ENCANTOS E ENCONTROS DA BIBLIOTERAPIA PARA PESSOAS COM DEFICIÊNCIA VISUAL = BIBLIOTHERAPY CHARMS AND MEETINGS FOR PEOPLE WITH VISUAL IMPAIRMENTS

A leitura possui um vasto significado na vida do ser humano, independentemente do ambiente ou da forma como aconteça. Especialmente por meio da Biblioterapia, ela pode representar grandes transformações e, para as pessoas com deficiência visual (de forma congênita ou adquirida), pode oferecer oportunidades de identidade, integração e expressão, despertando possibilidades importantes que podem ser trabalhadas e incluídas por bibliotecários em seu ambiente informacional. Com o objetivo de descrever sobre a prática e essas possibilidades, realizou-se uma breve revisão de literatura, somada à descrição de duas sessões de Biblioterapia realizadas na biblioteca de um instituto especializado mediado por uma Bibliotecária, na Paraíba, em João Pessoa. Assim, foi possível identificar como a leitura auxilia a pessoa com deficiência visual a desvendar, recordar e se encantar com um mundo cheio de descobertas, imaginação e diversão, mesmo de forma diferente. Resultados apontam inúmeros benefícios e demonstram o quanto a Biblioterapia favorece a inclusão das pessoas com deficiência visual nas sessões desenvolvidas nas bibliotecas e amplia os horizontes profissionais do bibliotecário em relação aos seus usuários.AbstractReading has a vast meaning in human life, regardless of the environment or the way it happens. Especially through Bibliotherapy, it can represent great transformations and, for people with visual impairment (congenital or acquired), it can offer opportunities for identity, integration and expression, awakening important possibilities that can be worked on and included by librarians in their informational environment. In order to describe the practice and these possibilities, a brief literature review was carried out, together with the description of two Bibliotherapy sessions held in the library of a specialized institute mediated by a Librarian, in Paraíba, João Pessoa. Thus, it was possible to identify how reading helps the visually impaired person to unravel, remember and be enchanted by a world full of discoveries, imagination and fun, even in a different way. Results point out numerous benefits and demonstrate how bibliotherapy favors the inclusion of people with visual impairments in the sessions developed in libraries and expands the librarian's professionalhorizons in relation to their users.

Направления реализации стратегии национальной безопасности стран Балтийского региона

The article analyzes the strategy and principles of building the national security strat-egy of the Russian Federation, considers the priorities of ensuring national security. Security doc-trines are aimed at security in the military, political, and informational environment. The article highlights the priority tasks in the field of national defense of the Russian Federation. The review analyzes the integrated security strategies of the countries of the Baltic region – Estonia, Lithuania, Latvia; analyzes the effectiveness of the doctrine of “total defense” of Estonia, the procedure and forms of its implementation. It is stated that the Baltic countries are considering various options to improve security, the concept of “total defense”, is based on the protection of the position of neu-trality, the defense policy of the countries is based on cooperation with large European and regional countries (Finland, Sweden, Poland). The article states that the military security of countries is associated with the need to deepen cooperation with NATO. The doctrine of territorial defense of Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, directions of defense policy and territorial security is analyzed.

Attentional Literacy as a New Literacy: Helping Students Deal with Digital Disarray

When students learn online, they do so within a wider context of digital disarray, marked by distraction, disorder and disconnection, which research shows to be far from conducive to effective learning. Specific educational issues include a lack of focus, linked to information overload in an environment characterized by misinformation and disinformation, as well as a lack of connection to the self and others. Arguing that today’s growing focus on digital literacies in education already serves as a partial response to digital disarray, this evidence-based position paper proposes the concept of attentional literacy as a macroliteracy which interweaves elements of now established literacies with the emerging educational discourse of mindfulness. Through attentional literacy, students may gain awareness of how to focus their attention intentionally on the self, the relationship with others, and the informational environment, resulting in a more considered approach to learning coupled with an appreciation of multiple shifting perspectives. Armed with this developing skillset, students stand to benefit more fully from digital educational experiences. Considerations for continuing research in this area include the need to adopt a critical stance on mindfulness, and the need to operationalize attentional literacy for the classroom.

