A semiotic analysis of multiple systems of logic: using tagmemic theory to assess the usefulness and limitations of formal logics, and to produce a mathematical lattice model including multiple systems of logic

Tagmemic theory as a semiotic theory can be used to analyze multiple systems of logic and to assess their strengths and weaknesses. This analysis constitutes an application of semiotics and also a contribution to understanding of the nature of logic within the context of human meaning. Each system of logic is best adapted to represent one portion of human rationality. Acknowledging this correlation between systems and their targets helps explain the usefulness of more than one system. Among these systems, the two-valued system of classical logic takes its place. All the systems of logic can be incorporated into a complex mathematical model that has a place for each system and that represents a larger whole in human reasoning. The model can represent why tight formal systems of logic can be applied in some contexts with great success, but in other contexts are not directly applicable. The result suggests that human reasoning is innately richer than any one formal system of logic.

Numerical study of the physical processes of gas leakage in the compression ring in diesel engines

In this research, the construction of a numerical model is proposed for the analysis of the friction processes and the thickness of the lubrication film present in the compression ring of internal combustion engines. The model is built using MATLAB software, and three load conditions are used as reference (2 Nm, 4 Nm, and 6 Nm) with a rotation speed of 3600 rpm, which correspond to a stationary single-cylinder diesel engine. Comparison between model estimates and experimental results show that the development model could predict the actual engine conditions. The deviation between the numerical model and the experimental data was 17%. It was shown that the increase in engine load causes a 16% increase in the friction force of the compression ring, which implies a 50% increase in power loss due to friction processes. In general, the model developed allows the analysis of the friction processes in the compression ring and its effect on the lubrication film, considering the leakage of the combustion gases. In this way, the construction of a more complex mathematical model is achieved, which allows improving the precision in the analyzes related to the interaction between the compression ring and the cylinder liner.

Mathematical modeling and algorithm for calculation of thermocatalytic process of producing nanomaterial

<p>At present, when constructing a mathematical description of the pyrolysis reactor, partial differential equations for the components of the gas phase and the catalyst phase are used. In the well-known works on modeling pyrolysis, the obtained models are applicable only for a narrow range of changes in the process parameters, the geometric dimensions are considered constant. The article poses the task of creating a complex mathematical model with additional terms, taking into account nonlinear effects, where the geometric dimensions of the apparatus and operating characteristics vary over a wide range. An analytical method has been developed for the implementation of a mathematical model of catalytic pyrolysis of methane for the production of nanomaterials in a continuous mode. The differential equation for gaseous components with initial and boundary conditions of the third type is reduced to a dimensionless form with a small value of the peclet criterion with a form factor. It is shown that the laplace transform method is mainly suitable for this case, which is applicable both for differential equations for solid-phase components and calculation in a periodic mode. The adequacy of the model results with the known experimental data is checked.</p>

MODELING OF ENERGY CONVERSION PROCESSES IN THE SYSTEM VIBRA-TION ENERGY RECOVERY OF VEHICLES

The article presents a complex mathematical model of the energy recovery system for mechanical vibrations of vehicles moving in difficult road conditions. Such a system is an auxiliary power supply system that enhances the functionality of modern vehicles. The mathematical model takes into account the entire set of processes for converting the energy of mechanical vibrations in the following sequence: mechanical energy of the reciprocating oscillatory motion of the vehicle chassis - mechanical energy of the rotational motion of the electric generator shaft - electrical energy of the alternating current of the generator - direct current electrical energy of the battery. The modes of operation of the system are investigated, which provide efficient processes of charging the battery. For a specific example, data on the charging time of a truck battery is given. References 9, figures 7.

Numerical Study of the Process of Salt Water Inflow to the Don Mouth from the Taganrog Bay

Purpose. Numerical study based on the model example is aimed at examining the process of the salt water inflow to the Stary Don sleeve from the Taganrog Bay due to the wind water surge. Methods and Results. Complex mathematical model of the flow and salt distribution in the open riverbed is described. The section of the River Don, consisting of the Stary Don sleeve and a part of the main channel was considered. Salt is delivered through the host reservoir – the Taganrog Bay. The model is described by the system of Saint-Venant equations and the convection-diffusion equation. The problem is solved by the finite-difference methods. The results of the numerically studied influence of the sea surface level in the Taganrog Bay both on the flow nature in the Don Delta area and the degree of salt penetration upstream of the river are obtained. It was numerically established that the flow rate did not significantly affect salt concentration in the Don main channel. Conclusions. The computational experiments showed that the decisive factor in the process of the salt water inflow to the Don Delta from the Taganrog Bay consisted in the sea level significant increase resulting from extreme wind surges; and the preceding runoffs enhanced this effect even greater. The represented model gives an idea of the general trend in the process of the Don Delta possible salinization as a result of the surge phenomena.

