Social Repercussion of Translocating a Jaguar in Brazil

The translocation of “problem-animals” is a common non-lethal strategy to deal with human-wildlife conflict. While processes of wildlife translocation have been widely documented, little is known about the social repercussions that take place once the capture and the return of a problem-animal to its natural habitat fail and it has to be permanently placed in captivity. We investigated how the public, an important stakeholder in wildlife conservation, perceived the translocation of a female jaguar to a wildlife captivity center. The objectives were to (1) assess the public's perceptions (e.g., attitudes, emotions, awareness) toward the jaguar and its translocation process, and (2) how these psychological constructs are related. We used the social media profiles of the three institutions involved in the process (one responsible for the jaguar rescues, one that supported its recovery, and the one responsible for the jaguar's final destination) and analyzed the comments left by their followers on posts related to the jaguar and the translocation itself during 25 days. A total of 287 comments were analyzed through coding, a categorizing strategy of qualitative analysis; 33 codes were identified. Results showed high admiration for the work done, positive attitudes and emotions, and concern toward the animal. Lack of awareness about the translocation process was high, with comments of curiosity toward the situation being one of the most commonly found. To a lesser extent, people felt sad for the jaguar not being able to return to the wild and criticized the need for translocation. Admiration for the work had a strong relation with gratitude and broader positive perceptions toward the jaguar's story. Criticism related to concern, which was also related to a need for more information and curiosity. Our findings suggest that the public who engaged with those institutions through their Instagram accounts were grateful for seeing the jaguar safe, but were not aware of the complexity of the operation nor about the nature of the conflict with farmers. The public can either reinforce a particular action or jeopardize an entire operation, depending on their perceptions of the matter. In the case of this jaguar, the public held a positive view; however, we acknowledge the limitations of our sample and recommend further analyses of social repercussions among people who are not followers of these organizations. Furthermore, we recommend engaging other stakeholders to fully understand the human dimensions of translocating this jaguar. Finally, for social acceptance, we highlight the importance of transparency and reliability of the organizations operating the translocation.

A Way to Europe: New Refugees’ Migration Patterns Revealed

The final destination country for refugees heading to Europe may be a changing one depending on various factors, such as the relocation program at the EU level, their ability to make decisions, geographic factors, finances, available routes, visa options, networks, chance, labor markets, etc., but for many of them their choices are limited. The purpose of this paper is to show how refugees select their destination countries, by looking at similarities across European countries. We aim to explain how country-specific factors may relate to the magnitude of migration flows, employing cluster and network analysis, and connecting meso- and macro-levels. The variables considered in our analysis fall under the four types of factors for host countries described by Van Hear, Bakewell, and Long (2012). Our analysis reveals that host countries in Europe can be grouped into four clusters: (i) Top Destination Economically Performing Countries; (ii) Emergent Destination Countries; (iii) Periphery and Less Economically Performing Countries; and (iv) Outlier Countries.

‘Out of Poland, Not to Israel, but Out of Poland’: Factors Influencing the Decision to Leave Poland after March 1968: On the Basis of Research from the 1970s

In this article the author explores the question of Jews’ emigration from Poland to Israel after the events of the anti-Zionist campaign of 1968. On the basis of émigrés’ accounts recorded in the 1970s, the author has reconstructed the complex mosaic of factors influencing their decision to leave Poland and choose Israel as their final destination. The most important among these factors were: the ‘anti-Zionist campaign’ and anti-Semitism of the period, as well as the resulting sense of alienation and stigmatization; the large number of people leaving the country, in particular those with family ties and relationships; disappointment with communism; and the Warsaw Pact’s invasion of Czechoslovakia.

