Plantas medicinais no tratamento de ansiedade e depressão: Uma revisão

Há uma grande diversidade de plantas no Brasil, e muitas delas, ao serem estudadas, apresentam elevado teor nutricional, presença de antioxidante, entre outras propriedades, podendo ter um potencial farmacológico significativo e consequentemente gerando aplicações em diversas áreas como saúde, cosmética e culinária. As plantas medicinais são usadas por grande parte da população mundial, como um recurso medicinal alternativo para o tratamento de diversas doenças, visto que em muitas comunidades, representam um recurso mais acessível em diversos sentidos em relação aos medicamentos alopáticos. Destaca-se a utilização das plantas medicinais para fins terapêuticos, em que muitas atividades biológicas conferidas às plantas foram demonstradas, dentre elas a ação no sistema nervoso central, sendo utilizadas para o tratamento e/ou prevenção de transtornos psicossociais como ansiedade e depressão. Sendo assim, o presente estudo tem como objetivo realizar uma revisão bibliográfica sobre as plantas medicinais mais utilizadas no tratamento da ansiedade e depressão. Verificou-se que nos tratamentos, as plantas medicinais e os fitoterápicos são vistos como uma alternativa viável para o tratamento dos quadros de ansiedade e depressão, visto que possuem menos efeitos colaterais. Sendo assim, a presente pesquisa revisou as espécies: Hypericum perforatum L.; Passiflora incarnata L.; Melissa Officinalis L.; Chamomilla recutita L.; Piper methysticum G.; Erythrina verna; Humulus lupulus L. e Crataegus oxyacantha L. Foi possível apresentar a efetividade de todas as espécies citadas, com as descrições encontradas em estudos da literatura.

Ubiquitous Usage of Over the Counter Medications in Pregnancy: Perspectives of Maternal Apprehensiveness

The World Health Organization delineates self-medication as the utilization of medications by individuals in search of treating symptoms or self-diagnosed health state. During pregnancy, drug utilization is complicated because of incomplete data as clinical trials frequently don't enclose pregnant women, with reference to benefits and implicit undesirable outcomes on both the mother and the foetus. Bestowed limited data on the variety of over the counter medications applicable, physi­cians seek to counsel pregnant women about implicit pitfalls, and it is beneficial to give information on entire over the counter medications the patient is receiving at the preconception visit and entire distinctive ordinary visits. Antacid that containing sodium bicarbonate can cause fluid buildup in the tissues if used during pregnancy redundantly. Hypericum perforatum is ordinarily not recommended in preg­nancy because of a dearth of human data and it perhaps antecedent miscarriage and it also escalates the birth deformities of fetus. Early aspirinusage at the time of conception or in the 1st several weeks of pregnancy does not escalate the pitfall of spontaneous abortion.

Analysis of Hypericum accessions by DNA fingerprinting and flow cytometry

Hypericum perforatum, H. umbellatum, H. maculatum, and H. hircinum accessions originating from botanical gardens across Europe were examined by flow cytometry and molecular markers. 2C DNA content of 17 Hypericum perforatum accessions (Hp) and the H. perforatum cultivar Topaz amounted to between 1.56 pg and 1.62 pg. In four Hp accessions some individual plants were found with a DNA content corresponding to 6Cx (2.34 - 2.39 pg). All plants of accession Hp8 showed a DNA content of 6Cx (2.41 pg). In root tips of Hp plants with an average DNA amount of 1.58 pg, 32 chromosomes were detected, corresponding to 2n = 4x. This is the first ploidy and/or DNA content report for H. umbellatum, H. maculatum and H. hircinum. H. umbellatum and H. maculatum, each contained 0.76 pg DNA and 16 chromosomes were counted. The 2C DNA content of H. hircinum was 1.00 pg with the best metaphase plate revealing 32 chromosomes. Additionally, a combined marker analysis, based on inter-simple sequence repeats (ISSR) and sequence related amplified polymorphism (SRAP), was conducted to gain a better understanding of diversity especially within the accessions of H. perforatum. A total of 27 (11 ISSR and 16 SRAP) primer combinations were screened, showing 699 bands, of which 661 were polymorphic. UPGMA clustering revealed that accessions from the same geographic area tended to be more closely related, while H. maculatum was grouped separately from all H. perforatum accessions. Both methods have shown similar sensitivities in detecting the genetic diversity of the analyzed genotypes. Our results may be useful for Hypericum breeding programs and the development of effective conservation strategies.

Spectral analyses of fresh and dry Hypericum perforatum L. Effects with colloidal nano silver 30 ppm

Spectral analyses of 1% water extracts of fresh and dry Hypericum perforatum L. and 1% dry H. perforatum with colloidal nano silver (NSPs) 30 ppm were conducted. The nano silver is standardised and patented by the Swiss company Evodrop. Non-equliblrium energy spectrum (NES) and Differential non-equliblrium energy spectrum (DNES) methods were used for the spectral analysis. A comparative analysis of 1% extracts of fresh and dry H. perforatum was performed in order to determine the local extremums for effects of nerve tissue conductivity at (-0.1112) eV, anti-inflammatory (-0.1212) eV, anti-tumor effects (-0.1387) eV. The results showed stimulating effect on the nervous system and improvement of nerve conduction (local extremums E=-0.1112 eV)(?=11.15 ?m) (?=897 cm-1), as well as anti-inflammatory effect (E = -0.1212 eV)( ?=10.23 ?m) (?=978 cm-1) and inhibition of development of tumor cells at a molecular level (E=-0.1387 eV) (?=8.95 ?m) (?=1117 cm-1). It was found that clusters of 16 and 15 water molecules are formed in the water herbal extracts of fresh H. perforatum and of dry H. perforatum with AgNPs 30 ppm. The fresh plant showed better results then the dry one. The addition of colloidal nano silver 30 ppm led to better results of the drug.

VITAMINS AND ALKALOIDS IN SOME MEDICINAL PLANTS (ACHILLEA MILLEFOLIUM L., CAPPARIS SPINOSA L., HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L.) AND THEIR EFFECTS ON HUMAN HEALTH

This article provides information on the morpho-physiological characteristics, chemical composition, especially the amount of alkaloids and vitamins, and their function in the body, as well as thorn bushes, hole field, yarrow plants, which are considered medicinal plants.The article deals with the botanical and morpho-physiological characteristics of the plant Achillea Millefolium L., one of the medicinal plants used in scientific medicine, systematics, some biologically active substances in the chemical composition, especially vitamins and alkaloids, their function in the body and their role in human health. details are given.The following article describes the role of Capparis spinosa L. in modern taxonomy, its distribution, the structure and properties of the most common alkaloids and vitamins in the plant, and its biochemical functions in the human body.The article concludes with a detailed description of the morpho-physiological characteristics of the plant Hypericum Perforatum L., its chemical composition, especially the amount of alkaloids and vitamins and their function in the body and their role in human health.

EFFECTS OF CERTAIN ALKALOIDS FOUND IN THE HYPERICUM PERFORATUM L PLANT ON HUMAN HEALTH

This article provides detailed information on the morpho-physiological characteristics, chemical composition, especially the amount of alkaloids and their function in the body and their role in human health, as one of the medicinal plants Hypericum Perforatum L.