ASSOCIAÇÃO ENTRE INSEGURANÇA ALIMENTAR E CONSUMO ALIMENTAR DE IDOSOS ASSISTIDOS POR UMA ESTRATÉGIA DE SAÚDE DA FAMÍLIA DO INTERIOR PAULISTA

The aim was to verify the association between food insecurity (FI) and food consumption of elderly people assisted by a Family Health Strategy (FHE). Sixteen elderly people, of both sexes, with a mean age of 69.13 years and BMI of 29.23 kg/m2 were evaluated. The Brazilian Food Insecurity Scale, food frequency questionnaire and 24-hour food recall were used. Weight and height were taken from the patients' records. It was observed that 37.5% of the elderly were in mild AI, 31.25% in moderate AI, 18.75% in severe AI and only 12.5% in food security. Individuals do not consume skimmed milk and have frequent intake of eggs, sausages, margarine, refined cereals, industrialized beverages, sweets and candies. And little or no use of olive oil and whole grains. No significant association between AI and food consumption. It is concluded that there was no association between food insecurity and food consumption in elderly people assisted by an ESF.

Developing the Women’s health strategy: The British Menopause society’s recommendations to the department of health and social care’s call for evidence

In the early part of 2021, the government launched a call for evidence to inform the development of the Women’s Health Strategy with the objective of better understanding women’s experiences of the health and care system and to help improve the health and wellbeing of women. The British Menopause Society Medical Advisory Council and the BMS Board of Trustees recommendations specific to the menopause and post reproductive health in relation to all six core themes included in the call for evidence assessing the different areas of women’s health are discussed in this document

Nurses’ perceptions of counseling and rapid testing for sexually transmitted infections

Objective: to understand Family Health Strategy nurses’ perceptions on counseling and rapid testing for sexually transmitted infections. Methods: this is a qualitative study, with data triangulation. Data collection was conducted through a semi-structured interview with seven nurses from Family Health Strategy. For systematization and data processing, content analysis was adopted in the thematic modality. Results: after analysis, four categories emerged: Rapid test training; Counseling conduction; Ease in rapid testing offer; and Challenges offering rapid testing. Conclusion: nurses’ perceptions were related to difficulties in the face of pre and posttest counseling, requiring improvement, permanent education and training for professional preparation, and the logistics of inputs and materials, in addition to changes in the physical structure of the units.

The hyper-transmissible SARS-CoV-2 Omicron variant exhibits significant antigenic change, vaccine escape and a switch in cell entry mechanism

Vaccination-based exposure to spike protein derived from early SARS-CoV-2 sequences is the key public health strategy against COVID-19. Successive waves of SARS-CoV-2 infections have been characterised by the evolution of highly mutated variants that are more transmissible and that partially evade the adaptive immune response. Omicron is the fifth of these Variants of Concern (VOCs) and is characterised by a step change in transmission capability, suggesting significant antigenic and biological change. It is characterised by 45 amino acid substitutions, including 30 changes in the spike protein relative to one of the earliest sequences, Wuhan-Hu-1, of which 15 occur in the receptor-binding domain, an area strongly associated with humoral immune evasion. In this study, we demonstrate both markedly decreased neutralisation in serology assays and real-world vaccine effectiveness in recipients of two doses of vaccine, with efficacy partially recovered by a third mRNA booster dose. We also show that immunity from natural infection (without vaccination) is more protective than two doses of vaccine but inferior to three doses. Finally, we demonstrate fundamental changes in the Omicron entry process in vitro, towards TMPRSS2-independent fusion, representing a major shift in the replication properties of SARS-CoV-2. Overall, these findings underlie rapid global transmission and may alter the clinical severity of disease associated with the Omicron variant.

