Ecological Experimentation: Strengths and Conceptual Problems

There are following prerequisites outlined in this article: worldwide democratization trend; complexity of structures of social systems; growing needs in human capital development; autonomy of national higher education institutions; civilizational problem of Ukraine in national elite. Conceptual problems on a road to real democracy in higher education institutions were actualized and analyzed. Determined and characterized three models of higher education institutions activities based on the level of democratization needs of their social environment as: negative, neutral and favorable.

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Peacebuilding

10.1093/oso/9780198733591.003.0011 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Herman T. Salton

Keyword(s):

International Relations ◽

Conceptual Problems

This chapter brings the story of DPA–DPKO relations up to the present. It argues that neither the bureaucratic nor the conceptual problems faced by UNAMIR—especially the difficulty of separating peacekeeping from peacebuilding—have been fully addressed, let alone solved. The chapter picks up the DPA–DPKO confrontation at the time of Kofi Annan’s elevation to SG and considers the changes that he (from 1997) and Ban Ki-moon (from 2007) introduced to tackle the difficult relations between DPA and DPKO. Annan’s response to this rivalry was the ‘Lead Department’ concept, whereas Ban—following a trend in post-9/11 international relations—prioritized peacebuilding and DPA over peacekeeping and DPKO. Since one of the key reasons behind their bureaucratic friction lies with the porous borders between peacekeeping and peacebuilding, it is unsurprising that the partial strengthening of DPA in 2008–09—well intentioned though it was—failed to solve the problem.

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The Rise of Christian Theology and the End of Ancient Metaphysics

10.1093/oso/9780198859956.001.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Johannes Zachhuber

Keyword(s):

Subsequent Development ◽

Fourth Century ◽

Christian Theology ◽

Gregory Of Nyssa ◽

Eastern Christianity ◽

First Millennium ◽

Full Analysis ◽

Conceptual Problems ◽

Philosophical Project ◽

First Time

It has rarely been recognized that the Christian writers of the first millennium pursued an ambitious and exciting philosophical project alongside their engagement in the doctrinal controversies of their age. This book offers for the first time a full analysis of this Patristic philosophy. It shows how it took its distinctive shape in the late fourth century and gives an account of its subsequent development until the time of John of Damascus. The book falls into three main parts. The first of them starts from an analysis of the philosophical project underlying the teaching of the Cappadocian fathers, Basil of Caesarea, Gregory of Nyssa, and Gregory of Nazianzus. This philosophy, arguably the first distinctively Christian theory of being, soon becomes near-universally shared in Eastern Christianity. A few decades after the Cappadocians, all sides in the early Christological controversy take its fundamental tenets for granted. Its application to the Christological problem thus appeared inevitable. Yet it created substantial conceptual problems. Parts II and III of the book describe in detail how these problems led to a series of increasingly radical modifications of the Cappadocian philosophy. The chapters of Part II are dedicated to the miaphysite opponents of the Council of Chalcedon, while Part III discusses the defenders of the Council from the early sixth to the eighth centuries. Through this overview, the book reveals this period as one of remarkable philosophical creativity, fecundity, and innovation.

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Confusions about ‘Inner’ and ‘Outer’ Voices: Conceptual Problems in the Study of Auditory Verbal Hallucinations

Review of Philosophy and Psychology ◽

10.1007/s13164-021-00532-x ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Franz Knappik ◽

Josef J. Bless ◽

Frank Larøi

Keyword(s):

Twentieth Century ◽

Clinical Assessment ◽

Empirical Studies ◽

Diagnostic Value ◽

Assessment Tools ◽

Auditory Verbal Hallucinations ◽

Early Twentieth Century ◽

Conceptual Problems ◽

The Mind

AbstractBoth in research on Auditory Verbal Hallucinations (AVHs) and in their clinical assessment, it is common to distinguish between voices that are experienced as ‘inner’ (or ‘internal’, ‘inside the head’, ‘inside the mind’, ...) and voices that are experienced as ‘outer’ (‘external’, ‘outside the head’, ‘outside the mind’, ...). This inner/outer-contrast is treated not only as an important phenomenological variable of AVHs, it is also often seen as having diagnostic value. In this article, we argue that the distinction between ‘inner’ and ‘outer’ voices is ambiguous between different readings, and that lack of disambiguation in this regard has led to flaws in assessment tools, diagnostic debates and empirical studies. Such flaws, we argue furthermore, are often linked to misreadings of inner/outer-terminology in relevant 19th and early twentieth century work on AVHs, in particular, in connection with Kandinsky’s and Jaspers’s distinction between hallucinations and pseudo-hallucinations.