Themes, communities and influencers of online probiotics chatter: A retrospective analysis from 2009-2017

We build on recent examinations questioning the quality of online information about probiotic products by studying the themes of content, detecting virtual communities and identifying key influencers in social media using data science techniques. We conducted topic modelling (n = 36,715 tweets) and longitudinal social network analysis (n = 17,834 tweets) of probiotic chatter on Twitter from 2009–17. We used Latent Dirichlet Allocation (LDA) to build the topic models and network analysis tool Gephi for building yearly graphs. We identified the top 10 topics of probiotics-related communication on Twitter and a constant rise in communication activity. However the number of communities grew consistently to peak in 2014 before dipping and levelling off by 2017. While several probiotics industry actors appeared and disappeared during this period, the influence of one specific actor rose from a hub initially to an authority in the latter years. With multi-brand advertising and probiotics promotions mostly occupying the Twitter chatter, scientists, journalists, or policymakers exerted minimal influence in these communities. Consistent with previous research, we find that probiotics-related content on social media veers towards promotions and benefits. Probiotic industry actors maintain consistent presence on Twitter while transitioning from hubs to authorities over time; scientific entities assume an authoritative role without much engagement. The involvement of scientific, journalistic or regulatory stakeholders will help create a balanced informational environment surrounding probiotic products.

Territorio usado e circuito superior marginal: Equipamentos médicos em campinas, Ribeirão Preto e São José do Rio Preto (SP)

A tecnociência, a informação e as finanças são variáveis determinantes da globalização e isso se releva também para a saúde. Os avanços tecnológicos no campo da medicina e a recente sofisticação dos serviços de diagnóstico e tratamento revelam a difusão do meio técnico científico e informacional (Santos, 1994), ao mesmo tempo em que reforçam antigas concentrações da produção de bens e de serviços de saúde. No Brasil, o impacto seletivo das modernizações criou uma produtividade geográfica em algumas cidades do estado de São Paulo, como Campinas, Ribeirão Preto e São José do Rio Preto. É, portanto, no contexto da urbanização recente que podemos observar novas formas de trabalho ligadas aos equipamentos médicos que emergem dentro do processo de substituição de umadivisão do trabalho por outra mais moderna. Uma diversidade de agentes com diferentes níveis de capital, tecnologia e organização passa a dinamizar uma economia urbana complexa ligada a rede de cidades do país, dando forma aos circuitos da economia urbana (Santos, 1979). O território usado para produzir e consumir saúde mostrou como a tecnificação da medicina moderna tem beneficiado um processo acelerado de renovação técnica e normativa da produção nacional de aparelhos médicos. O circuito superior marginal desses equipamentos emergente nessas três cidades foi capaz de nos mostrar novos mecanismos de oligopolização da economia urbana e de uso do território Technoscience, information and finance are determining variables of globalization, and this is also relevant to health. Technological advances in the medical field and the recent sophistication of diagnostic and treatment services reveal the diffusion of the technical scientific and informational environment (Santos, 1994), while at the same time reinforcing old concentrations of the production of goods and health services. In Brazil, the selective impact of modernizations has created a geographical productivity in some cities of the state of São Paulo, such as Campinas, Ribeirão Preto and São José do Rio Preto. It is, therefore, in the context of recent urbanization that we can observe new forms of work linked to medical equipment emerging within the process of replacing one division of labor with a more modern one. A diversity of agents with different levels of capital, technology and organization start to dynamize a complex urban economy linked to the network of cities in the country,shaping the circuits of the urban economy (Santos, 1979). The territory used to produce and consume health showed how the technification of modern medicine has benefited an accelerated process of technical and normative renovation of the national production of medical equipment. The marginal upper circuit of these equipment emerging in these three cities was able to show us new mechanisms of oligopolization of the urban economy and of the use of territory.

Influence of tolerance to uncertainty on personal and professional development of pilots during aviation specialists’ training

The application of a new pragmatic educational model in the information environment of the higher technical education institution, which corresponds to the innovative and perspective model of society development, determined the transition from the process approach in the organisation of professional training of future aviation specialists to a reflective and effect–oriented one. It forms the basis of training objectives related to providing the country with specialists in aviation industry. The aim of the study is to theoretically substantiate, develop and experimentally test the effectiveness of the professional training model for future specialists under the conditions of uncertainty of the educational process of higher education institutions on the basis of a reflective approach. The result of the experimental stage of the study, as the foundation of the personal and professional development of the student, confirmed the effectiveness of the model based on the reflective approach. The systemically important core of the study considered the goals and results implemented in the educational and informational environment of the National Aviation University with the help of appropriately constructed psychological and pedagogical conditions, which were implemented at each stage of professional training with the innovative educational technologies.

