Juventude Juventudes: dos contornos sobre o conceito às implicações de um programa socioeducativo

Estudo qualitativo que se utiliza de dados quantitativos, inicialmente realiza reflexão sobre o fenômeno juventude, a partir da visão de estudiosos preocupados com a problemática. Ressalta a visão sociológica do conceito advogada por Bourdieu (1983), Margulis e Urresti, (1996), Sposito (2000, 2002), passando pela defesa de Peralva (1997) e Dayrell (2007). Confirma que, juventude é um conceito socialmente construído, portanto, influenciado por condições materiais, históricas e políticas. Situa a juventude pesquisada como parte daquela que pertence aos estratos sociais mais baixos, evidenciando assim a conjuntura e dados que se articulam com o referencial discutido, o qual fornece elementos para localizá-la como uma entre as várias juventudes existentes no contexto estudado, com o fito de identificar a condição juvenil dos egressos do ProJovem em estudo. Objetiva ainda apurar as implicações do programa no que se refere à continuação dos estudos e ao acesso às oportunidades de trabalho, finalidades estabelecidas pelo ProJovem, para os jovens que o frequentam. Em relação à metodologia deste trabalho, participaram da pesquisa 74 egressos, e foram realizados grupos focais e aplicação de questionário como instrumental de pesquisa. O resultado do estudo conclui que os jovens pesquisados não dispõem de moratória social, mas carregam em si a condição de juventude construída em torno deles e que, a despeito de inúmeras variáveis contextuais, o ProJovem contribuiu para que os egressos prosseguissem os estudos, embora estejam inseridos em trabalho considerados de menor valor social.Palavras-chave: Condição de juventude; Construto social; Prosseguimento da escolarização.Youth Youths: from the contours about the concept to the implications of a socio-educational programABSTRACTQualitative study that uses quantitative data, reflects on the phenomenon of youth, from the perspective of scholars concerned with the issue. It highlights the sociological view of the concept advocated by Bourdieu (1983), Margulis; Urresti, (1996), Sposito (2000/2002), passing through the defense of Peralva (1997) and Dayrell (2007). It confirms that youth is a socially constructed concept, therefore, influenced by material, historical and political conditions. It places the researched youth as the part that belongs to the lowest social strata, thus evidencing the situation and data that articulate with the discussed framework, which provides elements to locate it as one among the various youths existing in the studied context, with the aim of identifying the youth condition of the ProJovem graduates under study. It also aims to investigate the implications of the program with regard to the continuation of studies and access to work opportunities, purposes established by ProJovem, for the young people who attend it. Regarding the methodology of this work, 74 graduates participated in the research, and focus groups and a questionnaire were applied as research tools. The result of the study concludes that the young people surveyed do not have a social moratorium, but carry within themselves the condition of youth built around them and that, despite numerous contextual variables, PROJOVEM contributed to the graduates continuing their studies, even though they are inserted in work considered of lesser social value.Keywords: Status of youth; Social construct; Continuation of schooling.Juventud Juventudes: de los contornos del concepto a las implicaciones de un programa socioeducativoRESUMENEstudio cualitativo que utiliza datos cuantitativos, inicialmente reflexiona sobre el fenómeno de la juventud, desde la perspectiva de los estudiosos preocupados com el tema. Enfatiza la visión sociológica del concepto defendida por Bourdieu (1983), Margulis; Urresti, (1996), Sposito (2000/2002), pasando por la defensa de Peralva (1997) y Dayrell (2007). Confirma que la juventud es un concepto construido socialmente, por lo tanto, influenciado por las condiciones materiales, históricas y políticas. Sitúa a los jóvenes investigados como parte de aquellos que pertenecen a los estratos sociales más bajos, evidenciando así la situación y los datos que se articulan con el tema discutido, lo que brinda elementos para ubicarlos como um grupo a más entre los diversos jóvenes existentes en el contexto estudiado, con el fin de identificar la condición juvenil de los egresados del Projovem en estudio. También tiene como objetivo investigar las implicaciones del programa en cuanto a la continuación de estudios y el acceso a oportunidades laborales, fines establecidos por el ProJovem, para los jóvenes que de él participan. En cuanto a la metodología de este trabajo, 74 egresados participaron de la investigación, y se aplicaron grupos focales y un cuestionario como herramientas de investigación. El resultado del estudio concluye que los jóvenes estudiados no tienen una moratoria social, sino que llevan consigo la condición de juventud construida en torno a ellos y que, a pesar de numerosas variables contextuales, el ProJovem contribuyó para que los egresados continuaran sus estudios, a pesar de estar inseridos en trabajos considerados de menor valor social. Palabras clave: Situación de la juventud; Construcción social; Búsqueda de la escolarización.

