scholarly journals Algorithms as organizational figuration: The sociotechnical arrangements of a fintech start-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 205395172110267
Author(s):  
Sara Dahlman ◽  
Ib T Gulbrandsen ◽  
Sine N Just
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
The Public ◽  
Start Up ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Spatiotemporal Processes ◽  
Communication Culture ◽  
Dynamic Trajectory ◽  
Viable Business

Building on critical approaches that understand algorithms in terms of communication, culture and organization, this paper offers the supplementary conceptualization of algorithms as organizational figuration, defined as material and meaningful sociotechnical arrangements that develop in spatiotemporal processes and are shaped by multiple enactments of affordance–agency relations. We develop this conceptualization through a case study of a Danish fintech start-up that uses machine learning to create opportunities for sustainable pensions investments. By way of ethnographic and literary methodology, we provide an in-depth analysis of the dynamic trajectory in and through which the organization gives shape to and takes shape from its key algorithmic tool, mapping the shifting sociotechnical arrangements of the start-up, from its initial search for a viable business model through the development of the algorithm to the public launch of its product. On this basis, we argue that conceptualizing algorithms as organizational figuration enables us to detail not only what algorithms do but also what they are.

scholarly journals Ai4Truth: An In-depth Analysis on Misinformation using Machine Learning and Data Science

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Qu ◽  
Yu Sun
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Data Science ◽  
Social Issues ◽  
Fake News ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
The Public ◽  
Applied Machine Learning ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Real Challenge ◽  
The Way

A number of social issues have been grown due to the increasing amount of “fake news”. With the inevitable exposure to this misinformation, it has become a real challenge for the public to process the correct truth and knowledge with accuracy. In this paper, we have applied machine learning to investigate the correlations between the information and the way people treat it. With enough data, we are able to safely and accurately predict which groups are most vulnerable to misinformation. In addition, we realized that the structure of the survey itself could help with future studies, and the method by which the news articles are presented, and the news articles itself also contributes to the result.

The superfluousness of CSR in media organisations

2017 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roman Batko ◽  
Jan Kreft
Keyword(s):  
Social Responsibility ◽  
Radio Station ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Radio Stations ◽  
The Public ◽  
Media Companies ◽  
Public Media ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Public Organisations

Purpose However, the scale of corporate social responsibility (CSR) implementation in Polish media organisations is diversified. The survey, which was conducted among the CEOs of some regional radio broadcast partnerships in Poland, indicates that only one of them has in fact accepted the CSR solutions. The majority of this group think there is no need to implement CSR because they consider it to be a duplication of the public media mission. Considering commercial media, all the biggest TV and radio stations apply CSR. The pressure is manifested by the fact that numerous media organisations – commercial and public ones – have accepted solutions of CSR. The paper aims to discuss these issues. Design/methodology/approach To verify the hypotheses, a survey was conducted from January to June 2015, in 12 (out of 17) Polish regional radio stations (independent partnerships). The research was of quality character – each media organisation selected for the survey was a separate case study. To collect the required data, two research methods were applied: in-depth interviews with the radio station CEOs (N1-N12); analysis of organisation documents concerning the mission of public organisations. We assumed that an in-depth analysis of a fragment of the empirical material in the form of a case study comes as an element of universal experience, and it reflects the universe (Denzin and Lincoln, 2009). Findings The survey suggests that only one organisation implements CSR standards. Its CEO, however is mainly driven by business reasoning. He considers that “it is an excellent tool to improve the image of the organisation in the advertisement market” and “a good way to present a radio company as a reliable business partner”. Research limitations/implications A critical attitude to CSR in media organisations has a double source: generally, CSR is not adequate to all organisations; CSR multiplies social functions of a media organisation, and a role which it plays in the society. It comes as an immanent feature of the way how a media organisation functions in its basic dimension. As presented above, the attempt to define specific elements, which allow us to analyse the level of “advance” characteristic for a media organisation, drives us to a following conclusion: communication and implementation of the CSR standards seems natural in the context of such activities of media companies as placing orders (relations with business partners, internal policy of employment, etc.), however, it only comes as a confirmation of such expectations from media organisations which are connected with maintenance of journalist standards. Practical implications As the survey of the CEOs of Polish public radio companies suggests, the problem of multiplying social responsibility of media refers, first of all, to public media. Majority of the executives considers CSR as duplication of fulfilling the public mission, and as some superfluous practice in public media. Social implications Considering this situation, it is possible to state that the concept of CSR, first of all, results from the presence of media entities in the market, where they compete mainly for the attention of listeners and advertisers. The consumer-investor dimension of media operations also contributes to the perception of CSR as the operation which is apparently pro-social, however which truly aims at increasing the company value by the improvement of its image as goods and service provider. Originality/value The source of acceptance for public media is a strong belief in social value of honest and competent information reporting and its contextualisation. At the same time, however, a basic deteriorating factor of media legitimisation is their transformation into market-oriented economy. Commodification of media means constant pressure to increase the role of “business” rhetoric and “business” solutions. The pressure is manifested by the fact that numerous media organisations – commercial and public ones – have accepted solutions of CSR.

Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) Implementation in a Developing World Context

2018 ◽  
pp. 389-407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mosweu Olefhile ◽  
Mutshewa Athulang ◽  
Kelvin Joseph Bwalya
Keyword(s):  
Public Sector ◽  
Management System ◽  
Information Access ◽  
Records Management ◽  
Extensive Literature ◽  
Electronic Document ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Government Development

This chapter presents a case study of back-end information system implementation geared towards encouraging e-Government development in Botswana. The case is an in depth analysis of the implementation of the Electronic Document and Records Management System (EDRMS) at the Ministry of Trade and Industry (MTI). The focus of this chapter is two-fold: 1) it highlights the factors that influence the adoption and usage of EDRMS by Action Officers and Records Officers at MTI and correspondingly outline EDRMS' facilitatation of information access in the realm of e-Government; and 2) aims to understand the initiatives that have been implemented to facilitate robust e-Government development in the public sector of Botswana. This chapter culminates from a pilot that was done prior to an on-going study hinged on unison objectives. The indicative list of factors explaining the adoption of EDRMS might explain the global perception of ICTs in the public sector in Botswana. The limitation of the study is that its sample space may not be representative of the actual situation in Botswana's public sector given the heterogeneity in different line ministries and departments. Therefore, the results from this study might not guarantee statistical generalizations. The chapter is hinged on extensive literature reviews compounded by anecdotal evidence. This focus is novel because it aims to understand adoption and usage of ICT platforms by employees. Other research endeavours have probed citizens' and businesses' adoption of ICTs before considering institutional and employees' readiness hence investigating macro factors influencing technology adoption.

scholarly journals ‘Ai Theory of Justice’: Using Rawlsian Approaches to Legislate Better on Machine Learning in Government

Amicus Curiae ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-360
Author(s):  
Jamie Grace ◽  
Roxanne Bamford
Keyword(s):  
Artificial Intelligence ◽  
Machine Learning ◽  
Big Data ◽  
John Rawls ◽  
Data Analytics ◽  
The Public ◽  
Theory Of Justice ◽  
Big Data Technologies ◽  
Applications Of Machine Learning

Policymaking is increasingly being informed by ‘big data’ technologies of analytics, machine learning and artificial intelligence (AI). John Rawls used particular principles of reasoning in his 1971 book, A Theory of Justice, which might help explore known problems of data bias, unfairness, accountability and privacy, in relation to applications of machine learning and AI in government. This paper will investigate how the current assortment of UK governmental policy and regulatory developments around AI in the public sector could be said to meet, or not meet, these Rawlsian principles, and what we might do better by incorporating them when we respond legislatively to this ongoing challenge. This paper uses a case study of data analytics and machine-learning regulation as the central means of this exploration of Rawlsian thinking in relation to the redevelopment of algorithmic governance.

