Whether the Agricultural Insurance Policy Achieves Green Income Growth—Evidence from the Implementation of China’s Total Cost Insurance Pilot Program

With the rise and popularization of the concept of green sustainable development, green income growth of agricultural insurance policies has attracted wide attention. Whether green income growth can be achieved has become an important criterion for measuring an agricultural insurance policy. In this context, this paper attempts to test whether the agricultural insurance policy achieves green income growth. Based on the panel data of 31 provinces (the research sample of this paper selects 31 provincial-level units (province for short) in China, including 22 provinces, 5 autonomous regions and 4 municipalities directly under the central government. Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macau Special Administrative Region and Taiwan Province are not included in the research sample) from 2009 to 2020 in China, this paper empirically evaluates the triple-effect of total cost insurance pilot program (TCI) on farmers’ income, environment and public health by employing a difference-in-difference model (DID). The results show that TCI increases farmers’ income, but deteriorates the environment and residents’ health without achieving green income growth. In the analysis of heterogeneity, compared with central and western regions, farmers’ income is more likely to increase in the eastern regions. However, environmental pollution is more severe, and residents’ health deteriorates more, in eastern regions. In addition, the positive effect of TCI on farmers’ income and the deterioration of residents’ health is more obvious in areas with a higher degree of damage, while the negative effect of TCI on the environment is more obvious in areas with a lower degree of damage. Furthermore, the mechanism analysis shows that TCI not only promotes the increase in farmers’ income through insurance density, but also affects the environment and residents’ health through straw burning. Therefore, the government should raise the subsidy standard for farmers to use straw-processing equipment and also to implement differentiated subsidies in regions with different levels of economic development and areas with different degrees of damage.

Principles for designing a computer application specific to explosion risk management in explosive deposits

Industrial explosive storage sites are considered to be areas of major risk to industrial, public and occupational safety and security, due to the possibility of major accidents, due to the nature of the explosive substances and due to the serious consequences of an explosion.on these sites. The explosion risk assessment for explosives depots requires an analysis of all possible occurrences of the initiating events that could lead to a potential explosion, followed by an analysis of security measures, all of which are quantified by the development of accident trees and sequences. for each possible trigger. This paper presents the principles of designing a specialized computer application in the field of explosion risk management at explosives depots for civilian use. This application allows to ensure the necessary premises for the elaboration, in objective and specific conditions, of the necessary documents for these types of technical infrastructures, from their design phase and the quantification of the degree of damage on the analyzed locations but also in the areas that are located.

Quantitative Risk Assessment for Aerospace Facility According to Windrose

Wind direction and speed are the most important factors that determine the degree of damage caused by a jet fire. In this study, the metal hose used to extract/supply fuel was identified as the component with the highest risk for a jet fire occurring at an aerospace facility. A risk assessment was performed to evaluate the individual risk of a jet fire from the metal hose according to the wind direction and speed. HSE failure data was applied for calculating the jet fire probability including metal hose failure, ignition frequency, and jet fire frequency. Which was 3.0 × 10−4. The individual risk of different fatality probabilities was calculated according to the wind rose data for the aerospace facility. The individual risk from jet fire in the aerospace facility was calculated with a maximum risk of 3.35 × 10−5 and a minimum risk of 1.49 × 10−6. The individual risk satisfied HSE ALARP criteria. In addition, firewalls, extinguishing systems, and an emergency shut off system were enhanced, and it was thought that the risk from jet fire could satisfy acceptable criteria.

Refinement of the methodology for assessing the resistance of hazel (hazelnuts) to stress factors

The aim of the research is to clarify the methodology for assessing the resistance of hazel (hazelnuts) to stress factors on the basis of uniform approaches adopted in walnut farming. The assessment of resistance to biotic and abiotic factors has been carried out according to the methods recommended for the walnut, and the state of the vegetative and generative organs of hazel (hazelnuts) has been correlated with the program requirements. The result has been the development of 7 point assessment scales and the numerical values of the degree of damage correlated with them. Score 0 corresponds to the absence of lesions, 1 – lesions up to 5%, 2 – lesions up to 6–10%, 3 – lesions up to 11–25%, 4 – lesions up to 26–50%, 5 – lesions up to 51–75%, 6 – lesions more than 75% or death of the whole plant (depending on the studied indicator). The assessment scale for the winter hardiness of vegetative organs takes into account the degree of damage to the apical buds, annual shoots, branches of two years and older, the stem and the whole plant. Damage to male inflorescences is determined by the length of their dead part, to the female flowers – by the number of damaged ones, expressed as a percentage. The degree of drought resistance is revealed on the basis of studying the state of the entire plant, the percentage of damaged and fallen leaves. The influence of drought on the loss of food part is established by the degree of shrinkage of the kernel. Susceptibility to diseases and pests is estimated in percentage points separately for leaves by area, shoots in length, nuts by the ratio of damaged and undamaged ones. We have distinguished 6 groups of resistance, depending on the degree of vulnerability of varieties and forms of hazel (hazelnuts). It has been proposed to draw conclusions on the basis of at least three years of observations, and the final conclusion should be focused on specific breeding goals.