Sociological Approach to Journalism And Media: News Production

This paper points out the importance of a sociological approach to the study of journalism and media. The focus is on the sociological view of the news production process. How do organizational and professional requirements shape and limit journalistic work in news production? Some of the main concepts and interests of the sociological approach are presented, such as gatekeeping, personal characteristics of journalists, social control in newsrooms, relations between journalists and their sources, the issue of journalistic paraideology, and then these issues are discussed in the context of current journalism and media in BiH. The findings of this paper suggest that the meaning of the concept of gatekeeping in light of the dominance of Internet platforms needs to be explored; that we still don’t have a good enough picture of the people who produce the news in BiH; that the issue of social control in newsrooms should be reconsidered in the light of newsroom cutbacks. In addition, research is needed on the nature of the links between journalists and their sources, and the issue of journalistic paraideology in BiH should be examined in the context of reducing the gap between professional journalism and other forms of content production, but also through examination of inherited forms of patriotic journalism.

Critical Legal Essay to Advocate Iranian Children's Right to "Proper" Education

This article aims to create a critical legal essay to answer the main question of how to help Iranian governance in improving the respect of children's right to "proper education"? The concept of the "right to proper education" serves the Iranian children's right to education more consistently with the very sociocultural-Islamic context of this developing country rather than an allegedly occidental form of right to education. To create such an approach, we have combined a critical view to the Iranian legal system, as well as a sociological view to the Iranian educational system, while benefiting the philosophical results of an inquiry on virtue ethics and Islamic education. Finally, this critical legal essay suggests the Iranian governance to be open to a shift toward a modern contractual authority in the educational system to be more compatible with the psycho-emotional needs of children and at the same time to apply the virtue ethics' political advice to move toward a liberal form of educational policies that promotes the virtues of autonomy and toleration.

INOVAÇÃO ECONÔMICA EM PERSPECTIVA: UM OLHAR SOCIOLÓGICO NO CAMPO DOS INNOVATION STUDIES ECONOMIC INNOVATION IN PERSPECTIVE: A SOCIOLOGICAL VIEW IN THE FIELD OF INNOVATION STUDIES

Resenha sobre o livro Sociologia dell’innovazione economica do autor Francesco Ramella.

A sociological view toward the economic and technological development zones in China

Purpose This paper aims to introduce a sociological view to analyze the Economic and Technological Development Zones (ETDZs) in China. The ETDZs are established to foster concentrated regional economic development. Currently, there are 219 national level ETDZs throughout the country, and they account for more than 10% of China’s total GDP. Given the scale of the Chinese economy, the economic significance of the ETDZs indicates an important phenomenon for better understanding. Design/methodology/approach This paper conceptualizes the Chinese ETDZs with sociology concepts of place, institutional logics and habitus. Findings The sociological view centers on how the ETDZs can naturally evolve with the participation of firms. The authors show that firms operating in the ETDZs can unintentionally alter the dynamics of the policy environment. A process model of place, logics and practice is developed to encapsulate these ideas. Originality/value Conventional research on the connections between Chinese Government policies and business operations has been largely conducted under a political economy view which outlines a top-down logic (policymaking, followed by firms’ strategic response). The authors move away from this dogma by introducing a sociological view of the ETDZs. This new view highlights that a government-initiated policy environment in China can also evolve when firms are seeking to blend into the regulatory system, instead of trying to shape the coercive arrangements to suit their best interests.