Understanding the use of Challakere grasslands by the local communities and their livestocks

Challakere grasslands have been in news since the allotment of Amruth Mahal Kavals to the prestigious institutions like the BARC, DRDO, ISRO and IISC in 2008. There was lot of anger and demonstration being held from Challakere to the national capital New Delhi. The supreme court formed a Central Inquiry Committee and heard the queries of both the contestant parties. Finally there is access to only few things in the allocated kavals like the temple, drinking water and few important roads. The lifestyle of the people who are staying around these kavals have changed since last ten years. The people who always grew some crops during the rainy season and then grazed their livestock in the vast kavals have lost hopes on both, thanks to the diminished rains and shrinking of kaval. The livestock number is fast decreasing due to the scarcity of fodder which is shown both in secondary data and also from the socio-economic survey we conducted. Wildlife has dwindled with number and the imbalance in predator- prey population may pose a threat to the future remaining agricultural lands.

Etude Comparative De La Rentabilité Des Systèmes De Pompage Solaire Et Thermique Sur Le Périmètre Irrigué De Soumarana Au Niger

Le Niger dispose d’important potentiel de terre irrigable et plusieurs formes d’irrigation ont été développées notamment la petite irrigation, afin de réduire la dépendance de la production vis-à-vis des aléas climatiques. L’objectif de ce travail est de justifier le besoin de vulgariser la technologie des équipements de pompage solaire. Pour cela une enquête technicoéconomique a été conduite auprès d’un échantillon de 80 exploitants choisis de manière aléatoire sur le périmètre irrigué de Soumarana, à raison de 40 irrigants utilisant des systèmes de pompage thermique et 40 des systèmes de pompage photovoltaïque. Les cultures de carotte et d’oignon, étant les principales spéculations, ont été retenues pour conduire l’étude afin de comparer les performances de systèmes de pompage en place. Il ressort de l’analyse des résultats que le système de pompage solaire dégage des marges brutes nettement supérieure à celles du système de pompage thermique avec des différences de l’ordre de 402 148 FCFA/ha et 342 812 FCFA/ha respectivement pour la culture de carotte et celle de l’oignon. De même, le coût du pompage du mètre cube d’eau en système de pompage solaire est nettement inférieur à celui du système de pompage thermique avec respectivement 57,27 FCFA/m3 et 80,75 FCFA/m3. Ces résultats indiquent une meilleure performance du système de pompage solaire comparativement au système thermique. Niger Republic has significant potential for irrigable land and several forms of irrigation have been developed, including small-scale irrigation, in order to reduce the dependence of production on climatic hazards. The objective of this study is to justify the need to popularize solar pumping equipment technology. To this purpose, a techno-economic survey was conducted among a sample of 80 farmers chosen randomly in the Soumarana irrigated area, at the rate of 40 farmers under fuel powered pumping system and 40 under photovoltaic pumping system. Carrot and onion crops, being the main speculations, were selected to conduct the study to compare both pumping systems performances. The analysis of the results shows that the solar pumping system has higher gross margins than the fuel powered pumping system with differences of the order of 402 148 FCFA/ha and 342 812 FCFA/ha respectively for carrot and onion crops. Similarly, the cost of pumping per cubic meter in the solar pumping system was clearly lower than that of the fuel powered pumping system with respectively 57.27 FCFA/m3 and 80.75 FCFA/m3. These results indicate a better performance of the solar pumping system compared to the fuel powered ones

Food Insecurity and Healthcare Utilization in Indonesia: Evidence from Indonesian National Household Surveys

Treatment for sicknesses in healthcare is a crucial determinant to improve health. In Indonesia, the unmet need for healthcare is common for people in the lower economic group. This study aims to examine how food insecurity affects outpatient care using the indicators of food insecurity to highlight individuals with high health risks and experiencing problems with limited resources. The data used in this study consisted of 159,236 individuals representing different age ranges from the 2017 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS) and the 2018 Village Potential Census (PODES). Data were analyzed using ivprobit to address bias due to the endogeneity in the food insecurity variables. The results indicate that a higher food insecurity score will increase the chances of not accessing modern healthcare for outpatient care when sick. Several variables like sex, types of residence, number of household members living together, access to healthcare, health insurance, social protection, and illness characteristic were also found to influence individual behavior in not utilizing modern healthcare for outpatient care. This study suggests that policymakers should pay attention to the utilization of modern healthcare, especially for outpatient care in groups experiencing food insecurity.

Pengaruh Lembaga Pendidikan dan Penanggulangan Bencana Daerah terhadap Partisipasi Pelatihan Bencana Rumah Tangga

