Prolonged lockdown: psychological risk factors among children and their mental health

The most talked phenomenon and sui generis of the modern time, the coronavirus diseases-2019 impacted individuals in a variety of ways. Older adults had a higher risk of vulnerability, while there were negative ramifications among children due to indirect impact. The preventive measures, including closing down of schools, malls and playgrounds as well as practising social distancing served as a shield against the hazard of outbreak. On the contrary, these strategies inculcated fear, anxiety, ambiguous communication and manifestation of externalizing behaviours in children. Children living in dysfunctional families in underprivileged circumstances were more susceptible to abuse during the pandemic, and had increased risk of behavioural symptomology and psychological morbidities. Challenges brought by the new normal for children requires redefining the role of parenting for effective monitoring and intervention to mitigate the symptoms. Preventive strategies outlined by international scientific communities include reflective listening, debriefing and psychological first aid for effective

The role of parental attention in shaping personality of the child of school age

Researched is the theme of influence of various factors on the formation of children's personality. The most important one of them are parents, their attention, and attitude towards a child. This study aims to assess the current situation of child-parent relationships, their importance, as well as the importance of school in a child’s personality formation. The study was conducted with the help of an interview with 90 schoolchildren from Kemerovo, Russia. For the convenience of the analysis, the children were divided into three groups: (1) 8–10 years old; (2) 11–14 years old; (3) 15–16 years old. There were 30 people in each age group. The results confirmed the opinions of other scientists and concepts that parental attention, care, and child-parent relationships in general are critical for the personality formation in children aged 8–16. There is a large number of families where there are some kind of problems in the relationship between children and their parents. The issue of lack of attention is most acute in incomplete as well as in dysfunctional families. The importance of parental attention decreases somewhat with age, but it remains a key factor in the formation of a child’s personality. This article is a contribution to the study of the psychology of parent-child relationships and their impact on the subsequent life of a person. This article may be of interest to teachers, psychologists, parents, and a wide range of people interested in the problem of child-parent relationships and the formation of a child's personality.

ON SOME ASPECTS OF SOCIO-CRIMINOLOGICAL RESEARCH ON HUMAN TRAFFICKING IN THE REPUBLIC OF KAZAKHSTAN

Purpose of the study. The article considers and analyzes the results of a socio-criminological study conducted on human trafficking in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The authors substantiate the thesis about the insufficiency of existing measures to combat human trafficking, which determines the need to find the most optimal, modern and timely legislative and law enforcement tools. The paper notes that the study obtained specific results related to the study of the features of the formation and optimization of the conceptual and categorical apparatus of the system of crimes related to human trafficking at the international and national levels; ideas, initiatives, proposals, and key results were developed in terms of modeling the policy of countering crimes related to human trafficking and their implementation in scientific and methodological, practical activities of human rights, law enforcement, and international organizations. Results. Within the framework of the study, the authors conclude that the main reasons for the origin of cases of human trafficking in the Republic of Kazakhstan are poverty, limited economic opportunities for access to effective employment, education, a significant difference in the level of economic development between countries and regions within the country, the crisis of the family, family values, domestic violence, the growth of dysfunctional families, general gender inequality, alcoholism, social orphanhood, and peculiarities of mentality. Social status, low level of education, young age, and psychoemotional state are also factors that increase the chances of becoming a victim of human trafficking.

The acquisition of autonomy, through benevolence, of children who are victims of domestic violence

From its etymology bene (good) and volens (will), benevolence means desire to do well. Benevolence is not an arbitrary notion or a theoretical apprehension. It unquestionably reveals man's humanism, which must combine in its daily practice and management with his fellow human beings and even with himself. In education, benevolence is crucial in mother-child relations. We believe that a mother must be benevolent, at the same time as; a child who has received the love of his mother (or parents) can love himself. This is a prerequisite for the acquisition of independent thought. The true cement of any family unit is the mutual love of all those who are called to live together. Paradoxically, love is not the foundation of all families. Unfortunately, there are dysfunctional families in which there are various and varied forms of violence. Children from this type of environment find themselves victims of abuse with all the possible traumatic consequences. Based on this observation, it is easy to reason by deduction: if family love conditions the acquisition of autonomy and children who are victims of family violence do not benefit from it within their families, then children who are victims of family violence are at a disadvantage in acquiring autonomy, or even that they cannot be autonomous. Thus, one may wonder to bring a child victim of family violence to the acquisition of his autonomy? What tools can be used to help a traumatized child become autonomous? How to rebuild a child who has suffered family trauma with a view to his or her autonomy? This article offers the reader benevolence, not as an instruction manual or prescription to be applied, but as a transferable and impactable posture.