Study on the increase in power supply reliability for the consumers of electricity

The issues of increasing the reliability of power transformers used in power supply systems for agriculture and water management were discussed in this article.The degree of damage to the insulation of power transformers by the physical and chemical composition of the transformer oil and insulation of other parts was also investigated, materials on the assessment of the state of insulation by the degree of damage to the insulation of individual units of the power transformer were presented.

Ensuring fire safety during the operation of oil and gas equipment based on the results of compact specimens tests

The paper considers the application of the test method of compact specimens to assess the degree of damage of steel elements of oil and gas equipment. According to experimental data, an analytical dependence was obtained linking the degree of damage to the index of the specific fracture work, intended to assess the possibility of safe operation of explosive and fire-hazardous equipment.

ANTIMICROBIAL THERAPY FOR DACRYOCYSTITIS FOR NEWBORNS

В работе изучена антимикробная терапии дакриоцистита новорожденных, на основе анализа микробного пейзажа возбудителей, их чувствительности к антимикробным препаратам. По степени поражения и по возрастные группам, наиболее часто - 44% эта патология поражала 3-6 месячных младенцев, на втором месте пациенты от 0 до 3х месяцев - 33%, на третьем 6-9 месячные - 19%, на четвертом 9-12 месячные дети 4%. Бактериологический посев 46 образцов выявил отсутствие роста микрофлоры в 8 результатах. Микробный пейзаж в 38 мазках включал 10 возбудителей дакриоцистита новорожденных, наиболее часто высевались St. Еpidermidis и St. Aureus, моноинфекция обнаружена в биоматериале 30 глаз, микстифекция в 8. Наибольшую чувствительность по 84% пораженных глаз актуальные возбудители проявили к фторхинолонам последнего поколения: левофлоксацину и моксифлоксацину, к гентамицину 76,5%, фузидоевой кислоте, ципрофлаксацину по 68,5% глаз к каждому, к тобрамицину 58% глаз. Наименьшую, менее 50% чувствительность в отношении вышеуказанных возбудителей ДН показали офлоксацин и левомицетин. Antimicrobial therapy for dacryocystitis for newborns, was studied in the work, based on the analysis of the microbial landscape of pathogens, their sensitivity to antimicrobial drugs. By the degree of damage and by age groups, most often - 44% this pathology affected 3-6 month old babies, in second place are patients from 0 to 3 months - 33%, in the third 6-9 months - 19%, in the fourth - 9-12 monthly children 4%. Bacteriological inoculation of 46 samples showed no growth of microflora in 8 results. The microbial landscape in 38 smears included 10 pathogens of neonatal dacryocystitis, most often St. Epidermidis and St. Aureus, monoinfection was found in the biomaterial of 30 eyes, mixed infection in 8. Topical pathogens showed the greatest sensitivity in 84% of the affected eyes to the latest generation of fluoroquinolones: levofloxacin and moxifloxacin, to gentamicin 76.5%, fusidoic acid, ciproflaxacin in 68.5% of each eye, and to tobramycin in 58% of the eyes. Ofloxacin and chloramphenicol showed the smallest, less than 50% sensitivity to the above mentioned DN pathogens.

Assessment of the intensity of damage to sunflower caused by artificial infection with septoria in phytotron conditions

