Latent lip print: A comparative study of developers

Identification of a person is of paramount importance in a medico-legal investigation. At present more and more people use protecting lipsticks and permanent lipsticks. With these lipsticks a latent lip print is generated by contact with a surface and, like with the latent fingerprints occur, this latent lip print can be developed. This study aims to retrieve latent lip prints from various inanimate surfaces like thermocoal plate, bone china, and glass to compare the efficacy of developers i.e., fingerprint powder, Sudan III, Vermillion, and its comparison with standard lipstick prints. Current research assesses the effectiveness of particular surfaces in the retrieval of lip print in personnel identification. This study included a total of 30 subjects. Latent lip print was developed on the different inanimate surfaces by pressing the lips against the different vehicles. After collecting samples, a camel hair brush was used to retrieve all three chemicals individually by simply tapping on all three surfaces. Application of chemicals was continued until the print became clearly visible for the study. Developed latent lip print was then compared with the visible lip print. Subsequently, a standard lipstick print was developed from the same subject. All the samples were coded and graded according to the patterns suggested in the literature. Discrete (categorical) data were summarized in number and percentage and compared by chi-square (χ2) test. Analyses were performed on SPSS software (Windows version 17.0).: The overall (i.e., total of all three surfaces) favourable outcome was found highest in Fingerprint powder (58.9%) followed by Sudan III (28.9%) and Vermilion (10.0%) the least (Vermilion < Sudan III < Fingerprint powder).Comparing the overall outcomes of three developers, χ2 test showed significantly different and higher favourable outcome in Fingerprint powder as compared to both Sudan III and Vermilion (χ2=92.09, p<0.001) The study found Fingerprint powder the best developer and Thermocol plate the best surface. The findings of this study may be beneficial for investigators.

Comorbidities and laboratory parameters associated with SARS-CoV-2 infection severity in patients from the southeast of Mexico: a cross-sectional study

Background. Severe acute respiratory syndrome-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is the etiological agent of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Among the risk factors associated with the severity of this disease is the presence of several metabolic disorders. For this reason, the aim of this research was to identify the comorbidities and laboratory parameters among COVID-19 patients admitted to the intensive care unit (ICU), comparing the patients who required invasive mechanical ventilation (IMV) with those who did not require IMV, in order to determine the clinical characteristics associated with the COVID-19 severity. Methods. We carried out a cross-sectional study among 152 patients who were admitted to the ICU from April 1st to July 31st, 2021, in whom the comorbidities and laboratory parameters associated with the SARS-CoV-2 infection severity were identified. The data of these patients was grouped into two main groups: “patients who required IMV” and “patients who did not require IMV”. The nonparametric Mann–Whitney U test for continuous data and the χ2 test for categorical data were used to compare the variables between both groups. Results. Of the 152 COVID-19 patients who were admitted to the ICU, 66 required IMV and 86 did not require IMV. Regarding the comorbidities found in these patients, a higher prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension and obesity was observed among patients who required IMV vs. those who did not require IMV (p<0.05). Concerning laboratory parameters, only glucose, Interleukin 6 (IL-6), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and C-reactive protein (CRP) were significantly higher among patients who required IMV than in those who did not require IMV (p<0.05). Conclusion. This study performed in a Mexican population indicates that comorbidities such as: T2DM, hypertension and obesity, as well as elevated levels of glucose, IL-6, LDH and CRP are associated with the COVID-19 severity.

PENERAPAN k-MODES CLUSTERING DENGAN VALIDASI DUNN INDEX PADA PENGELOMPOKAN KARAKTERISTIK CALON TKI MENGGUNAKAN R-GUI

Prospective TKI workers who apply for passports at the Immigration Office Class I Non TPI Pati have countries destinations and choose different PPTKIS agencies. Therefore, the grouping of characteristics prospective TKI needed so that can be used as a reference for the government in an effort to improve the protection of TKI in destination countries and carry out stricter supervision of PPTKIS who manage TKI. The purpose of this research is to classify the characteristics of prospective TKI workers with the optimal number of clusters. The method used is k-Modes Clustering with values of k = 2, 3, 4, and 5. This method can agglomerate categorical data. The optimal number of clusters can be determined using the Dunn Index. For grouping data easily, then compiled a Graphical User Interface (GUI) based application with RStudio. Based on the analysis, the optimal number of clusters is two clusters with a Dunn Index value of 0,4. Cluster 1 consists of mostly male TKI workers (51,04%), aged ≥ 20 years old (91,93%), with the destination Malaysia country (47%), and choosing PPTKIS Surya Jaya Utama Abadi (37,51%), while cluster 2, mostly of male TKI workers (94,10%), aged ≥ 20 years old (82,31%), with the destination Korea Selatan country (77,95%), and choosing PPTKIS BNP2TKI (99,78%).

Analysis of intraoperative findings with clinico-pathological features in appendicitis-an observational study

Background: Appendectomy is the most common abdominal surgery performed today. Appendicitis consists of vast spectrum ranging from acute to chronic to recurrent forms however existence of recurrent and chronic appendicitis is still doubted by many. In spite of various scoring systems and appendectomy being the ultimate treatment, its timing remains still controversial especially in chronic and recurrent variants of appendicitis.Methods: A total of 100 consecutive cases of suspected appendicitis who were admitted investigated and treated at our centre were taken up for this observational study. Data pertaining to clinical, operative and histopathological findings were collected and tabulated. Mean and SD were used for continuous data and for categorical data, frequency and percentages were calculated. A chi-square test was used for categorical data to find statistical significance.Results: Per operatively the appendix appeared non-inflamed in 57% of patients suggestive of chronic (recurrent) form and inflamed in 43% of patients suggestive of an acute form of appendicitis. The histopathological studies revealed chronic inflammatory cells in 63% of the resected specimens, suggestive of chronic appendicitis and acute inflammatory cells in 37% of the specimens, suggestive of acute appendicitis.Conclusions: We conclude that the correlation of clinical findings, operative findings and the histopathological findings correlate with one another (p<0.001). The surgeon’s clinical and operative findings have specificity of around 87.30% and 90.47% respectively. Hence the diagnostic accuracy of the surgeon is directly dependent on the surgeons’ expertise and there is no substitution for an experienced surgeon’s judgement.

Clinical genetics laboratories use divergent demographic frameworks across countries: comparing data structures for race, ethnicity, and ancestry on test requisition forms

Purpose. The goal of this study is to investigate how population groups are represented on requisition forms for clinical genetic testing in different laboratories. Methods. Clinical laboratory test requisition forms (RFs) were obtained from 70 laboratories in the US, Canada, Europe, and Australia. Details about the laboratories and how RFs represent patient demographics were extracted and analyzed for trends between forms in the U.S. (N=213) and other countries (N=203). Results. Clinical genetics laboratories included in the analysis vary widely regarding the format of demographic data collected on test requisition forms. US-based laboratory RFs are more likely than those from other countries to include race or ethnicity. These are most often represented as categorical data, with multiple-choice options. RFs from laboratories in other countries do not include race, and those that include ethnicity most often provide a blank space for open-ended responses. Conclusions. These results are consistent with existing research on heterogeneity in the nomenclature and number of categories used to describe patient populations across clinical genetics laboratories in the US. It also suggests systemic differences in the way measures of diversity are conceptualized in the US compared to other countries.