scholarly journals Vietnamese cultural diplomacy and the enhancement of Vietnam's soft power - A case study of Vietnamese cultural diplomacy towards ASEAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thu Thi Dang Mai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
English Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Analysis

<p>The idea of soft power has emerged since the beginning years of the 21st century and it has caught attention of many scholars and political leaders of the world. Cultural diplomacy is an instrument utilized by governments to attract the governments and the public of other countries, especially through cultural activities. Studies on soft power and cultural diplomacy have been carried out in different countries such as the United States (the U.S.), China, Japan, South Korea, India, Canada, Australia and so on. However, there are not many works on soft power and cultural diplomacy of small country like Vietnam in both Vietnamese and English literature. This thesis attempts to provide a more in-depth analysis on how Vietnam has carried out its cultural diplomacy in order to enhance its soft power in Asia. The thesis sets up a framework for the analysis of Vietnam’s soft power and cultural diplomacy with theories in international relations as well as with examples from the United States, China, Japan and South Korea. In the next parts, Vietnam’s soft power and cultural diplomacy will be analyzed in specific details. Vietnamese cultural diplomacy towards ASEAN will also be discussed in the last part of the thesis as a case study for a better understanding of Vietnam’s soft power and cultural diplomacy in general.</p>

THE DISRUPTED RHYTHM OF PUBLIC SPACES UNDER THE COVID-19 LOCKDOWN: A CASE STUDY FROM MUMBAI METROPOLITAN REGION

Ensemble ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol SP-1 (1) ◽  
pp. 54-59
Author(s):  
Sanjukta Sattar ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
World Wide ◽  
Public Life ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Metropolitan Region ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Local Road

The COVID-19 pandemic has paralyzed public life world-wide. The need for maintaining physical/social distance has led to a change in the order and nature of human activities across public spaces. As a result, the usual rhythm of activities in public spaces has come to be disrupted. Taking this into consideration, the study delves into the disrupted rhythm of the urban public spaces under the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic and the consequently imposed lockdown. By adopting a case study-based approach, an in-depth analysis has been carried out to comprehend the change in the daily rhythm of a local road in the wake of the pandemic and lockdown. Lefebvre’s technique of ‘rhythmanalysis’ has been applied to carry out this study, as it is highly suited in studying the flow of everyday life in a spatiotemporal context. The article traces the change in the rhythm of activities in the study area during the pandemic and lockdown in comparison to the usual rhythm of activities that existed in the area before the pandemic. The findings of the study reveal that the pandemic has taken a toll on the study area, where the pre-existing rhythm of the public space has been overtaken by a disrupted rhythm that has given rise to chaos and confusion.

scholarly journals Customer Analysis Using Machine Learning Algorithms: A Case Study Using Banking Consumer Dataset

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Siva Subramanian ◽  
D. Prabha ◽  
B. Maheswari ◽  
J. Aswini
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Time Complexity ◽  
Consumer Satisfaction ◽  
Machine Learning Algorithms ◽  
High Position ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Customer Analysis ◽  
Wise Decision ◽  
Consumer Data

The aim of each enterprise is to achieve high revenue from the business and to stay in a high position from their competitors. To archive high revenue and high position from competitors the need of understanding the business consumers is a crucial one. However the firm business is completely dependent on the consumers the efficient analysis of consumers within the enterprises makes to achieve the business to high position. To perform effective consumer analysis, in this study different machine learning is studied and experimented. ML classifiers make to understand in-depth analysis about the consumer data and further enables to plan wise decision strategies to enhance the business revenue and consumer satisfaction intelligently. The use of different ML classifiers is to sort out how the customer prediction outcome changes accordingly to the ML classifier is applied. This makes to find the best ML classifier for the consumer dataset applied in this study. The experimental procedure is performed using different ML classifiers and the outcome achieved is captured and projected using various validity scores. This work applies different ML classifiers like K-NN, C4.5, Random Forest, Random Tree, LR, MLP and NB for customer analysis. The empirical results illustrate the C4.5 model achieves better accuracy prediction compare to other ML classifiers and also compared with the time complexity NB model works efficiently with running time.