The aim of our study was to analyze the development of Septoria leaf spot in sunflower seedlings artificially infected with the mycelium suspension of the pathogen in the phytotron and to determine the degree of damage caused by this disease in the lines of different origins. The materials for the experiment were self-pollinating sunflower lines ZL22A, ZL58A, ZL78A (all of Zaporizhzhya breeding the Institute of Oilseeds Crops of NAAS) and line HAR7 (originating from the USA). The research was conducted in the phytotron facility at the Department of Genetics and Plant Resources of Zaporizhia National University. The seeds of selected sunflower samples were sown into the soil in the specially prepared pots containing drainage and a mixture of chernozem and sand in equal proportions to a depth of 3 cm in two rows of 10 seeds each, with a distance between seeds of 0.5-1 cm. The plants grew and developed on a photoperiod of 16/8 hours (day / night) at a temperature of 23-25oC and a relative humidity of 65%. All samples were watered when needed and received equal amounts of water. Sunflower plants were inoculated in accordance with generally accepted methods of phytopathology. Next, the infected plants were placed in a humid chamber. The plants were infected with the inoculum of a 30-day old mycelium culture of the fungus Septoria helianthi, grown by cultivating the pathogen on a solid nutrient medium. The isolation of pathogen in pure culture as well as preparation of inoculum for infection were carried out using methods which were generally accepted in phytopathology and mycology, supplemented by author's own methodology. The degree of damage to the plants was assessed by visual examination of all leaves, using a 5-point scale, modified for our studies. The affected lines were determined by the percentage of plants with a certain degree of damage. The results of this research showed that sunflower lines sustained varying degrees of damage and, accordingly, varying degrees of resistance to Septoria. The least affected was line HAR7, with 70% of the plants in this line having damaged leaves. The most damaged of those were cotyledons and the first pair of true leaves, whereas just 11.7% of plants had the second pair of true leaves damaged. Completely unaffected plants made up 29.5% of this line. Line ZL22A was affected by 75%. Almost all plants in this line had damaged cotyledons and the first pair of leaves, with 70%. Besides, there were 5% of plants that had all their leaves affected. The number of unaffected plants was 25%. It should be noted that the ZL22A line was close in degree of damage to that of the HAR7 line and showed relative susceptibility to Septoria under phytotron conditions. ZL58A and ZL78A lines were the most affected by Septoria, with 100%. In the ZL58A line, there were 56.2% of plants with damaged cotyledons and the first pair of true leaves, and 43.8% of plants whose second pair of true leaves showed the symptoms of the disease. The plants of the ZL78A line with lesions on the cotyledons and the first pair of true leaves made up 60%, whereas the number of plants with the symptoms of Septoria leaf spot on the second pair amounted to 40%. In general, these two lines were characterized by the same degree of damage and can be considered susceptible to Septoria leaf blight. The disease progression on the HAR7 line is 38.2%, on the ZL22A line is 40%, on the ZL78A line is 60%, on the ZL58A line is 60,9%. The findings show that sunflower plant lines that were artificially infected with an aqueous suspension of fungal mycelium containing Septoria leaf spot pathogen in the conditions of phytotron developed the disease rather rapidly and exhibited varying degrees of damage. The proposed method provides a reliable infection of sunflower samples with the pathogen S. helianthi, a rapid assessment of the intensity of damage to sunflower lines by septoria.

Efficient Hair Damage Detection Using SEM Images Based on Convolutional Neural Network

With increasing interest in hairstyles and hair color, bleaching, dyeing, straightening, and curling hair is being widely used worldwide, and the chemical and physical treatment of hair is also increasing. As a result, hair has suffered a lot of damage, and the degree of damage to hair has been measured only by the naked eye or touch. This has led to serious consequences, such as hair damage and scalp diseases. However, although these problems are serious, there is little research on hair damage. With the advancement of technology, people began to be interested in preventing and reversing hair damage. Manual observation methods cannot accurately and quickly identify hair damage areas. In recent years, with the rise of artificial intelligence technology, a large number of applications in various scenarios have given researchers new methods. In the project, we created a new hair damage data set based on SEM (scanning electron microscope) images. Through various physical and chemical analyses, we observe the changes in the hair surface according to the degree of hair damage, found the relationship between them, used a convolutional neural network to recognize and confirm the degree of hair damage, and categorized the degree of damage into weak damage, moderate damage and high damage.

Damage Identification of Ancient Timber Structure Based on Autocorrelation Function

A damage location method for the autocorrelation peak value change rate based on the vibration response of a random vibration structure is established. To calculate the autocorrelation function of the vibration response of each measurement point, we transformed the maximum values into an autocorrelation peak vector. Under a good condition, the autocorrelation peak vector has a fixed shape; hence, it can be used as a basis for structural damage identification. The two adjacent measurement points with the largest change corresponding to the two nodes of the damage unit and the damage location are determined to calculate the change rate of the autocorrelation peak values between damaged and intact structures. When the degree of damage is 5%, the autocorrelation peak value change rate of the acceleration response on the two nodes of the damage unit is significantly greater than that of the other points, which can accurately determine the damage location, indicating that the damage location index constructed has good damage sensitivity. The damage location index can determine a single damage, as well as a double damage. The antinoise capability of the damage location index gradually improves with an increase in the degree of damage. At 45% degree of damage and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of 0 dB, the damage location index can still accurately determine the damage location, which has good antinoise interference capability. The Xi’an Bell Tower is used as a case study, and the feasibility of this method is verified, which provides a new method for the study of damage location of ancient timber structures.