An Authentication and Secure Communication Scheme for In-Vehicle Networks Based on SOME/IP

The rapid development of intelligent networked vehicles (ICVs) has brought many positive effects. Unfortunately, connecting to the outside exposes ICVs to security threats. Using secure protocols is an important approach to protect ICVs from hacker attacks and has become a hot research area for vehicle security. However, most of the previous studies were carried out on V2X networks, while those on in-vehicle networks (IVNs) did not involve Ethernet. To this end, oriented to the new IVNs based on Ethernet, we designed an efficient secure scheme, including an authentication scheme using the Scalable Service-Oriented Middleware over IP (SOME/IP) protocol and a secure communication scheme modifying the payload field of the original SOME/IP data frame. The security analysis shows that the designed authentication scheme can provide mutual identity authentication for communicating parties and ensure the confidentiality of the issued temporary session key; the designed authentication and secure communication scheme can resist the common malicious attacks conjointly. The performance experiments based on embedded devices show that the additional overhead introduced by the secure scheme is very limited. The secure scheme proposed in this article can promote the popularization of the SOME/IP protocol in IVNs and contribute to the secure communication of IVNs.

Coastal Community Economic Empowerment Strategy in Merauke Regency

Community economic empowerment is an important approach to realize a balanced, developing and just economic structure, to realize a successful economic empowerment, community business capacity must become strong and independent, and in sync with community’s best potential and product, in this paper is coastal community. The purpose of this study is how the main strategies and work programs that need to be taken to improve the economy of the community in Merauke Regency by optimally utilizing coastal community resources and knowing the inhibiting and supporting factors of empowerment. Qualitative research method with a SWOT analysis tool with a focus on data sources based on the results of interviews and discussions with the fisheries service and fisheries business actors. The results of the study explain that the increase in fisherman productivity has the highest weight value which is carried out by increasing the role of capital assistance and market intervention, verified by the efforts of coastal communities.

Asymmetric Defluoroallylation of 4-Trifluoromethylpyridines Enabled by Umpolung C-F Bond Activation

Carbon-fluorine bond activation reaction of the trifluoromethyl group represent an important approach to fluorine-containing molecules. While selective defluorofunctionalization reactions of CF3-containing substrates have been achieved by invoking difluorocarbocation, difluorocarboradical, or difluoroorganometallic species as the key intermedi-ate, the transformations via fluorocarbanion mechanism remained a limited success. Furthermore, the enantioselective defluorotransformation of CF3 group has not yet been realized. Herein, we report a defluorofunctionalization reaction of 4-trifluoromethylpyridines involving pyridyldifluoromethyl anion as the key intermediate, which was developed based upon our previous studies on the N-boryl pyridyl anion chemistry. When combined with Ir-catalysis, asymmetric defluoroallylation of 4-trifluoromethylpyridines could be achieved to forge a difluoroalkyl-substituted chiral center. The present work opens up a new opportunity for the defluorofunctionalization of CF3 group, and provides new insights into the N-boryl pyridyl anion chemistry.

Designing a Teaching Website for Early Warning Technology Support Specialty Based on Information Architecture

With the advancement of education informatization, learning through the internet has become a very important approach. Existing teaching websites generally have problems such as low accuracy of information grouping and obvious disconnection between the navigation system and content. Based on information architecture, a teaching website for early warning technical support specialty is designed in this paper from four aspects: content organization, identification, navigation, and interaction. The unification of information processing and information requirements is achieved using this method, which improves the quality of professional course construction for early warning technology support specialty.

Precision Cardio-Oncology: Use of Mechanistic Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Modeling to Predict Cardiotoxicities of Anti-Cancer Drugs

The cardiotoxicity of anti-cancer drugs presents as a challenge to both clinicians and patients. Significant advances in cancer treatments have improved patient survival rates, but have also led to the chronic effects of anti-cancer therapies becoming more prominent. Additionally, it is difficult to clinically predict the occurrence of cardiovascular toxicities given that they can be transient or irreversible, with large between-subject variabilities. Further, cardiotoxicities present a range of different symptoms and pathophysiological mechanisms. These notwithstanding, mechanistic pharmacokinetic (PK) and pharmacodynamic (PD) modeling offers an important approach to predict cardiotoxicities and offering precise cardio-oncological care. Efforts have been made to integrate the structures of physiological and pharmacological networks into PK-PD modeling to the end of predicting cardiotoxicities based on clinical evaluation as well as individual variabilities, such as protein expression, and physiological changes under different disease states. Thus, this review aims to report recent progress in the use of PK-PD modeling to predict cardiovascular toxicities, as well as its application in anti-cancer therapies.