Analysis and Implementation of Threat Agents Profiles in Semi-Automated Manner for a Network Traffic in Real-Time Information Environment

Threat assessment is the continuous process of monitoring the threats identified in the network of the real-time informational environment of an organisation and the business of the companies. The sagacity and security assurance for the system of an organisation and company’s business seem to need that information security exercise to unambiguously and effectively handle the threat agent’s attacks. How is this unambiguous and effective way in the present-day state of information security practice working? Given the prevalence of threats in the modern information environment, it is essential to guarantee the security of national information infrastructure. However, the existing models and methodology are not addressing the attributes of threats like motivation, opportunity, and capability (C, M, O), and the critical threat intelligence (CTI) feed to the threat agents during the penetration process is ineffective, due to which security assurance arises for an organisation and the business of companies. This paper proposes a semi-automatic information security model, which can deal with situational awareness data, strategies prevailing information security activities, and protocols monitoring specific types of the network next to the real-time information environment. This paper looks over analyses and implements the threat assessment of network traffic in one particular real-time informational environment. To achieve this, we determined various unique attributes of threat agents from the Packet Capture Application Programming Interface (PCAP files/DataStream) collected from the network between the years 2012 and 2019. We used hypothetical and real-world examples of a threat agent to evaluate the three different factors of threat agents, i.e., Motivation, Opportunity, and Capability (M, O, C). Based on this, we also designed and determined the threat profiles, critical threat intelligence (CTI), and complexity of threat agents that are not addressed or covered in the existing threat agent taxonomies models and methodologies.

Accounting conservatism and income smoothing practices in EU food and drink industry

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to identify the application of the fundamental principle of accounting conservatism within the EU food and drink industry. Furthermore, the authors would also investigate in-depth the above relationship in two different subsamples (income smoothers and non-income smoothers).Design/methodology/approachAll EU-listed companies of the food and drink industry were identified covering the year 2019. Eckel's model was used to classify listed companies as smoothing or non-smoothing, and Basu's model was adopted to test the degree of conditional conservatism.FindingsThe results indicate that conservatism is strongly present in food and drink industry and also in its subindustries. We also showed that non-smoothing firms had higher levels of conditional conservatism in terms of more opportunity to recognize future economic losses because the market could use the stock return data to anticipate future losses contained in the information regarding profits.Research limitations/implicationsOne limitation of this work is the small size of the investigated companies. The authors demonstrate that the likely increased use of conservatism produces better credibility in the EU markets. Practical implications indicate a higher degree of monitoring of the accounting practices adopted by firms. Regulators have to set accounting policies to enhance the quality of the informational environment, investors and shareholders might exercise control over executives' decisions, and lenders might impose contractual clauses requiring the timely disclosure of “bad news.”Originality/valueThis industry is “belted” from any external speculations. This research made it possible also to observe theoretical relationships between the financial information provided by the EU food and drink industry that contributes to the market distinction between smoothers and non-smoothers.

Russia's ‘Sharp Power’ Manifestations in Lithuania's Mass Media

The concept of ‘sharp power’ has recently emerged as a reaction to the assertiveness of authoritarian regimes. It serves to underline the complexity of challenges which are posed by authoritarian regimes, referring to diverse front lines in the overall ‘battle’, be they culture, education, or the media. The latter, according to Dmitri Trenin, “has become such a crowded battlefield”. This paper attempts to fill in the information gap regarding Russia’s ‘sharp power’ manifestations in Lithuania’s mass media and focuses on NATO related messages in particular. The paper presupposes that messages which evoke an air of support for Russia’s foreign and security policy tend to pass through to Lithuania’s mass media, and argues that, as a result of the insufficient activity by Lithuania’s mass media in terms of forming an independent perception of Russia vis-à-vis NATO, the preconditions for possible manifestations of Russia’s use of sharp power are therefore created. The article is organised into four parts. The first section sets out a theoretical framework for the analysis which focuses on the concept of sharp power. Then the research methodology is outlined. The third section presents features of the informational environment of Lithuania in 2016 and 2019. The final, and most elaborated, section investigates messages which apparently serve to support Russia’s foreign and security policy in terms of the NATO‘s topic in Lithuania’s mass media based on the aforementioned criteria.