Short and long term effects of breast feeding on child health Edited by B Koletzko, K Fleischer Michaelsen and O Hernell Advances in experimental medicine and biology series vol 478 Kluwer Academic/Plenum, New York, 2000 pp 447, price US$105.00 ISBN 0-306-46405-5

2001 ◽  
Vol 81 (15) ◽  
pp. 1598-1598
Author(s):  
M?R Nagel
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Breast Feeding ◽  
Experimental Medicine ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Short And Long Term

scholarly journals Ice and Forest Health

2000 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
William H. Smith
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
New Hampshire ◽  
Forest Health ◽  
Ice Storm ◽  
Health It ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Research Opportunities ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
State Region

Abstract In January 1998, a major ice storm damaged millions of urban and rural forest acres in the states of Maine, New Hampshire, Vermont, and New York. A total of 37 counties across the four-state region were designated Federal disaster areas. This article evaluates the storm's influence on general northeastern forest health. It presents a diagnosis of the damage, a prognosis of short- and long-term effects, and a prescription for management and research opportunities. North. J. Appl. For. 17(1)16-19.

Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation Reduced Tire Pressure Initiative

1997 ◽  
Vol 1589 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas L. Davies ◽  
Tami F. Wall ◽  
Allan Carpentier
Keyword(s):  
High Speed ◽  
Membrane Surface ◽  
Vehicle Stability ◽  
Road Maintenance ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Tire Pressure ◽  
Reduced Pressure ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Short And Long Term

After examination of the research carried out by other agencies, Saskatchewan Highways and Transportation (SHT) embarked on an initiative to adapt low tire pressure technologies to the province's needs and environment. The focus of the initiative was to explore several technical questions from SHT's perspective: (a) Can low tire pressures be used to increase truck weights from secondary to primary without increasing road maintenance costs on thin membrane surface roads? (b) What are the short- and long-term effects of tire heating under high-speed/high-deflection constant reduced pressure (CRP) operations in a Saskatchewan environment? (c) What effects do lower tire pressures have on vehicle stability at highway speeds? To date, significant opportunities have been noted on local hauls (less than 30 min loaded at highway speeds) for CRP operation and long primary highway hauls that begin or end in relatively short secondary highway sections that limit vehicle weight allowed for the whole trip for central tire inflation technology. The background and environment for the initiative and the investigations and demonstrations envisioned and undertaken are briefly outlined.

The Neurobiology of Pain

2019 ◽  
pp. 387-414
Author(s):  
Maria Fitzgerald ◽  
Michael W. Salter
Keyword(s):  
Early Life ◽  
Pain Perception ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Functional Changes ◽  
Pain Pathways ◽  
Developmental Age ◽  
Short And Long Term ◽  
Age And Sex

The influence of development and sex on pain perception has long been recognized but only recently has it become clear that this is due to specific differences in underlying pain neurobiology. This chapter summarizes the evidence for mechanistic differences in male and female pain biology and for functional changes in pain pathways through infancy, adolescence, and adulthood. It describes how both developmental age and sex determine peripheral nociception, spinal and brainstem processing, brain networks, and neuroimmune pathways in pain. Finally, the chapter discusses emerging evidence for interactions between sex and development and the importance of sex in the short- and long-term effects of early life pain.

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