A More Plausible Explanation of the Trade Frictions

1988 ◽  
pp. 82-113
Author(s):  
Ali M. El-Agraa
Keyword(s):  
Trade Frictions

Renewable Energy and Government Support: Time to ‘Green’ the SCM Agreement?

2014 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 479-506 ◽  
Author(s):  
SHERZOD SHADIKHODJAEV
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
Government Support ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Multilateral Trade ◽  
Appellate Body ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Support Time

AbstractMany governments provide subsidies to shift from ‘dirty’ but cheap fossil fuels to ‘clean’ but expensive renewable energy. Recently, public incentives in the renewable energy sector have been challenged through both dispute settlement procedures of the World Trade Organization and domestic countervailing duty investigations. One may expect that trade frictions in this field will intensify over time. This article argues that the Agreement on Subsidies and Countervailing Measures – a multilateral trade treaty on subsidization and anti-subsidy measures – should be revised to give more policy space to national authorities in implementing their low-carbon programmes. The Appellate Body made a few climate-friendly interpretations in Canada–Renewable Energy/Canada–Feed-In Tariff Program. It is now members’ turn to carry out meaningful rule-making reforms. This article explores some ways to ‘green’ the existing disciplines.

Establishment of an early warning system for international trade tensions in the Heilongjiang province of China

2021 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-28
Author(s):  
An Zhao Zhen ◽  
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Early Warning System ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Heilongjiang Province ◽  
Global Epidemic ◽  
General Importance ◽  
Strategic Issue ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
The Impact

In 2020, the global economic and trading environment has undergone major changes due to the impact of the global epidemic of the COVID-19. It is not only the world economy that has seriously suffered, protectionism in international trade is growing, and economic and trade frictions between countries with many factors have sharply worsened. Faced with a new situation and new challenges, accelerating the construction of an early warning system for international trade conflicts in Heilongjiang Province has become an important strategic issue of general importance.

scholarly journals On the measurement of trade costs: direct vs. indirect approaches to quantifying standards and technical regulations

2012 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 401-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
NATALIE CHEN ◽  
DENNIS NOVY
Keyword(s):  
Trade Costs ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Trade Cost ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Indirect Approach ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Observable Data ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
Cost Components ◽  
Technical Regulations

AbstractIn this article, we review the literature on the measurement of trade costs in international trade with a special emphasis on non-tariff measures and in particular on standards and technical regulations. We distinguish ‘direct’ from ‘indirect’ approaches. The direct approach collects observable data or proxy variables on trade cost components which are then typically used as regressors in a gravity equation of trade. Instead, the indirect approach infers the extent of trade impediments from trade flows. It compares actual trade flows to the trade flows predicted by a hypothetical frictionless benchmark scenario based on a micro-founded trade model, attributing the deviation of actual from predicted trade flows to trade frictions. We argue that economists and policy-makers can gain useful insights from both approaches.

China–US Trade Frictions Shaping New Equilibriums with the EU and the US

10.1142/11981 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xugang Yu ◽  
Mario Tettamanti ◽  
Cristiano Rizzi
Keyword(s):  
The Us ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
The Eu

A Comparative Study between Sino-US and Japan-US Trade Frictions with Big Data Technology

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4950-4954 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Sheng Lv ◽  
Chun Hui Wang
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Trade Deficit ◽  
The United States ◽  
Trade Disputes ◽  
Healthy Development ◽  
Trade Friction ◽  
Trade Sanctions ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
Big Data Technology

China and the United States are the two largest economies in the world, and there is a strong complementarily between their economies, so the volume of their bilateral trade is also very large. However, with the development of trade exchanges, bilateral trade friction also intensifies; especially in recent years, American trade deficit with China has grown very rapidly. In order to reverse the situation, the United States launched several trade litigations and implemented tough trade sanctions against China. It led to trade disputes between the two countries, which seriously damaged the healthy development of Sino-US relation. So we compares the similarities and differences between the two trade frictions, pointing out both valuable experience and negative lessons from Japan in handling Japan-US trade friction, so as to provide reference to China for easing Sino-US trade friction.

scholarly journals The Network Structure of International Trade

2014 ◽  
Vol 104 (11) ◽  
pp. 3600-3634 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Chaney
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Geographic Distribution ◽  
Network Structure ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
International Network ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
Novel Theory ◽  
Trade Frictions ◽  
Dynamic Formation

Motivated by empirical evidence I uncover on the dynamics of French firms' exports, I offer a novel theory of trade frictions. Firms export only into markets where they have a contact. They search directly for new trading partners, but also use their existing network of contacts to search remotely for new partners. I characterize the dynamic formation of an international network of exporters in this model. Structurally, I estimate this model on French data and confirm its predictions regarding the distribution of the number of foreign markets accessed by exporters and the geographic distribution of exports. (JEL D85, F11, F14, L24)

Legitimation strategies in discourse surrounding Sino-American trade friction: A case study of Chinese government white papers

2021 ◽  
pp. 175048132198983
Author(s):  
Xi Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Critical Discourse Analysis ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
The United States ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Trade Friction ◽  
The Us ◽  
Us Trade Policy ◽  
Chinese Cultural Values ◽  
Trade Frictions

This article reports a critical discourse analysis of the legitimation strategies used in two Chinese government white papers about trade frictions between China and the United States. Drawing on the legitimation framework advanced by van Leeuwen to political discourse, it shows how the white papers use four main legitimation strategies: authorization, moralization, rationalization, and integration. It argues that the Chinese government uses these strategies to legitimate its responses to US trade policy and delegitimate the US government’s motives for initiating/escalating tensions. This article also discusses how the use of these legitimation strategies draws from certain traditional Chinese cultural values, such as Confucianism, the culture of face, and collectivism. This article is a part of a larger research project studying discursive strategies in trade friction discourse and hopes to shed light on the attributes and functions of this type of discourse.

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