Group Theoretical Description of the Periodic System

The group theoretical description of the periodic system of elements in the framework of the Rumer–Fet model is considered. We introduce the concept of a single quantum system, the generating core of which is an abstract C*-algebra. It is shown that various concrete implementations of the operator algebra depend on the structure of the generators of the fundamental symmetry group attached to the energy operator. In the case of the generators of the complex shell of a group algebra of a conformal group, the spectrum of states of a single quantum system is given in the framework of the basic representation of the Rumer–Fet group, which leads to a group-theoretic interpretation of the Mendeleev’s periodic system of elements. A mass formula is introduced that allows giving the termwise mass splitting for the main multiplet of the Rumer–Fet group. The masses of elements of the Seaborg table (eight-periodic extension of the Mendeleev table) are calculated starting from the atomic number Z=3 and going to Z=220. The continuation of the Seaborg homology between lanthanides and actinides is established with the group of superactinides. A 10-periodic extension of the periodic table is introduced in the framework of the group-theoretic approach. The multiplet structure of the extended table’s periods is considered in detail. It is shown that the period lengths of the system of elements are determined by the structure of the basic representation of the Rumer–Fet group. The theoretical masses of the elements of 10th and 11th periods are calculated starting from Z=221 and going to to Z=364. The concept of hypertwistor is introduced.

Quantum Jumps Revisited

A theoretical description of quantum jumps at the level of elementary particles is proposed, based on a micro-cosmological interpretation of their de Broglie phase. The third quantization formalism proposed in current literature for the description of baby universes in quantum cosmology is used here to describe the breakdown of unitarity in the transition from the pre-jump to the post-jump wave function. The corpuscular aspect manifested by the particle in the micro-interaction that originates the jump is represented by a pair of evanescent "micro-universes", respectively pre- and post-jump, connected by a wormhole. The latter represents the actual implementation of the interaction that leads to the projection on the outgoing state; this interaction is always local, even when the selected outgoing state is entangled. Therefore, the decoherence which leads to the emergence of classicality is originated by the same fundamental interactions of the Standard Model involved in the unitary evolution of the wave function. The objective nature of the reduction process admits implications on the possibility of using the formalism in the cosmological context, which are briefly discussed.

Study of $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ decays to charmonia and three light hadrons

Using proton-proton collision data, corresponding to an integrated luminosity of 9 fb−1 collected with the LHCb detector, seven decay modes of the $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + meson into a J/ψ or ψ(2S) meson and three charged hadrons, kaons or pions, are studied. The decays $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + → (ψ(2S) → J/ψπ+π−)π+, $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + → ψ(2S)π+π−π+, $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + → J/ψK+π−π+ and $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + → J/ψK+K−K+ are observed for the first time, and evidence for the $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + → ψ(2S)K+K−π+, decay is found, where J/ψ and ψ(2S) mesons are reconstructed in their dimuon decay modes. The ratios of branching fractions between the different $$ {\mathrm{B}}_{\mathrm{c}}^{+} $$ B c + decays are reported as well as the fractions of the decays proceeding via intermediate resonances. The results largely support the factorisation approach used for a theoretical description of the studied decays.

Theoretical aspects of direct conversion of radio-chemical energy in electric by radiation-stimulated SiC*/Si heterostructure

The authors consider their own CVD technology for the SiC growing on a Si substrate in order to create a beta converter. Since the beta converter contains a heavy C-14 atom, the finished beta converter works as an ”inner sun”, and the structure has specific mark * in the name: SiC*/Si. Authors focus on the problems of the theoretical description of: 1) the growth of the SiC*/Si film (with C-14 atoms inside) and the position of the p-n junction in the doping process; 2) method of a placement radioisotopes into a semiconductor material; 3) physical properties of radioisotopes; 4) defects formation; 5) generation of secondary electrons in the region of the p-n junction.

MATERIAL MOVEMENT WITHIN A SINGLE-SCREW EXTRUDER

In present-day economic conditions, extrusion is one of the advanced feedstuffs and food production processes involving intensive manifold heat and force action. During extrusion, the main function is performed by a compression mechanism which includes a forcing screw unit built into the cylinder (cowling). The forcing mechanism performs the task of transferring material while concurrently compressing it up to a required pressure and increasing the material’s temperature due to compression and friction against the cowling's sides. In our view, the first technique is appropriate when a material which is moving within the compression area is in viscous-flow state. The second technique is optimal for theoretical description of areas of loading, transportation, and compression (melting) where the working pressure is maintained.