Disaster coping management is important to be well managed by the government and all stakeholders because Indonesia is a disaster-prone area. Disaster risk reduction (DRR) is needed because of the number of disasters occurring recently have serious impacts on the economy, social and environment. This study aims to look at the effect of education institution and regional disaster management institutions (BPBD) on household participation of disaster training as an effort of DRR. Literature also revealed that regional and households characteristics have an important role in implementing DRR.The design of this study uses quantitative logit regression analysis using secondary data from 297,276 household respondents from the 2017 National Socio-Economic Survey (SUSENAS). The results showed the disaster institutions at the district level, secondary education and universities has a significant impact and was able to provide an increase in probability of household disaster training participation. Abstrak: Manajemen penanggulangan bencana merupakan hal yang penting dikelola dengan baik oleh pemerintah dan semua elemen masyarakat karena Indonesia memiliki wilayah rawan bencana. Pengurangan risiko bencana (PRB) diperlukan mengingat banyaknya kejadian bencana dewasa ini berdampak cukup serius pada perekonomian, sosial maupun lingkungan hidup. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk melihat pengaruh lembaga pendidikan serta keberadaan lembaga penanggulangan bencana daerah terhadap partisipasi pelatihan atau simulasi bencana rumah tangga sebagai upaya PRB. Literatur juga mengungkapkan bahwa karakteristik daerah memiliki peran penting dalam implementasi PRB secara optimum. Desain penelitian ini menggunakan analisis kuantitatif regresi logit dengan memanfaatkan data sekunder 297,276 responden rumah tangga dari Survei Sosial Ekonomi Nasional (SUSENAS) tahun 2017. Hasil menunjukan keberadaan lembaga penanggulangan bencana kab/kota dan lembaga pendidikan di daerah berupa pendidikan menengah, perguruan tinggi memiliki pengaruh signifikan dan dapat memberikan peningkatan terhadap kemungkinan partisipasi pelatihan kebencanaan rumah tangga.

COVID-19 Pandemic and the Rising Gig Economy: An Emerging Perspective

The Gig economy refers to short term jobs, contract or freelance work and flexi timing jobs as opposed to traditional full-time labor, which has witnessed a rapid growth in the last decade across the globe. Digital platforms have largely developed a free market system where independent workers connect with the buyers of the services. The Platform or Gig economy has grown at a much faster pace than ever before from the onset of COVID-19 pandemic. Since the COVID-19 lockdown, the labor market has been affected in a drastic way and a trend towards short-term and temporary jobs has become commonplace. The Economic Survey, 2020-21 highlights the growing importance of Gig economy in India amid the pandemic-induced lockdown which has led to an immense growth in the online retail business. The employers began layoffs and instead engaged freelancers or flexi staff to bring down their overhead costs. Many studies have been conducted now on assessing the impact of the ongoing pandemic on the economy and stock markets, however, very few studies focus on the influence the pandemic had on the Gig economy. The present study attempts to fill this gap by evaluating the impact of COVID-19 on the Gig economy by assessing whether the increase in new COVID-19 cases lead to an increase in the number of gig workers in the Indian economy, or in other words, exerts a significant impact on the Indian gig economy or not.

Dairying in the Wairarapa: A Socio-Economic Survey Interpreted in Terms of Historical Small Farm Settlement

<p>The term "Wairarapa" is often used today to define all the area east of the North Island axis ranges, from Woodville southwards to Palliser Bay, but this is not the historical context in which the name is used in this essay. Being in large measure an historical interpretation of dairying in terms of small farm settlement, the present work refers to the Wairarapa as that area in which small farm settlements had been established prior to 1873 and which was known at the time as the Wairarapa. On this basis the Wairarapa is defined as that area east of the Tararua and Rimutaka Ranges from Mauriceville south. Since most dairying within this delimited zone has traditionally been located on the "Wairarapa Lowland", the unity of the survey area is established by all except the northernmost portion of the "Mauriceville Settlement", being within the catchment of the Ruamahunga River. The Mauriceville Settlement has been included because, although one of the "Forty Mile Bush" Settlements, its historical associations have traditionally been with the Wairarapa Lowland rather than with the other "Bush Settlements" further to the north.</p>

Dairying in the Wairarapa: A Socio-Economic Survey Interpreted in Terms of Historical Small Farm Settlement

<p>The term "Wairarapa" is often used today to define all the area east of the North Island axis ranges, from Woodville southwards to Palliser Bay, but this is not the historical context in which the name is used in this essay. Being in large measure an historical interpretation of dairying in terms of small farm settlement, the present work refers to the Wairarapa as that area in which small farm settlements had been established prior to 1873 and which was known at the time as the Wairarapa. On this basis the Wairarapa is defined as that area east of the Tararua and Rimutaka Ranges from Mauriceville south. Since most dairying within this delimited zone has traditionally been located on the "Wairarapa Lowland", the unity of the survey area is established by all except the northernmost portion of the "Mauriceville Settlement", being within the catchment of the Ruamahunga River. The Mauriceville Settlement has been included because, although one of the "Forty Mile Bush" Settlements, its historical associations have traditionally been with the Wairarapa Lowland rather than with the other "Bush Settlements" further to the north.</p>

Socio-Economic Survey: A Case Study of Village Bagda Doran District Dehradun, Uttrakhand

Socioeconomics is the field of study that examines social and economic factors to better understand how the combination of both influences something. Here is the report on the socioeconomic status of a small village which is situated on a hill near tourist spot Sahstaradhara. Socioeconomic study of villages is mainly for understanding the present condition of villages regarding the lifestyle, education status, health status, water hazards, food scarcity and overall development of rural areas. People of such areas are totally dependent on their shops which are in Sahastradhara. Apart from this, the people of the village are little engaged in primary activites like agriculture and forestry. Keywords: Field survey, Sex Ratio, Litteracy Rate, LPG