Working towards integrated client-oriented care and services: A qualitative study of the perceptions of Finnish health and social care professionals

Introduction Client orientation is an essential principle that underlines the delivery of high-quality health and social care. Despite this, little is known about how the health and social care professionals perceive this principle. The aim of this qualitative study was to describe the integrated perceptions of health and social care professionals of client orientation and the requirements for competencies and care and service systems. Methods The 29 participants were Finnish health and social care professionals and the data were collected with asynchronous online discussions in a closed Internet-based group from November 2017 to January 2018 and analysed with inductive content analysis. Results Client orientation was a core value in health and social care and services due to the humane approach required and the client's rights and responsibilities. It also required the professionals to have specific competencies and collaborate. The system elements that supported client orientation were an integrating and responsive service system, service availability and accessibility, guidance, leadership, resources and the effective use of technology. Discussion Professionals need additional training and structural support from their organizations if they were to deliver efficient, flexible, high-quality client-oriented health and social care and services.

Communication in a Multicultural Virtual Environment for Modern Slovak Students

The necessity of establishing intercultural communication skills in children and young people is growing in the modern world. Expanding, extending the openness and accessibility of the Internet area, where diverse people with varied ideas, interests, and aspirations meet, plays a significant role in this process. Todays youth are aptly referred to as digital aborigines, as they navigate the multicultural internet environment with ease, actively using modern technology that have already become a part of their daily lives. The goal of this study is to investigate the setting of an online multicultural environment from the perspective of Slovak university students, as well as to identify and analyze current problems that university students can see in online discussions about other cultures. A structured interview was used as the primary research approach. The results provide Slovak students perspective on the six most common topics that resonate in connection with different cultures on the current Internet: (1) concerns about ones own safety due to differences of others; (2) misinformation on the Internet regarding the difference of others; (3) cognitive prejudice; (4) religious prejudices; (5) exaggeration; and (6) influencing audience emotions. This paper holds the view that modern young people should develop not only the ability to navigate in virtual reality, but also make daily personal efforts to overcome personal barriers and develop intercultural media literacy, which the authors define as the ability to acquire, in addition to digital competencies, intercultural understanding skills and apply these skills in practice in the process of communication in the Internet environment.

Comparison of Machine Learning and Sentiment Analysis in Detection of Suspicious Online Reviewers on Different Type of Data

The article focuses on solving an important problem of detecting suspicious reviewers in online discussions on social networks. We have concentrated on a special type of suspicious authors, on trolls. We have used methods of machine learning for generation of detection models to discriminate a troll reviewer from a common reviewer, but also methods of sentiment analysis to recognize the sentiment typical for troll’s comments. The sentiment analysis can be provided also using machine learning or lexicon-based approach. We have used lexicon-based sentiment analysis for its better ability to detect a dictionary typical for troll authors. We have achieved Accuracy = 0.95 and F1 = 0.80 using sentiment analysis. The best results using machine learning methods were achieved by support vector machine, Accuracy = 0.986 and F1 = 0.988, using a dataset with the set of all selected attributes. We can conclude that detection model based on machine learning is more successful than lexicon-based sentiment analysis, but the difference in accuracy is not so large as in F1 measure.

Argumentation and Incivility in Online Forums: The Case of Discussing Colorism

Conversation argument theory is used to analyze seven online discussions of colorism, a form of skin tone prejudice. Discussants’ comments (N = 587) expressed ad hominem acts (17%), reasoning activities (59%) and delimitors (e.g., addressed objections, 37%). Unlike general forums confrontation-initiated forums had more ad hominem acts. Posts with compared to posts without ad hominem acts had fewer reasoning activities and delimitors. General colorism forums were the most civil and developed, findings that have implications for designing online forums.

Measuring Polarization in Online Debates

Social networks can be a very successful tool to engage users to discuss relevant topics for society. However, there are also some dangers that are associated with them, such as the emergence of polarization in online discussions. Recently, there has been a growing interest to try to understand this phenomenon, as some consider that this can be harmful concerning the building of a healthy society in which citizens get used to polite discussions and even listening to opinions that may be different from theirs. In this work, we face the problem of defining a precise measure that can quantify in a meaningful way the level of polarization present in an online discussion. We focus on the Reddit social network, given that its primary focus is to foster discussions, in contrast to other social networks that have some other uses. Our measure is based on two different characteristics of an online discussion: the existence of a balanced bipartition of the users of the discussion, where one partition contains mainly users in agreement (regarding the topic of the discussion) and the other users in disagreement, and the degree of negativity of the sentiment of the interactions between these two groups of users. We discuss how different characteristics of the discussions affect the value of our polarization measure, and we finally perform an empirical evaluation over different sets of Reddit discussions about diverse classes of topics. Our results seem to indicate that our measure can capture differences in the polarization level of different discussions, which can be further understood when analyzing the values of the different factors used to define the measure.