Providing Social and Psychological Support to Dysfunctional Families in Regions

В статье рассматривается актуальная проблема социально-психологической работы с семьями, имеющими детей и находящимися в ситуациях семейного неблагополучия. Обращено внимание на то, что изучение и обобщение опыта и технологий социально-психологической работы регионов с ситуациями семейного неблагополучия может обеспечить успешность профилактики и реабилитации дезадаптированной семьи. Конкретизировано понятие ситуации семейного неблагополучия, приведена классификация проявлений семейного неблагополучия, описаны виды неблагополучных семей. Проанализирован опыт социально-психологической работы регионов с ситуациями семейного неблагополучия и обобщены технологии работы по организации семейно-ориентированного межведомственного сопровождения, в том числе кейс-технология, технология сетевой терапии, направленные на формирование у членов семьи умения разрешать свои жизненные проблемы самостоятельно, посредством развития ресурсов собственных и своего ближайшего окружения. Определены функции, знания, навыки и умения кейс-менеджера и сетевого терапевта. Обобщение опыта практической работы региональных учреждений социальной защиты населения с ситуациями семейного неблагополучия, конкретных примеров таких ситуаций и технологических этапов работы с ними будет способствовать реабилитации семьи в ходе изменения ее ситуации неблагополучия. Материалы статьи призваны расширить знания социальных педагогов и психологов о разнообразных ситуациях семейного неблагополучия, которые распространены среди различных типов семей, и будут способствовать повышению эффективности социально-психологической помощи неблагополучным семьям. The article treats the relevant issue of providing social and psychological support to children from dysfunctional families. The author maintains that in order to ensure successful prevention and rehabilitation of dysfunctional families, it is necessary to investigate the strategies of providing social and psychological support to children from dysfunctional families in the regions. The article discusses the notion of a dysfunctional family, classifies dysfunctional families and problems associated with them. The article analyzes the experience of social and psychological support provided to dysfunctional families in the regions and sums up the strategies of providing family-oriented support (case-technology and network therapy) aimed at developing the ability of independent problem solving in members of dysfunctional families by means of using their own resources and the resources of the environment. It identifies the functions, knowledge and skills required of case managers and network therapists. The article presents an overview of practical work of regional institutions providing social support to dysfunctional families, analyzes real cases and rehabilitation strategies. The materials of the article are used to enlarge upon social pedagogues’ and psychologists’ knowledge about different types of dysfunctional families and will enhance the effectiveness of social and psychological support provided to dysfunctional families of different types.

Selected aspects of shaping the adulthood attributes of clients in social work

The article presents the elements of social work, which are important for shaping the aspects of clients' adulthood. The methods, techniques and forms of help should mobilize the client to be active and independent. In the process of help, it is important to build a mutual relationship between a social worker and a client based on the treating as a subject, showing respect and listening. Such an attitude towards the assisted person is aimed at strengthening him/her on the way to regain control over his/her own life, to build a faith in his/her own possibilities and to take responsibility for his/her own fate and the fate of people dependent on the client. The social worker participates also in the process of empowering young people, who are brought up in foster care, and in the case of children from dysfunctional families, the social worker makes sure that they are not overwhelmed by the challenges of adulthood.

Coping with a narcissistic partner during lockdown - A qualitative research

This work is a phenomenological analysis that investigates how the lockdown was perceived by dysfunctional families, namely, narcissistic families. The literature indicates serious disorders in the family life of the narcissist, hostility, tension, conflict, instability (Campbell, Foster, 2002; Kohut, 1972), so, we are interested in describing how narcissistic partners perceive their relationship, and how they describe the period spent during the pandemic restrictions. Two case studies were conducted, which were selected so as to be relevant to the research objectives. We were also interested in the psychological symptoms of the two subjects investigated shortly after the restrictions were lifted. In this regard, the Revised 90 symptom assessment scale (Marian, M.I., 2008) was also applied. The results of this study confirm the negative effects on mental health that a relationship with a narcissistic partner holds during lockdown and encompasses surprising coping strategies that make living with a narcissistic partner possible. Keywords: lockdown, narcissistic family, stress, mental health, coping

Features of the physique of children of individual constitutions and social groups

Goal. To establish the features of the anatomical structure of the body of young men and women of various constitutional types and social groups. Material and methods. The somatotypological features of 328 children aged 17-18 years, who were students of secondary educational institutions of the Tyumen region, were determined. The data on the study were distributed according to the following characteristics: age, gender, constitution, and social group. The main group consisted of people who lived in dysfunctional families, and the children from the control group grew up and were brought up in prosperous conditions. Results. The study significantly complements the data on the physical development of young children of different constitutions and social groups of the Tyumen region. The obtained metric characteristics are the basis for creating an algorithm for evaluating somatic types in the considered child population. The morphotypological deviations in physical development revealed in the course of the study make it possible to prevent the development of pathological processes and to correct the existing disorders. Conclusion. Individual and typological features of the physique are recommended for use in the selection of preventive measures for health protection in educational institutions and the development of regional corrective health programs.

Pedagogical conditions of correctional and developmental education of children with mental retardation of puberty by means of visual arts as an element of socialization

In this paper, the author addresses the problem of socialisation of children with a history of disabilities and mental retardation by means of visual arts. It is important to look at the very sphere of life of these categories of children. As a rule, these children, for the most part, live in dysfunctional families, which makes it almost impossible to provide them with a form of socialization. This article focuses on the extent to which and how a programme of socialisation of these children can be achieved through the medium of visual arts. At the moment there are works of modern pedagogues who have devoted their scientific researches to this problem, but there are few teachers-artists who deal with this problem. In this article the author devotes his creative attention to this issue and reflects on what means of fine arts and visual literacy can develop and guide in the right direction the socialization of children and young people with disabilities by means of fine arts. A number of scientific works devoted to this problem are seriously reviewed. The author is actively trying to draw the attention of the teaching community to the problem of prevailing social conditions, to reach an educational and cognitive level and, as a consequence, to a better product of the set task of socialization of children with special needs and disabilities in the learning process by means of subject disciplines: drawing, painting, composition, printmaking, etc.

The work of a speech therapist teacher with families of the "risk group" in the conditions of a preschool educational institution

The author of the article offers a system of work on speech therapy and psychological support for children and parents of the "risk group" in the conditions of a preschool educational institution. The article describes the tasks, forms, directions, and types of work with dysfunctional families that encourage parents to engage in conscious activities for the development and upbringing of a child in the family.