Obowiązek rejestracji prasy a postęp technologiczny

The aim of the article is to show the evolution of the requirements related to publishing the press and to define the directions of new legal changes. The current regulations are inadequate to the contemporary realities of the media market and communication possibilities. The obligation to register the press can be seen as a relaxed follow-up to the authoritarian or totalitarian regimes’ requirement to obtain a license to publish a journal or a periodical. Press registration would be a democratic alternative to obtaining a press license only if certain values supported it, including the interests of other persons and entities. Currently, such interests are secured by other regulations. The considerations of the courts and legal science focus on the possible contradiction of the current regulation on the registration of newspapers and magazines with the constitutional ban on licensing the press. However, it should be taken into account to a greater extent that the dissemination of the internet and computer hardware has made it more complicated to register a periodical than to start a simple press activity. Therefore, the obligation to register the press in its present form is unreasonable.

TRADE UNION REPRESENTATION OF EMPLOYEE INTERESTS AT THE WORKPLACE LEVEL

The article discusses trade union representation of employee interests at the workplace level. The author analyzes the structure of the company trade union organization, the facilitations in its functioning and the most important rights, including the right to collective bargaining. The analysis is the basis for assessing the current regulation and formulating conclusions for the future.

Is There a Need for the Prevented Damages of Extreme Necessity?

The article offers a brief substantive analysis of extreme necessity as a justifying circumstance under Bulgarian criminal law. In this sense, the normatively established requirements for legality of the act in case of extreme necessity are critically approached. The current regulation of extreme necessity is questioned in its part regarding the condition for success of the rescue act, which unreasonably limits its application and distinguishes it from other circumstances excluding public danger. On this basis, it is argued that de lege ferenda expands the scope of the institute by dropping the requirement for a successful outcome in Article 13 of the Bulgarian Criminal Code.

Courting controversy: Judges and the problems caused by extrajudicial speech

<p>This paper explores the problems for judicial impartiality that a judge’s extrajudicial speaking or writing on academic matters may create. Examples from New Zealand and abroad demonstrate such extrajudicial commentary may lead to a finding of apparent bias or require that a judge recuse himself from hearing a case. The current regulation of extrajudicial speech, as ascertained from judicial conduct codes and case law, provides that judges can speak and write extrajudicially on such matters but must exercise caution in the tone and language they use. The paper concludes that this is an appropriate approach and that a solution of judicial silence is undesirable. This conclusion is supported by empirical research conducted by the author which shows that the incidence of extrajudicial writing in New Zealand is low.</p>

Courting controversy: Judges and the problems caused by extrajudicial speech

<p>This paper explores the problems for judicial impartiality that a judge’s extrajudicial speaking or writing on academic matters may create. Examples from New Zealand and abroad demonstrate such extrajudicial commentary may lead to a finding of apparent bias or require that a judge recuse himself from hearing a case. The current regulation of extrajudicial speech, as ascertained from judicial conduct codes and case law, provides that judges can speak and write extrajudicially on such matters but must exercise caution in the tone and language they use. The paper concludes that this is an appropriate approach and that a solution of judicial silence is undesirable. This conclusion is supported by empirical research conducted by the author which shows that the incidence of extrajudicial writing in New Zealand is low.</p>