Preparation and characterization of fluorine-containing aromatic condensation polymers. I. Preparation and characterization of fluorine-containing polycarbonate and copolycarbonates by two-phase phase-transfer-catalyzed polycondensation of 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)-1,1,1,3,3,3-hexafluoropropane and/or 2,2-bis (4-hydroxyphenyl)propane with trichloromethyl chloroformate

1990 ◽  
Vol 28 (12) ◽  
pp. 3327-3335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuo Saegusa ◽  
Minoru Kuriki ◽  
Akihiro Kawai ◽  
Shigeo Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Condensation Polymers ◽  
Phase Phase

Synthesis and Characterization of Optically Active Poly(N-Acryloyl-L-alanine) in Ionic Lliquids

2014 ◽  
Vol 1035 ◽  
pp. 464-468
Author(s):  
Rui Fan ◽  
Jin Shui Yao
Keyword(s):  
Ethyl Acetate ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Condensation Reaction ◽  
Optically Active ◽  
Synthesis And Characterization ◽  
Ammonium Bromide ◽  
Acryloyl Chloride ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Tetrabutyl Ammonium

The chiral monomer,N-acryloyl-L alanine, was synthesized by condensation reaction between acryloyl chloride and L-alanine using ethyl acetate and water as two-phase solvents, tetrabutyl ammonium bromide as phase transfer catalyst and ethyl acetate as the extraction solvent.And then, poly (N-acryloyl-L-alanine) was successfully prepared by free radical polymerization of above synthesized monomer using 2,2'-Azobis (2-methylpropionitrile) AIBN as initiator in ionic liquids. Their structures were characterized by1HNMR and IR. Optically activities were tested with Rotary Spectrometer. Melting point and glass transition temperature were tested with DSC. The molecular weight of the polymer was characterized with GPC.

Characterization of flow regimes in two phase flow using wavelet analysis

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Munzarin Morshed ◽  
Syed Imtiaz ◽  
Mohammad Aziz Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Wavelet Analysis ◽  
Two Phase Flow ◽  
Flow Regimes ◽  
Phase Flow ◽  
Two Phase

Small angle X-ray scattering study of porosity variation in a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer

1981 ◽  
Vol 46 (7) ◽  
pp. 1675-1681 ◽  
Author(s):  
Josef Baldrian ◽  
Božena N. Kolarz ◽  
Henrik Galina
Keyword(s):  
Small Angle ◽  
Structural Parameters ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Porosity Variation ◽  
Swelling Agent ◽  
X Ray Scattering ◽  
Styrene Divinylbenzene ◽  
Ray Scattering

Porosity variations induced by swelling agent exchange were studied in a styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer. Standard methods were used in the characterization of copolymer porosity in the dry state and the results were compared with related structural parameters derived from small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) measurements as developed for the characterization of two-phase systems. The SAXS method was also used for porosity determination in swollen samples. The differences in the porosity of dry samples were found to be an effect of the drying process, while in the swollen state the sample swells and deswells isotropically.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of a Fullerenol Derivative for Potential Biological Applications

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Eduardo Ravelo-Nieto ◽  
Alvaro Duarte-Ruiz ◽  
Luis H. Reyes ◽  
Juan C. Cruz
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Cellular Level ◽  
Cellulose Membrane ◽  
Cell Penetration ◽  
Covalent Functionalization ◽  
Dialysis Tubing ◽  
Surface Functionality

Several biological barriers are generally responsible for the limited delivery of cargoes at the cellular level. Fullerenols have unique structural features and possess suitable properties for interaction with the cells. This study aimed to synthesize and characterize a fullerenol derivative with desirable characteristics (size, charge, functionality) to develop cell penetration vehicles. Fullerenol was synthesized from fullerene (C60) solubilized in toluene, followed by hydroxylation with hydrogen peroxide and tetra-n-butylammonium hydroxide (TBAH) as a phase transfer catalyst. The obtained product was purified by a Florisil chromatography column (water as the eluent), followed by dialysis (cellulose membrane dialysis tubing) and freeze-drying (yield 66%). Subsequently, a silane coupling agent was conjugated on the fullerenol surface to render free amine functional groups for further covalent functionalization with other molecules. Characterization via UV–VIS, FTIR-ATR, Raman, DLS, and SEM techniques was conducted to evaluate the composition, size, morphology, surface functionality, and structural properties. We are currently working on the conjugation of the potent cell-penetrating agents Buforin II (BUFII) and the Outer Membrane Protein A (OmpA) on the surface of the fullerenol to estimate whether cell penetration and endosome escape are improved concerning conventional polymeric vehicles and our previous developments with iron oxide nanoparticles.

scholarly journals A Two-Phase Fashion Apparel Detection Method Based on YOLOv4

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 3782
Author(s):  
Chu-Hui Lee ◽  
Chen-Wei Lin
Keyword(s):  
Object Detection ◽  
Transfer Learning ◽  
Detection Method ◽  
Phase Transfer ◽  
Recognition Task ◽  
Phase Detection ◽  
Target Domain ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Detection Technology ◽  
Fashion Apparel

Object detection is one of the important technologies in the field of computer vision. In the area of fashion apparel, object detection technology has various applications, such as apparel recognition, apparel detection, fashion recommendation, and online search. The recognition task is difficult for a computer because fashion apparel images have different characteristics of clothing appearance and material. Currently, fast and accurate object detection is the most important goal in this field. In this study, we proposed a two-phase fashion apparel detection method named YOLOv4-TPD (YOLOv4 Two-Phase Detection), based on the YOLOv4 algorithm, to address this challenge. The target categories for model detection were divided into the jacket, top, pants, skirt, and bag. According to the definition of inductive transfer learning, the purpose was to transfer the knowledge from the source domain to the target domain that could improve the effect of tasks in the target domain. Therefore, we used the two-phase training method to implement the transfer learning. Finally, the experimental results showed that the mAP of our model was better than the original YOLOv4 model through the two-phase transfer learning. The proposed model has multiple potential applications, such as an automatic labeling system, style retrieval, and similarity detection.

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