Government Drafting and Handling of Legislation

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meg Russell ◽  
Daniel Gover
Keyword(s):  
Agenda Setting ◽  
Policy Formulation ◽  
Civil Servants ◽  
Legislative Process ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Public Record

This chapter provides an in-depth analysis of the government’s role in the Westminster legislative process, drawing both from the public record and interviews with insiders. It demonstrates that government is more responsive to parliament than is often assumed. The chapter begins by explaining some of the key contributors to the process inside government—including ministers, civil servants, and government lawyers. It provides a summary of the limited literature on these actors, and more generally on government’s role in the process. It summarizes the pre-parliamentary development of the 12 case study bills, including ‘agenda setting’ ‘policy formulation’, and legislative drafting. It also discusses government’s role during the parliamentary stages. It emphasizes that throughout the process government is mindful of parliament’s likely response (‘anticipated reactions’), which creates hidden forms of parliamentary power. It also discusses the sources of government amendments, showing that these are often driven by parliamentary concerns.

scholarly journals Vietnamese cultural diplomacy and the enhancement of Vietnam's soft power - A case study of Vietnamese cultural diplomacy towards ASEAN

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Thu Thi Dang Mai
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Soft Power ◽  
Cultural Diplomacy ◽  
English Literature ◽  
The United States ◽  
Political Leaders ◽  
The Public ◽  
Depth Analysis

<p>The idea of soft power has emerged since the beginning years of the 21st century and it has caught attention of many scholars and political leaders of the world. Cultural diplomacy is an instrument utilized by governments to attract the governments and the public of other countries, especially through cultural activities. Studies on soft power and cultural diplomacy have been carried out in different countries such as the United States (the U.S.), China, Japan, South Korea, India, Canada, Australia and so on. However, there are not many works on soft power and cultural diplomacy of small country like Vietnam in both Vietnamese and English literature. This thesis attempts to provide a more in-depth analysis on how Vietnam has carried out its cultural diplomacy in order to enhance its soft power in Asia. The thesis sets up a framework for the analysis of Vietnam’s soft power and cultural diplomacy with theories in international relations as well as with examples from the United States, China, Japan and South Korea. In the next parts, Vietnam’s soft power and cultural diplomacy will be analyzed in specific details. Vietnamese cultural diplomacy towards ASEAN will also be discussed in the last part of the thesis as a case study for a better understanding of Vietnam’s soft power and cultural diplomacy in general.</p>

scholarly journals Competitiveness, Intelligence and Sustainability in Consolidated Destinations

Tourism ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 281-299
Author(s):  
Ana Belén Ramón-Rodríguez ◽  
María Jesús Such-Devesa ◽  
José Francisco Perles-Ribes ◽  
Luis Moreno-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycles ◽  
Scientific Review ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
Depth Analysis ◽  
Tourism Activity ◽  
High Level ◽  
Made In

Competitiveness, sustainability and innovation have been studied by the tourism literature at least since the 1990s. In spite of the advances made in the comprehension of these concepts, the dynamic nature of the industry continually generates new practical challenges for the public and private agents of the sector and scientific challenges for tourism researchers. Currently, globalization and digital progress, the emergence of new marketing platforms, the increased saturation of certain destinations and the COVID-19 pandemic are significantly affecting the competitiveness and sustainability of tourism activity. This calls for a scientific review of what we know about the competitiveness and sustainability of the sector and an analysis of its feasibility in this new competitive environment that is constantly and intensely transforming, even more so in the post-COVID19 era. The objective of this article is to conceptually analyze the state of this question, using Spain as a case study, as it has been the global leader in tourism competitiveness in recent years. The high level of consolidation of the Spanish tourism sector enables us to make a more in-depth analysis of the implications of these phenomena and to extract practical lessons for destinations that are in the more initial phases of their life cycles.

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