Cultural Images of Labor Conflict and Coordination Literature and the Evolution of Industrial Relations Systems

Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands have different historical patterns of industrialization, but developed similar patterns of industrial coordination and cooperation. Theories accounting for industrial relations systems (economic structure, power resources, and party/electoral systems) have difficulty accounting for the similarities among these cases. Therefore, we explore the historical depictions of labor appearing in literature to evaluate whether cross-national distinctions in cultural conceptions of labor have some correspondence to distinctions between coordinated and liberal industrial relations systems. We hypothesize that historical literary depictions of labor are associated with the evolution of industrial systems, and apply computational text analyses to large corpora of literary texts. We find that countries (Denmark, Sweden and the Netherlands) with coordinated, corporatist industrial relations in the 20th century share similar cultural constructions about labor relations dating back to at least 1770. Literary depictions found in modern coordinated/corporatist countries are significantly different from those found in Britain, a country with liberal/pluralist industrial relations systems. The research has significance for our understanding of the role of culture in the evolution of modern political economies.

Justice for the Menopause: A Research Agenda

Menopause is defined by its relationship to menstruation––it is the cessation of menstruation. Medical texts identify menopause as part of the cycle of “decay” associated with female reproductive functions; early menopause is often a dreaded result of various medical treatments and a sign of disfunction. It turns out that only three types of animals experience menopause: killer whales, short-finned pilot whales, and humans, while other animals can reproduce until death. Although the precise relationship between evolutionary theory and the physical development of human menopause is still uncertain, scientists and anthropologists suggest that the “grandmother hypothesis” provides a partial explanation: older women, who can no longer produce their own children, ensure their genetic legacy by playing a critical role in helping to feed, raise, and nurture their grandchildren. The average woman will spend almost as many years “post-menopause” as they will menstruating, and they may spend four years (or more) experiencing perimenopausal symptoms, the transition time between “normal” menstruation and menopause. But legal issues relating to perimenopause, menopause, and post-menopause are just beginning to surface, prompted by the movement towards menstrual justice, feminist jurisprudence, and developments in the law of aging. This Essay is an initial effort to catalogue various legal approaches to menopause and to set out areas for further analysis. It briefly explores cultural images of menopause and post-menopausal women, including the ubiquitous hot flashes; analyzes potential legal claims for menopausal justice; and suggests the interrelationship between such approaches and social attitudes towards menopause. It suggests that “normalizing” menopause––acknowledging its realities––is one means for removing the associated stigma and “disabilities” and might result in reinterpreting existing laws and guiding future legal reforms.

DESAIN PRODUK FESYEN AKSESORIS DENGAN MENGANGKAT BUDAYA LOKAL KALIMANTAN TIMUR

Indonesia consists of so many islands and provinces, as well as diverse cultures ranging from Sabang to Merauke. Various cultures that exist in Indonesia, are still preserved by the people who live and live in the area from the past until now as traditions and ancestral heritage that must be preserved. The culture of East Kalimantan is one of the local cultures in Indonesia with distinctive characteristics, namely the culture of the Dayak tribe and the culture of Kutai Kartanegara. In this modern era, many have left the cultural heritage of their ancestors which has become the hallmark of a local identity that exists in Indonesia, especially the East Kalimantan Province. Fashion accessories products are one of the media that can lead the general public to introduce the culture in East Kalimantan with designs that apply elements of local cultural images typical of East Kalimantan. The purpose of designing this fashion accessory product is to pass on a local culture, especially in the East Kalimantan area, which is applied in the form of fashion accessories product media. The research method uses qualitative and quantitative research methods in collecting data. In the analysis there are accessories in the form of needs analysis for fashion products, cultural analysis, shape analysis, glasses system analysis, watch system analysis, bracelet system analysis, material analysis, color analysis, and market analysis. The results of this study are eyewear products with the application of blowpipe shapes, watches products with the application of the Dayak Tribe carving motifs, and products with the application of a combination form of Lembuswana, Hudoq, and Naga Erau.

Teatro di suoni per l’attaccamento ai luoghi. Uno sguardo geografico

Body is our access key to places: the medium that allow us to possess, belong, and identify ourselves in places. Body remembers places, mediating the twoway relationship between abstract and physical, social and mental, individual and collective perspectives. Body expresses different cultural images of societies: going through social space and making the collective experience possible. Each body is indeed a “place” in which social and political constructions take shape. The paper considers body as the starting and the ending point of the reflection, presenting a circular path for reconstructing the relationship with places through sounds. The research questions shall be as follows: when body experiences the space of theater, which geographies come to life? how does sound affect this process, developing the sense of attachment to places? why is this important – for both individuals and places?