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BASIC CONCEPTUAL PROBLEMS IN THE PSYCHOLOGY OF THINKING

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences ◽

10.1111/j.1749-6632.1961.tb50913.x ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 91 (1) ◽

pp. 6-21 ◽

Cited By ~ 12

Author(s):

J. P. Guilford

Keyword(s):

Conceptual Problems

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Complexity as Practice: A Reflection on the Creative Outcomes of a Sustained Engagement with Complexity

Leonardo ◽

10.1162/leon_a_00275 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 45 (2) ◽

pp. 106-112 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tom Davis

Keyword(s):

Complexity Theory ◽

Scientific Models ◽

Creative Work ◽

Research Practice ◽

Creative Practice ◽

Conceptual Problems ◽

The Creation ◽

The Relationship

This article presents a reflection on a body of creative work carried out during four years of Ph.D. research that explored the relationship between complexity theory and music. The article highlights conceptual problems that arose during the creation of the work, especially those associated with the exploration of scientific models for the creation of art. The author does not attempt to offer any final solutions but rather presents the journey undertaken through the combined artistic and research practice as a way of documenting the strategies he developed during this period of creative practice.

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Decoherence and its role in the modern measurement problem

Philosophical Transactions of The Royal Society A Mathematical Physical and Engineering Sciences ◽

10.1098/rsta.2011.0490 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 370 (1975) ◽

pp. 4576-4593 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

David Wallace

Keyword(s):

Wave Function ◽

Quantum Mechanics ◽

Quantum Measurement ◽

Measurement Problem ◽

Scientific Practice ◽

Measurement Theory ◽

Quantum Measurements ◽

Quantum Measurement Problem ◽

Modern Physics ◽

Conceptual Problems

Decoherence is widely felt to have something to do with the quantum measurement problem, but getting clear on just what is made difficult by the fact that the ‘measurement problem’, as traditionally presented in foundational and philosophical discussions, has become somewhat disconnected from the conceptual problems posed by real physics. This, in turn, is because quantum mechanics as discussed in textbooks and in foundational discussions has become somewhat removed from scientific practice, especially where the analysis of measurement is concerned. This paper has two goals: firstly (§§1–2), to present an account of how quantum measurements are actually dealt with in modern physics (hint: it does not involve a collapse of the wave function) and to state the measurement problem from the perspective of that account; and secondly (§§3–4), to clarify what role decoherence plays in modern measurement theory and what effect it has on the various strategies that have been proposed to solve the measurement problem.

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ASYMPTOTIC FREEDOM IN A SCALAR FIELD THEORY ON THE LATTICE

Modern Physics Letters A ◽

10.1142/s0217732398002655 ◽

1998 ◽

Vol 13 (31) ◽

pp. 2495-2501 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

KURT LANGFELD ◽

HUGO REINHARDT

Keyword(s):

Field Theory ◽

Scalar Field ◽

Scalar Particle ◽

Higgs Sector ◽

Asymptotic Freedom ◽

Scalar Field Theory ◽

Large N ◽

The Standard Model ◽

Conceptual Problems ◽

The Continuum

A scalar field theory in four space–time dimensions is proposed, which embodies a scalar condensate, but is free of the conceptual problems of standard ϕ4-theory. We propose an N-component, O(N)-symmetric scalar field theory, which is originally defined on the lattice. The scalar lattice model is analytically solved in the large-N limit. The continuum limit is approached via an asymptotically free scaling. The renormalized theory evades triviality, and furthermore gives rise to a dynamically formed mass of the scalar particle. The model might serve as an alternative to the Higgs sector of the standard model, where the quantum level of the standard ϕ4-theory contradicts phenomenology due to triviality.

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VARIOUS KINDS OF PROBLEMS IN AN ELECTRICITY AND MAGNETISM ASSESSMENT WITHIN AN INTRODUCTORY PHYSICS COURSE FOR CHEMISTRY MAJORS

10.33225/balticste/2017.108 ◽

2017 ◽

Author(s):

Lukáš Richterek ◽

◽

František Látal ◽

Keyword(s):

University Students ◽

Introductory Physics ◽

Choice Test ◽

Multiple Choice Test ◽

Assessment Data ◽

Score Difference ◽

Electricity And Magnetism ◽

Graph Reading ◽

Conceptual Problems ◽

Physics Course

An assessment is described in the introductory physics course for chemistry major students with the focus on solving problems from the electricity and magnetism. The experiences are summarised, obtained during the academic years 2014/2015, 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 from a multiple-choice test passed by 390 chemistry majors at the Faculty of Science in Olomouc. Various kinds of quiz problems were used, which can be divided into three categories: conceptual questions, numerical questions, questions with chart reading and interpretation. In the study assessment data are summarised and the score difference, achieved in the mentioned problem categories, is identified. The results did not prove that conceptual problems were more difficult for the set of students, but it is suggested, that students are more successful in the whole test to reach better scores in graph reading questions. Keywords: chemistry majors, physics course, university students.

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