Evaluating the Ability of Bone Char/nTiO2 Composite and UV Radiation for Simultaneous Oxidation and Adsorption of Arsenite

The reuse of waste materials for water treatment purposes is an important approach for promoting the circular economy and achieving effective environmental remediation. This study examined the use of bone char/titanium dioxide nanoparticles (BC/nTiO2) composite and UV for As(III) and As(V) removal from water. The composite was produced via two ways: addition of nTiO2 to bone char during and after pyrolysis. In comparison to the uncoated bone char pyrolyzed at 900 °C (BC900), nTiO2 deposition onto bone char led to a decrease in the specific surface area and pore volume from 69 to 38 m2/g and 0.23 to 0.16 cm3/g, respectively. However, the pore size slightly increased from 14 to 17 nm upon the addition of nTiO2. The composite prepared during pyrolysis (BC/nTiO2)P had better As removal than that prepared after pyrolysis with the aid of ultrasound (BC/nTiO2)US (57.3% vs. 24.8%). The composite (BC/nTiO2)P had higher arsenate oxidation than (BC/nTiO2)US by about 3.5 times. Arsenite oxidation and consequent adsorption with UV power of 4, 8 and 12 W was examined and benchmarked against the composite with visible light and BC alone. The highest UV power was found to be the most effective treatment with adsorption capacity of 281 µg/g followed by BC alone (196 µg/g). This suggests that the effect of surface area and pore volume loss due to nTiO2 deposition can only be compensated by applying a high level of UV power.

Enterovirus 71 Activates GADD34 via Precursor 3CD to Promote IRES-Mediated Viral Translation

Identification of host factors involved in viral replication is an important approach in discovering viral pathogenic mechanisms and identifying potential therapeutic targets. Previously, we screened host proteins that were upregulated by EV71 infection.

Transdisciplinary partnerships for sustainability: an evaluation guide

Transdisciplinary research, in which academics and actors from outside the academy co-produce knowledge, is an important approach to address urgent sustainability challenges. Indeed, to meet these real-world challenges, governments, universities, development agencies, and civil society organizations have made substantial investments in transdisciplinary partnerships. Yet to date, our understanding of the performance, as well as impacts, of these partnerships for sustainability is limited. Here, we provide a guide to assess the performance and impacts of transdisciplinary partnerships for sustainability. We offer key steps to navigate and examine the partnership process for continuous improvement, and to understand how transdisciplinary partnership is contributing to sustainable futures.

The Relationship Between Digital Literacy and Cyberchondria

Cyberchondria refers to the state of performing repeated and excessive health-related searches on the internet leading to elevated levels of distress or health anxiety. It may have unpleasant consequences such as heightened anxiety, overwhelming information load, and troubled patient-physician relationship. To overcome the negative effects of cyberchondria, several strategies were suggested in the literature. In this chapter, enhancing digital and health literacy skills is presented as an important approach for tackling with undesirable effects of excessive health-related internet use. Basic dimensions of digital literacy are pointed out, as well as digital literacy skills. Health literacy is defined and reviewed in digital literacy framework. E-health literacy is associated with digital literacy. Searching the internet for medical information would deliver its true value through improved digital and health literacy skills. Individuals would accurately evaluate online health information, properly interpret the search results, and take the reasonable steps in applying the acquired knowledge.

A New Data Hiding Scheme Combining Genetic Algorithm and Artificial Neural Network

Today, in the time of internet based communication, steganography is an important approach. In this approach, secret information is embedded in a cover medium with minimum distortion of it. Here, a video steganography scheme is developed in frequency domain category. Frequency domain is more effective than spatial domain due to variation data insertion domain. To change actual domain of entropy pixels of the video frames, uniform crossover of Genetic Algorithm (GA) is used. Then for data insertion in video frames, single layer perceptron of Artificial Neural Network is used. This particular concept of information security is attractive due to its high security during wireless communication. The effectiveness of the proposed technique is analyzed with the parameters PSNR (Peak Signal to Noise Ratio), IF and Payload (bpb).