Nutritional deviations in children: comparative analysis of data from the food and nutrition surveillance system and those obtained by anthropometrists

ABSTRACT Objective: To compare the prevalence rates of nutritional deviations in children under five years of age according to data from the Food and Nutrition Surveillance System (Sistema de Vigilância Alimentar e Nutricional — SISVAN) and those obtained by trained anthropometrists. Methods: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study based on data from 10 municipalities and 2 sources: i) SISVAN Web (secondary database) and ii) an investigation that evaluated the implementation of food and nutrition actions in the Family Health Strategy in the state of Paraíba (primary database), with 24,137 and 897 individuals, respectively. Proportions of overweight — according to weight/age (W/A), weight/height (W/H), and body mass index/age (BMI/A) — and stunting — according to the height/age (H/A) index — based on classifications of SISVAN Web and those obtained by trained anthropometrists were compared using the two-proportion Z-test. Results: Frequencies of overweight, according to W/A (10.0 vs. 7.8%), W/H (17.2 vs. 14.3%), and BMI/A (18.1 vs. 14.4%), as well as stunting (12.3 vs. 8.6%), were higher on data from SISVAN Web than on those obtained by trained anthropometrists, and the differences were significant. Conclusions: The findings point to distortions in the nutritional classification of children under five years of age monitored by SISVAN Web.

Factors associated with the incomplete opportune vaccination schedule up to 12 months of age, Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso

Objective: To analyze factors associated with the incomplete timely vaccination schedule up to 12 months of age, in children born in 2015, in the municipality of Rondonópolis, Mato Grosso. Methods: Population survey, August/2017 to February/2018, which used the method proposed by the World Health Organization to collect information about routine vaccination. For analysis of the associated factors, the recommendations of the National Immunization Program of the Ministry of Health were considered. Univariate analysis was performed, and the factors associated with p<0.20 entered in the multiple analysis, with hierarchical entry of individual variables and contextual indicator of concentration of the income extremes. Results: The incomplete timely vaccination schedule up to 12 months was 82.03% (95%CI 78.41–86.63). In the final model, the following remained independently associated: having one or more siblings at home (OR 3.18; 95%CI 1.75–5.76) and not receiving a visit from a community health worker in the last 30 days (OR 1.93; 95%CI 1.04–3.57). Conclusions: It is necessary to implement an active search for children with vaccination delay in relation to the recommended interval for each vaccine, in addition to the need to strengthen the link of the family health strategy and child caregivers.

Exclusive breastfeeding and professionals from the family health strategy

ABSTRACT Objectives: to analyze the perception of health professionals about exclusive breastfeeding in Family Health Strategy units in the city of Macaé. Methods: qualitative study carried out in four units of the Family Health Strategy in the city of Macaé, Rio de Janeiro. Thirty health professionals were interviewed from March to May 2019. Textual contents were processed in the IRaMuTeQ® software by the Descending Hierarchical Classification. Results: professionals use different strategies for actions to promote, protect and support breastfeeding in prenatal consultations, but social and cultural determinants are important issues that interfere in this process, the involvement of the family being essential for the success of this practice. Final Considerations: health professionals, including nurses, need training and qualification to strengthen the support and social network of pregnant women and insert the family in the different strategies used to improve adherence to exclusive breastfeeding.

Médicos de Família e Comunidade ou médicos da Estratégia Saúde da Família? / Family and Community doctors, or doctors from the Family Health strategy?

Em resposta à revisão integrativa “Papel do Médico de Família e Comunidade no Manejo da Hipertensão Arterial na Atenção Primaria à Saúde”, cumpre destacar que os médicos de família e comunidade constituem uma especialidade médica, enquanto os médicos da estratégia Saúde da Família constituem uma ocupação. Discute-se a não sobreposição entre as duas categorias no mercado de trabalho, e a distinção no que diz respeito ao escopo da prática, com ênfase na saúde mental.---Abstract: In response to the integrative review “Role of the Family and Community Doctor in theManagement of Hypertension in Primary Health Care”, it should be noted that family and communitydoctors are a medical specialty, while doctors of the Family Health strategy constitute an occupation. Itdiscusses the non-overlapping between the two categories in the labor market, and the distinctionregarding the scope of practice, with an emphasis on mental health.