Detecting development scenarios of dynamic events in electric power network smart-grids. Part two “Selective Protection”

When implementing development concepts in the electric power industry (such as “Smart Grid”, “Digital substation” and “Outsourcing of services”), the task of ensuring stable relay protection operations and automation devices is urgent. The problem is solved according to the developed structural-information (SI) method. A method for selective search of the optimal amount of structured information for automatic decision-making is proposed. The article discusses an algorithm for recognising scenarios for the development of semantic events, which is included in the SP-method. The algorithm is applied uniformly for all hierarchical levels of recognition, based on the goals of decision making at the senior level. Control of the sequence of information events is performed in the dynamics of the passage of events along one path from all relationships according to the structural-information model. Part 1 shows a collaborative structural-information model consisting of a shaping tree in a dynamic object and a recognition tree in devices. A theoretical description of the algorithm is given using the amplitude and time (Ξ,Η) selectivity windows in the general structural scheme of S-detection. The application of the method for different hierarchical levels of recognition is shown. The decision-making results are presented in two forms, by means of a single semantic signal to indicate a group of results and filling in the table of the sequence of occurrence of the recognised elementary information components. Part 2 shows the application of the SPmethod at different hierarchical levels of recognition for the synthesis of a selective relay, which implements an algorithm for finding a damaged network section with single-phase ground faults in 6-35 kV distribution networks with a Petersen’s coil. The reasons for the unstable operation of algorithms of known selective relays are indicated, based on the concepts of scenario recognition. The improvement of the structure of a selective relay operating on the basis of the criterion for monitoring the coincidence of the first half-waves of the mid-frequency components in the signals of transient processes is considered. Examples of the synthesis of elementary detectors of absolute, relative and cumulative actions in relation to a selective relay are given, which make it possible to fill the amount of information for general S-detection. The simulation of the operation of the synthesised S-detector on the signals of real emergency files of the natural development of damage to the isolation of the network phase and simulation of artificial scenarios of events in the mathematical SI-model are carried out.

Intertextuality as an Integral Component of the Modern Ukrainian Discourse (on the Example of Literary and Journalistic Styles)

The article highlights the impact of globalization processes on formation of dominant worldviews and guidelines, as well as ways and means of representing the latter. The state and prospects of studying intertextuality as an important element of modern world discourses in the projection on the national cultural background are studied. Attention is drawn to the high degree of development of both theoretical and applied aspects of intertextuality of discourses by representatives of academic communities of different countries and fields of knowledge, which gave grounds to establish the polydiscursive and interdiscursive nature of the object of analysis. Orientation of domestic experts on parameterization of mainly specific manifestations of intertextuality within certain discourses at the level of isolated intertexts and presence of gaps in the theoretical description of the phenomenon in the context of national specificity is stated. Emphasis is placed on the definite variability of the terminology due to the interdisciplinary nature of discursiveness and, accordingly, intertextuality. A complementary link has been established between postmodernism as the dominant philosophical worldview and the intertextuality of discourses. The specifics of the intertextuality of contemporary Ukrainian literary discourse with regard to various scientific studies are clarified. The concept of “intertextual memory” is introduced and justification of its use is given. The need to apply the term “postmodern intertextuality” in relation to contemporary literary discourse is considered. The common and distinctive features of the manifestation of intertextuality in literary and journalistic discourses are traced. The specifics of intertextuality of Ukrainian journalistic discourse are described. It is established that the precedent character of the communicative act is of exceptional importance for realization of intertextuality in journalistic discourse.

Competitiveness study in tourist corridors: the Brazil-Paraguay-Argentine-Chile Bioceanic Route case

The present article deals with a study of competitiveness in the Bioceanic Route, which is made up of the Brazil, Paraguay, Argentine, and Chile countries. The general objective of this research concerns the competitiveness of tourist corridors with a focus on the countries mentioned above. As research methodology, the present investigation had a qualitative and descriptive nature. The study has a deductive approach based on bibliographical and exploratory research, in face of theoretical description and characterization, as well as documentary research, by the access to files and documents during the investigation; and moreover, for carrying out the field research stage, the criteria selected were the main destinations crossing the Bioceanic Route, for observation and data collection, and local authorities were interviewed. The itinerary considered was from Campo Grande (state of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil), Paraguay, and Argentine to ports in Northern Chile. The criteria for analyzing the destinations were as follows: attractiveness, tourist information, transport, general infrastructure, quality of services, accessibility, hospitality, trade relations, destination management, conditional situations, and tourists’ perception. Results reveal nonconformity between the main cities in the corridor, such as Campo Grande, Salta, San Pedro de Atacama, and Iquique relative to all the elements analyzed, in relation to the other cities along the route.

Burst Dynamics, Upscaling and Dissipation of Slow Drainage in Porous Media

We present a theoretical and experimental investigation of drainage in porous media. The study is limited to stabilized fluid fronts at moderate injection rates, but it takes into account capillary, viscous, and gravitational forces. In the theoretical framework presented, the work applied on the system, the energy dissipation, the final saturation and the width of the stabilized fluid front can all be calculated if we know the dimensionless fluctuation number, the wetting properties, the surface tension between the fluids, the fractal dimensions of the invading structure and its boundary, and the exponent describing the divergence of the correlation length in percolation. Furthermore, our theoretical description explains how the Haines jumps’ local activity and dissipation relate to dissipation on larger scales.