scholarly journals Safety Cultures, Safety Models

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Safety Cultures ◽  
Safety Models

scholarly journals Safe Behaviour in The Petrochemical Industry: Evaluating The Consistency Between Conceptual Frameworks and Factors Reported by Iranian Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Zahiri Harsini ◽  
Philip Bohle ◽  
Lynda R Matthews ◽  
Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽  
Hormoz Sanaeinasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
Industrial Settings ◽  
Safety Cultures ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
The One ◽  
Organisational Factors ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background: Unsafe worker behaviour is often identified as a major cause of dangerous incidents in the petrochemical industry. Behavioural safety models provide frameworks that may help to prevent such incidents by identifying factors promoting safe or unsafe behaviour. A literature review was conducted to identify models of safe behaviour and determine which were most consistent with the experiences reported by workers in our qualitative study of the Iranian petrochemical industry.Methods: Five databases (EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus) were searched for studies between 2000 and 2019 that evaluated antecedents and outcomes of safe workplace behaviours in the petrochemical industry or other industrial settings. After duplications were removed, 141 publications were screened and 31 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Constructs described in each publication were assessed for consistency with themes derived from the interview responses from Iranian petrochemical workers in the qualitative study: poor direct safety management and supervision; unsafe workplace conditions; workers' perceptions, skills and training; and broader organisational factors. Results: The themes identified in the qualitative study most closely matched those in the model described by Wu et al. (2011): poor direct safety management and supervision matched with safety leadership and several subscales; unsafe workplace conditions matched with several subscales; workers' perceptions, skills and training matched with two subscales, and broader organisational factors matched with two other subscales. The model selected was the one that included the most constructs matching the themes identified in the qualitative study.Conclusions: Valid behavioural safety models can provide a basis for more effective safety cultures and management systems in selected contexts. This study identified most consistency between themes elicited from Iranian petrochemical workers and the constructs described by Wu et al. (2011), providing evidence of the validity of their model. Intervention studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of safety models in improving safe behaviours in industrial settings.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20170515033981N2. Registered 19 June 2018. https://www.irct.ir/trial/26107

scholarly journals Safe Behaviour in the Petrochemical Industry: Evaluating the Consistency Between Conceptual Frameworks and Factors Reported by Iranian Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Zahiri Harsini ◽  
Philip Bohle ◽  
Lynda R Matthews ◽  
Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽  
Hormoz Sanaeinasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
Industrial Settings ◽  
Safety Cultures ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
The One ◽  
Organisational Factors ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background: Unsafe worker behaviour is often identified as a major cause of dangerous incidents in the petrochemical industry. Behavioural safety models provide frameworks that may help to prevent such incidents by identifying factors promoting safe or unsafe behaviour. A literature review was conducted to identify models of safe behaviour and determine which were most consistent with the experiences reported by workers in our qualitative study of the Iranian petrochemical industry.Methods: Five databases (EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus) were searched for studies between 2000 and 2019 that evaluated antecedents and outcomes of safe workplace behaviours in the petrochemical industry or other industrial settings. After duplications were removed, 141 publications were screened and 31 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Constructs described in each publication were assessed for consistency with themes derived from the interview responses from Iranian petrochemical workers in the qualitative study: poor direct safety management and supervision; unsafe workplace conditions; workers' perceptions, skills and training; and broader organisational factors. Results: The themes identified in the qualitative study most closely matched those in the model described by Wu et al. (2011): poor direct safety management and supervision matched with safety leadership and several subscales; unsafe workplace conditions matched with several subscales; workers' perceptions, skills and training matched with two subscales, and broader organisational factors matched with two other subscales. The model selected was the one that included the most constructs matching the themes identified in the qualitative study.Conclusions: Valid behavioural safety models can provide a basis for more effective safety cultures and management systems in selected contexts. This study identified most consistency between themes elicited from Iranian petrochemical workers and the constructs described by Wu et al. (2011), providing evidence of the validity of their model. Intervention studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of safety models in improving safe behaviours in industrial settings.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20170515033981N2. Registered 19 June 2018, https://www.irct.ir/trial/26107.

scholarly journals Safe Behaviour in the Petrochemical Industry: Evaluating the Consistency Between Conceptual Frameworks and Factors Reported by Iranian Workers

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Azita Zahiri Harsini ◽  
Philip Bohle ◽  
Lynda R Matthews ◽  
Fazlollah Ghofranipour ◽  
Hormoz Sanaeinasab ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Petrochemical Industry ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Workplace Conditions ◽  
Industrial Settings ◽  
Safety Cultures ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
The One ◽  
Organisational Factors ◽  
And Training