Potential transfer of motorcycle mode to BRT Trans Semarang for students to campus in Semarang city

The movement of students requires means of a comfortable preferred mode of transportation with a high level of satisfaction. The aim of this research is to identify the characteristics of student trips in the city of Semarang, and to find out the factors for the transfer of motorcycleuse to the Trans Semarang BRT, and to determine steps to improve the choice of transportation modes for the Trans Semarang BRT. The study population was students of Universitas Diponegoro, Universitas Negeri Semarang and Universitas Islam Negeri Walisongo. The sample was taken using a quota sampling technique, and the data was collected using a questionnaire. The results showed that the average trip frequency was one time per day, the average distance traveled was 5-6 km. Travel time is 20-29 minutes for motorcycleusers and 30-39 minutes for BRT Trans Semarang users. On the reason for choosing the mode there is a difference where students choose the motorcycle mode due to speed and practical factor, while students choose the BRT Trans Semarang mode because it is cheap. The dominant factor affecting the transfer of motorcycle to the Trans Semarang BRT towards the campus of students in the city of Semarang is that if on the way from the bus stop to the final destination there is no need to change transportation, there is a Passenger Information System at each stop, and a maximum waiting time of 5 minutes. Increasing the travel time is a step to improve the choice of transportation mode for the Trans Semarang BRT.

Aplicación de las Tecnologías de la Información y la Comunicación (TICs) en la cadena alimentaria

The food chain is made up of the different stages that the product follows from its origin to its final destination: production, transformation, storage, distribution and consumption. Throughout the chain, the traceability of the food is key to alert of any potential danger, establishing comprehensive food safety, from the beginning to the end, “from farm to fork". The transformation that is taking place in society thanks to the most avant-garde information and communication technologies (ICTs), is also breaking into the food chain, constituting the food industry 4.0, which is available at the service of each link through intelligent systems that allow obtaining safer, higher quality products in less time. Each ICT will offer different development possibilities thanks to its particular characteristics, so that in each link the most appropriate technology will be selected to solve the specific problems posed. This work aims to carry out a review of all these avant-garde tools, describing how thanks to these disruptive technologies, the processes of the food chain are being transformed, increasing, at the same time, the safety and quality of the products obtained and evaluating the possible associated social repercussions.

Pendidikan Kristen di Keresidenan Tiimor pada Masa Nederlandsch Zendeling Genootschap: Suatu Kajian Historis

This article aims to examine and analyze how Christian education was carried out in the Timor residency during the time of the Nederlansch Zendeling Genootschap. Based on the results of the discussion, it is clear that education is a key element in the pattern of NZG evangelism. Therefore, education could never be separated from evangelism. Instead, the final destination of education is the expansion of the gospel message. The seeds of the gospel were introduced to local people through education. In its journey, the education during the NZG continued to experience ups and downs. There are problems caused by internal factors, but some are caused by external conditions. Even so, the NZG consistently continues to pay attention to the running of education services. The Christian education that has been carried out by the NZG brought a big impact on the social life of the people in the Residency of Timor.AbstrakArtikel ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dan menganalisis bagaimana jalannya pendidikan Kristen di Keresidenan Timor pada masa Nederlansch Zendeling Genootschap. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan, nyatalah bahwa pendidikan menjadi elemen kunci dalam pola pekabaran Injil NZG. Karena itu, pendidikan tidak akan pernah bisa dilepaskan dari pekabaran Injil. Malahan, muara dari pendidikan adalah perluasan pekabaran Injil. Sebab, melalui pendidikan, benih-benih Injil mulai diperkenalkan kepada orang-orang lokal. Dalam perjalanannya, dunia pendidikan pada masa NZG terus mengalami pasang surut. Ada persoalan-persoalan yang disebabkan oleh faktor-faktor internal, namun ada juga yang disebabkan oleh kondisi eksternal. Walau begitu, NZG secara konsisten terus memberikan perhatian terhadap jalannya pelayanan pendidikan. Pendidikan Kristen yang dijalankan oleh NZG pada akhirnya membawa dampak besar terhadap kehidupan sosial masyarakat di Keresidenan Timor.