Numerical Study of the Process of Salt Water Inflow to the Don Mouth from the Taganrog Bay

Purpose. Numerical study based on the model example is aimed at examining the process of the salt water inflow to the Stary Don sleeve from the Taganrog Bay due to the wind water surge. Methods and Results. Complex mathematical model of the flow and salt distribution in the open riverbed is described. The section of the River Don, consisting of the Stary Don sleeve and a part of the main channel was considered. Salt is delivered through the host reservoir – the Taganrog Bay. The model is described by the system of Saint-Venant equations and the convection-diffusion equation. The problem is solved by the finite-difference methods. The results of the numerically studied influence of the sea surface level in the Taganrog Bay both on the flow nature in the Don Delta area and the degree of salt penetration upstream of the river are obtained. It was numerically established that the flow rate did not significantly affect salt concentration in the Don main channel. Conclusions. The computational experiments showed that the decisive factor in the process of the salt water inflow to the Don Delta from the Taganrog Bay consisted in the sea level significant increase resulting from extreme wind surges; and the preceding runoffs enhanced this effect even greater. The represented model gives an idea of the general trend in the process of the Don Delta possible salinization as a result of the surge phenomena

MODEL FOR PLANNING AND FORECASTING DECOMPRESSION DIVES USING THE CORRECTION METHOD

В работе описана разработанная модель планирования и прогнозирования декомпрессионных погружений с помощью модифицированного метода Градиент-Фактор. В работе подробно описаны подмодели входящие в комплексную математическую модель планирования погружений. The paper describes the developed model for planning and forecasting decompression dives using the modified Gradient Factor method. The paper describes in detail the sub-models included in the complex mathematical model of diving planning.

Method for calculating dynamic loads and energy consumption of a sucker rod installation with an automatic balancing system

The efficiency of sucker rod pump installations, which have become widespread in mechanized lift practice, is largely determined by the balance of the drive. During the operation of sucker rod installations, the balance of loads acting on the rod string and the drive can change significantly due to changes in the dynamic fluid level, which leads to a decrease in balance and an increase in loads on the pumping equipment units. The increase and decrease in the dynamic level in accordance with the pumping and accumulation cycle occurs in wells operating in the periodic pumping mode. It is shown that during the operation of equipment in a periodic mode, fluctuations in the dynamic level and, accordingly, in the loads acting on the nodes occur. This leads to the need for dynamic adjustment of the balancing weights to ensure the balance of the pumping unit. A system for automatic balancing of the rod drive has been developed, including a balancing counterweight, an electric motor that moves the load along the balance beam, a propeller and a computing unit. To study the effectiveness of the proposed device, a complex mathematical model of the joint operation of the reservoir - well - sucker rod pump - rod string – pumping unit has been developed. It is shown that due to the dynamic adjustment of the balance counterweight position, the automatic balancing system makes it possible to significantly reduce the amplitude value of the torque on the crank shaft (in comparison with the traditional rod installation) and provide a more uniform load of the electric motor. Equalization of torque and motor load reduces the power consumption of the unit.

Micropolar fluid between two coaxial cylinders (numerical approach)

The paper describes the flow of a suspension which is a mixture of two phases: liquid and solid granules. The continuum model with microstructure is introduced, which involves two independent kinematic quantities: the velocity vector and the micro-rotation vector. The physical analogy is based on the movement of the suspension between two coaxial cylinders. The inner cylinder is stationary and the outer one rotates with constant angular velocity. This physical analogy enabled a mathematical model in a form of two coupled differential equations with variable coefficients. The aim of the paper is to present the numerical aspect of the solution for this complex mathematical model. It is assumed that the solid granules are identically oriented and that under the influence of the fluid they move translationally or rotate around the symmetry axis but the direction of their symmetry axes does not change. The solution was obtained by the ordinary finite difference method, and then the corresponding sets of points (nodes) were routed by interpolation graphics.