REPRESENTATION OF GENDER CULTURAL IMAGES OF THE XX CENTURY: ON THE EXAMPLE OF SHYMKENT CITY

At present, the study of "gender" is a young direction for Kazakhstani science. Today, the role of men and women in the concept of gender in society, their role and associated social trends are becoming more and more important. The article summarizes the cultural monuments of Shymkent, in particular sculptures, monuments, installations, exhibits and performances of the Turkestan Regional Museum of Local Lore, photographs of the Central State Archive of Turkestan, a general image of gender images in the film. Attempts have been made to demonstrate the scientific potential of these cultural monuments. The history of women in the region, their role in society, and social activity were also described. The role of family values for city residents, the level of preservation of traditions are indicated. The issues of urban agglomeration and urbanization were also considered. Trends in the development of Shymkent today. Trends in the development of culture in a modern city, new institutions and buildings that reflect the values of culture. Historical tone and harmony of ideas and inspirations that motivate the work of decorating cities with modernity. The connection between the image and the image of a Shymkent woman with the present day, the evolution of development and her place in the memory of society are revealed.

“If you want to be classy, have Yugoclass.” Postmodern Cultural Images of Josip Broz Tito

The article deals with internet memes related to the person of the socialist leader of Yugoslavia, Josip Broz Tito. For purposes of our research, we define internet meme as conventionalized text-iconic composition, built on a basis of a specific scheme. In intentions of contemporary narratology we also consider it as a text of its kind and its creating, reproduction, transformation and reading process – as a special discursive activity. Based on analysing the primary material occurring and spreading on internet, we provide a typology of the representations of Tito from a narratological and semiotic point of view, and regarding its function in current discourse on socialist Yugoslavia. We focus mainly on cultural meanings generated by this meme culture, its relation to the narratives formed in the context of official and unofficial representations of the leader during the socialist era and to a wider context of contemporary popular culture. Pursuant to the analysis, we try to follow the features of postmodern cultural images of the socialist Yugoslavia and its leader, and relation of these narratives to nostalgic and social-critical attitudes in the contemporary world.

CULTURAL EROSION AND CULTURAL MEMORY IN TAUFIQ RAFAT’S ARRIVAL OF THE MONSOON

Purpose of the study: This study focuses on analyzing and locating the cultural images and the elements which present the idea of cultural erosion, and with the lens of cultural memory evokes the idea of identity, and nostalgia in Taufiq Rafat’s poetry. Methodology: This research is qualitative in design. To explore the concepts of cultural memory and cultural erosion Purposive sampling is used for the selection of the poems. For analysis, textual and descriptive methods of analysis are used. Jan Assmann's (cultural theorist and archaeologist) theory of cultural memory serves as a theoretical framework for this study. Main Findings: From the analysis, it is explored that Rafat’s poetry discerns the concepts of cultural erosion and cultural memory. In the majority of his poems, few dominant images are used repeatedly to strengthen the notion of memory and yearning for the past such as time (clock), the flow of time which is fleeting and nontransient. He not only laments on cultural erosion but also keeps his personal and social memories, traditions, ancient civilizations, rituals, and objects alive so that they could be transferred to the next generations to establish mnemonics. Applications of the study: This research may be beneficial to those studying Anthropology, Culture Studies, History, South Asian Literature, and Sociology. Furthermore, the interpretation of major symbols and images related to the culture, and history which evoke cultural memory, and erosion will pave the way for the deconstruction of symbols in poetry. The novelty of the study: Rafat’s poetry is enriched with natural and romantic images, the depiction of beauty and culture about which many studies are available. The significance of this study lies in the fact that the concept of cultural memory from his poems has been evoked and analyzed.

Cross-cultural effects on graphical password memorability and design

Purpose This study aims to examine the impact of cultural familiarity with images on the memorability of recognition-based graphical password (RBG-P). Design/methodology/approach The researchers used a between-group design with two groups of 50 participants from China and the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, using a webtool and two questionnaires to test two hypotheses in a four-week long study. Findings The results showed that culture has significant effects on RBG-P memorability, including both recognition and recall of images. It was also found that the login success rate depreciated quickly as time progressed, which indicates the memory decay and its effects on the visual memory. Research limitations/implications Collectively, these results can be used to design universal RBG-Ps with maximal password deflection points. For better cross-cultural designs, designers must allow users from different cultures to personalize their image selections based on their own cultures. Practical implications The RBG-P interfaces developed without consideration for users’ cultures may lead to the construction of passwords that are difficult to memorize and easy to attack. Thus, the incorporation of cultural images is indispensable for improving the authentication posture. Social implications The development of RBG-P with cultural considerations will make it easy for the user population to remember the password and make it more expensive for the intruder to attack. Originality/value This study provides an insight for RBG-P developers to produce a graphical password platform that increases the memorability factor.