involves physical fortification or smarter placement. To understand the policies and decisions involved, we examine recovery efforts following storm- or flood-based outages that occurred this century in the state of Texas in the United States and the state of Queensland in Australia. We first describe the outages, their consequences, and the policy recommendations and responses that followed. We then evaluate the recovery processes, focusing on the challenge of protecting assets like substations and transmission structures. We find that each jurisdiction could do more to incorporate forward-looking climate data, to match the level of government authority to better fit the desired function, and to capably fund the work to be done.

Developing a COVID-19 module for the European Social Survey

This short report describes the development of a COVID-19 module for Round 10 of the European Social Survey (ESS). The module is formed of 20 items, including 10 agreed with ESS National Coordinators and 10 developed by two academic teams following an external call for content. The majority of ESS participating countries will field the module for Round 10 fieldwork in 2020–2021. This report provides the rationale for the module, presents challenges of developing such a module for ESS, and gives an overview of the question development and testing process. The two external sub-modules—Government authority and legitimacy in the age of a pandemic and COVID-19 conspiracy beliefs and government rule compliance—are also introduced.

More Venezuelans in Trinidad in the 21st century

Venezuelan 'asylum seekers' arriving at the coast of Trinidad enter a new reality and become a part of a world of politics and processing like most migrants do. By no fault of their own, they embody local and global tensions concerning migration policies, border control, government authority, and international human rights and protection. This paper raises questions about the complex status and identity of Venezuelan migrants in Trinidad who came seeking asylum in recent years. The results demonstrate that internationally accepted “refugee” and “asylum seeker” categorization is highly unstable in the present context due to the core economic issues underlying forced migration. In line with previous anthropological research, the study highlights the ways in which labels do not encapsulate the local and global causes underlying forced migration and displacement. While international law is well-meaning, there remains a lot to be desired in the long-term protection of displaced people. There are also geographic and economic limits of small islands to absorb large numbers of displaced persons which, to date, has not been recognized by international human rights organizations.

Identity and Antibiogram of Bacterial Isolates from Owerri Modern Abattoir, Imo State, Nigeria

Aim: The identity and antibiogram of bacterial isolates from Owerri modern abattoir in Imo State, Nigeria, was investigated with the aim of determining the bacterial profile of the abattoir and their susceptibility pattern to commonly used antibiotics. Study Design: Cross sectional study Place and Duration of Study: This study was carried out in Owerri Modern Abattoir located within Owerri metropolis from June to November, 2020. Methodology: Questionnaires were used to obtain participants’ consent, demographic data and sanitary practices in the abattoir. Samples were taken and bacteriological analysis of the samples done using pour plate method. Disc diffusion antibiotic susceptibility testing and minimum inhibitory concentration were performed after colony counting, identification and characterization of the isolates using standard microbiological and biochemical techniques. Results: Mean viable bacterial counts were generally high with highest counts from contaminated soil (6.13x106CFU/ml) and least from workers hands (1.17x106CFU/ml). Escherichia coli had the highest prevalence (18.0%), with the highest counts from soil (3.10%). Vibrio cholerae recorded the least prevalence (0.62%), and was isolated only from washing water. High resistance to antibiotics was observed. Conclusion: Government authority and the general public are advised to ensure adequate environmental sanitation and proper cooking of meat before consumption in order to mitigate the incidence of infection and antibiotic resistance.