POMACS V5, N3, December 2021 Editorial

The ACM Proceedings of the ACM on Measurement and Analysis of Computing Systems (POMACS) focuses on the measurement and performance evaluation of computer systems and operates in close collaboration with the ACM Special Interest Group SIGMETRICS. All papers in this issue of POMACS will be presented during the ACM SIGMETRICS/Performance 2022 conference. The issue contains papers selected by the editorial board via a rigorous review process that follows a hybrid conference and journal model, with reviews conducted by the 93 members of our POMACS editorial board. Each paper was either conditionally accepted (and shepherded), allowed a "one-shot" revision (to be resubmitted to one of the subsequent two deadlines), or rejected (with resubmission allowed after a year). For this issue, which represents the summer deadline, POMACS publishes 17 papers out of 71 submissions. All submitted papers received at least 3 reviews and we held an online TPC meeting. Based on the indicated primary track, roughly 37% of the submissions were in the Theory track, 30% were in the Measurement & Applied Modeling track, 20% were in the Systems track, and 14% were in the Learning track. Many people contributed to the success of this issue of POMACS. First, we would like to thank the authors, who submitted their best work to SIGMETRICS/POMACS. Second, we would like to thank the TPC members who provided constructive feedback in their reviews to authors and participated in the online discussions and TPC meetings. We also thank the several external reviewers who provided their expert opinion on specific submissions that required additional input. We are also grateful to the SIGMETRICS Board Chair, Giuliano Casale, and to past TPC Chairs, Anshul Gandhi, Negar Kiyavash, and Jia Wang, who provided a wealth of information and guidance (including a template for writing this editorial note!). Finally, we are grateful to the Organization Committee and to the SIGMETRICS Board for their ongoing efforts and initiatives for creating an exciting program for ACM SIGMETRICS/Performance 2022.

Leftover Consumption as a Means of Food Waste Reduction in Public Space? Qualitative Insights from Online Discussions

A considerable amount of food is discarded in canteens every day. This waste has created a countermovement, where groups of mainly students purposefully choose to eat other consumers’ plate leftovers instead of buying fresh meals. This phenomenon highlights two opposing narratives: leftovers as food waste versus leftovers as edible food resources. Using a thematic analysis, we investigated 1579 comments from German news sites and their corresponding Facebook sites related to this countermovement. Thereby, we aim to better understand what consumers associate with the consumption of other consumers’ plate leftovers. Our study demonstrates that the consumption of plate leftovers is shaped by the regulatory, normative, and cultural-cognitive system. Furthermore, associations with the consumption of plate leftovers depend on whether this food decision is perceived as a collective or individual consumer decision. From a consumer movement perspective, food leftover consumption is associated with a sense of community and food waste reduction for idealistic or environmental and social reasons. From an individual consumer behavior perspective, food leftover consumption is associated with satisfying hunger but considered a threat to health and social order. Our findings can inspire food service organizations to develop targeted interventions for plate leftover reduction.

PELATIHAN DALAM PENGGUNAAN INFORMED CONSENT PADA FASILITAS PELAYANAN KESEHATAN

ABSTRAKKegiatan Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat ini bertujuan untuk meningkatkan kualitas pelayanan kesehatan melalui pemahaman penggunaan informed consent. Kegiatan ini diawali dengan penilaian awal kondisi terkini di lapangan di fasilitas pelayanan kesehatan melalui petugas kesehatan/kader kesehatan dan warga. Asesmen awal menemukan masih kurangnya pengetahuan masyarakat tentang penanganan medis bagi pasien dan pengetahuan terkait penggunaan informed consent di fasilitas kesehatan terutama pada masa pandemi Covid-19 saat ini, fokus pelayanan kesehatan masih berpusat pada kesehatan. protokol atau jarak fisik. Kegiatan diawali dengan penyusunan rencana dan jadwal kegiatan serta perlengkapan yang diperlukan. Pelaksanaan kegiatan dilakukan dengan memberikan penyuluhan dan pendampingan yang dikemas dalam bentuk materi dan video yang dibagikan melalui google drive secara serta diskusi secara online melalui grup WhatsApp. Kegiatan diakhiri dengan evaluasi menggunakan google form. Hasil kegiatan pengabdian masyarakat terdapat sebanyak 57,69% pemahaman warga dalam kategori baik, 26,92% cukup dan 15,38% kurang. Kegiatan berjalan dengan baik dan perlu pemantauan lebih lanjut. Kata kunci: tenaga kesehatan; pasien; informed consent. ABSTRACTThis Community Service activity aims to improve the quality of health services through understanding the use of informed consent. This activity begins with an initial assessment of the current state of the field in health care facilities through health workers/health cadres and residents. The initial assessment found that there was still a lack of public knowledge about medical treatment for patients and knowledge related to the use of informed consent in health facilities, especially during the current Covid-19 pandemic, the focus of health services is still centered on health protocols or physical distancing. The activity begins with preparing a plan and schedule of activities as well as the necessary equipment. The activities are carried out by providing counseling and assistance packaged in the form of materials and videos that are distributed via Google Drive as well as online discussions through WhatsApp groups. The activity ended with an evaluation using a google form. The results of community service activities there are as many as 57,69% of citizens' understanding in the good category, 26,92% sufficient and 15,38% less. Activities are going well and need further monitoring. Keywords: health worker; patient; informed consent