Those Who Left and Those Who Arrived

In the years after the Second World War, the city of Rijeka found itself caught in the middle of various migratory trajectories. The departure of locals who self-identified as Italians and opted for Italian citizenship occurred simultaneously with other population movements that drained the city of inhabitants and brought in newcomers. Many locals defected and traveled to Italy, which was either their final destination or a country they transited through before being resettled elsewhere. Furthermore, after the war ended, workers from other Yugoslav areas started arriving in the city. A flourishing economy proved capable of attracting migrants with promises of good living standards; however, political reasons also motivated many to move to this Adriatic city. The latter was the case for former economic emigrants who decided to return to join the new socialist homeland and for Italian workers who symbolically sided with the socialist Yugoslavia. Rijeka was not simply a destination for many migrants—it was also a springboard for individuals from all over the Yugoslav Federation to reach the Western Bloc. This article argues that examining these intertwining patterns together rather than separately offers new insight into the challenges the city experienced during its postwar transition.

Mathematical Modeling of Manufacturing Lines with Distribution by Process: A Markov Chain Approach

Today, there are a wide variety of ways to produce goods in a manufacturing company. Among the most common are mass or line production and process production, both of which are antagonists. In an online production system, materials move from station to station, receiving added value on a well-defined layout. In a production line by process, the materials randomly visit a set of machines strategically located in order to receive a treatment, almost always through metalwork machines, according to the final product of which they will be part. In this case, there is not a predefined layout, as the incoming materials are sectioned and each piece forms a continuous flow through different workstations to receive some process. This activity depends on the function of the product and its final destination as a component of a finished product. In this proposal, Markov chain theory is used to model a manufacturing system by process in order to obtain the expected values of the average production per machine, the total expected production in all the facilities, the leisure per machine and the total productive efficiency of the system, among other indicators. In this research, we assume the existence of historical information about the use of the equipment, its failures, the causes of failure and their repair times; in any factory, this information is available in the area of manufacturing engineering and plant engineering. From this information, statistical frequency indicators are constructed to estimate transition probabilities, from which the results presented here are derived. The proposal is complemented with a numerical example of a real case obtained from a refrigerator factory established in Mexico in order to illustrate the results derived from this research. The results obtained show their feasibility when successfully implemented in the company.

Viewing the American West as a Chicana in China

In both scholarly work and popular imagination, the American West is the final destination of migrant from Europe and Mexico. The stories of those migrants, however, obscure the first migration (12,000 BP) from Asia into North America. That migration across the now-submerged land bridge of Beringia ended humanity’s millennia-long journey across the globe that originated in Africa more than 50,000 years earlier. Using two examples, this essay reflects on how the Asian origins of the first Americans have been transformed into myths that conceal humanity’s migratory nature. First, in Chinese Communist propaganda, those origins are transformed into the myth of Peking Man as a branch of humanity originating in China rather than Africa. Second, in the writing of Rudolfo Anaya, those Asian origins are transformed into the myth of homogenous “Brown Brothers” united against white imperialists. Rather than rely on a myth of racial unity in some original homeland, this essay urges reliance on the shared experience of migration and home-making in hostile environments as the true source of our common humanity. Anaya’s Golden Carp, symbol of the life-giving fierce of water in an arid environment, captures this common human predicament stretching from Tibet and Xinjiang to New Mexico, epitomizing the American West as the place where humanity has been reunited, the home to the last wanderers of the human race.

International Procurement and Supply Network Management in the Post COVID 19 Era in Nigeria: A Literature Review

Introduction: The global economy has been greatly affected by the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and its impact on the oil and gas industry is also being felt immensely as the industry relies heavily on the importation of the goods and services that they require to run their operations effectively and efficiently and the only way to get to the final destination of these company is through a well-managed supply network. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to examine international procurement and supply network management in the post COVID 19 Era in Nigeria. Being a literature review, the paper adopted a desk research methodology. Findings: The findings of the review of literature reveal that international procurement significantly influence and predicts supply network management performance. It also shows that COVID-19 has negatively affected both international procurement and supply network management, and that the phrase supply network management, instead of supply chain management, is most appropriate to describe the activities and relationships between and amongst individuals, enterprises, facilities and information, materials and services systems that connects supplier’s suppliers to customer’s customers capturing the multiple and complex relationships that exists amongst them.