Abstract Background: Unsafe worker behaviour is often identified as a major cause of dangerous incidents in the petrochemical industry. Behavioural safety models provide frameworks that may help to prevent such incidents by identifying factors promoting safe or unsafe behaviour. A literature review was conducted to identify models of safe behaviour and determine which were most consistent with the experiences reported by workers in our qualitative study of the Iranian petrochemical industry.Methods: Five databases (EBSCOhost, Google Scholar, ProQuest, Science Direct, Scopus) were searched for studies between 2000 and 2019 that evaluated antecedents and outcomes of safe workplace behaviours in the petrochemical industry or other industrial settings. After duplications were removed, 141 publications were screened and 31 that met the inclusion criteria were reviewed. Constructs described in each publication were assessed for consistency with themes derived from the interview responses from Iranian petrochemical workers in the qualitative study: poor direct safety management and supervision; unsafe workplace conditions; workers' perceptions, skills and training; and broader organisational factors. Results: The themes identified in the qualitative study most closely matched those in the model described by Wu et al. (2011): poor direct safety management and supervision matched with safety leadership and several subscales; unsafe workplace conditions matched with several subscales; workers' perceptions, skills and training matched with two subscales, and broader organisational factors matched with two other subscales. The model selected was the one that included the most constructs matching the themes identified in the qualitative study.Conclusions: Valid behavioural safety models can provide a basis for more effective safety cultures and management systems in selected contexts. This study identified most consistency between themes elicited from Iranian petrochemical workers and the constructs described by Wu et al. (2011), providing evidence of the validity of their model. Intervention studies are needed to assess the effectiveness of safety models in improving safe behaviours in industrial settings.Trial registration: Iranian Registry of Clinical Trials: IRCT20170515033981N2. Registered 19 June 2018. https://www.irct.ir/trial/26107.

Identification of differences between rural and urban safety cultures

2009 ◽  
Vol 41 (5) ◽  
pp. 931-937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael E. Rakauskas ◽  
Nicholas J. Ward ◽  
Susan G. Gerberich
Keyword(s):  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Urban Safety ◽  
Safety Cultures

Enhancing Safety Risk Management with Quantitative Measures

2017 ◽  
Vol 2603 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Boris Claros ◽  
Carlos Sun ◽  
Praveen Edara
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Management System ◽  
Goodness Of Fit ◽  
Safety Management ◽  
Multinomial Distribution ◽  
Safety Management System ◽  
Safety Risk ◽  
Safety Risks ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
Runway Incursion

At the airfield in hub airports, many activities occur that involve a range of participants, including various-size aircraft, ground vehicles, and workers. The safety management system is FAA's approach for systematically managing aviation safety. A major component of the safety management system is safety risk management (SRM), which entails analysis, assessment, and control of safety risks, including risks on the airfield. Current SRM has few specific safety models to estimate the likelihood or frequency of risks. This paper presents an example for development and incorporation of safety models into SRM. Specifically, it discusses safety models for runway incursion that use the following variables: total and general aviation operations, length of runway by type, number of taxiway intersections, snowfall, precipitation, number of hot spots, and construction activity. Categorization and processing of data were significant because each variable used could take on multiple forms, and some types of data involved review of airfield diagrams. The data used were from 137 U.S. hub airports for 2009 through 2014. For modeling, the negative multinomial distribution was used because it proved suitable for representing overdispersed data such as runway incursion frequency. Performance of the models was assessed through the goodness-of-fit measures of log likelihood, overdispersion, and cumulative residual plots. Models were developed for five severity categories of runway incursions and three types of surface events. The safety modeling approach presented here can serve as a foundation for development of other safety models that can be integrated into SRM to enable quantitative analysis of safety risks.

scholarly journals Social Force Model-Based Safety Evaluation of Intersections in Arterials Considering the Pedestrian Yield Rule

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (23) ◽  
pp. 12461
Author(s):  
Jiao Yao ◽  
Yuhang Li ◽  
Jiaping He
Keyword(s):  
Evaluation Model ◽  
Safety Evaluation ◽  
Force Model ◽  
Social Force ◽  
Trajectory Data ◽  
Entropy Weight ◽  
Social Force Model ◽  
Entropy Weight Method ◽  
Safety Models ◽  
Pedestrian Crossing

To enhance the safety of pedestrians crossing the street, a series of new regulations regarding pedestrian yield has been proposed and widely implemented across cities. In this study, we first made some improvements to the social force model, in which pedestrian crossing at the intersection, drivers’ psychology of giving way, vehicle yield to pedestrians, vehicle yield in different directions, the influence of pedestrians crossing boundaries, and signal lamp groups on pedestrian behavior were considered. Furthermore, pedestrian crossing and vehicle yield safety models were established, based on which the comprehensive safety evaluation model of intersections in arterials was established, in which two indices—(1) the safety degree of pedestrian crossings and (2) vehicle acceleration interference—were combined with the entropy weight method. Finally, four types of intersections in arterials were studied using a simulation: the intersections between different levels of arterials, and intersections with one-time and two-times pedestrian crossings. Moreover, safety evaluation and analysis of those intersections, considering the rule of pedestrian yield, were conducted combined with the trajectory data from the VISSIM simulation. The relevant results showed that for pedestrians crossing the street, the pedestrian safety of two-time crossing is significantly higher than that of one-time crossing, and compared with the arterial, the pedestrian crossing distance of the sub-arterial is shorter, and the pedestrian perception is safer. Moreover, due to the herd psychology effect, the increase in pedestrian flow volume improves the safety perception of pedestrians at the intersection.

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