Environmental Tobacco Smoke: Adverse Effects on Respiratory Infection, Respiratory Symptoms, and Lung Function

Background: Short-term, indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is still highly prevalent; however, little is known about the acute lung response in adult asthma. Objectives: We investigated whether acute, experimental ETS exposure influences symptoms, lung function, and inflammatory parameters. Methods: Human subjects with asthma (n = 23) were exposed for 180 min to either room air or ETS at 250, 450, or 850 µg/m3. Respiratory symptoms, lung function, and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured. Additionally, blood samples were analyzed for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Results: Humans with asthma demonstrate an increase in respiratory symptoms at all levels of ETS exposure, while the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) and FeNO decrease with increasing ETS. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 increases at intermediate ETS concentrations, whereas tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-8 increase only at the highest ETS concentration. Conclusion: Following 180 min of acute, experimental ETS exposure, we observed a significant increase in respiratory symptoms, a decrease in lung function, and an increase in inflammatory cytokines, indicating an acute lung response in asthma.

Download Full-text

Household Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Respiratory Health in School Age Children

Acta Facultatis Medicae Naissensis ◽

10.2478/v10283-012-0024-4 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 29 (4) ◽

pp. 175-180

Author(s):

Maja Nikolić ◽

Aleksandra Stanković ◽

Ivana Mladenović Ćirić

Keyword(s):

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Indoor Air Pollution ◽

Health Hazard ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Air Pollutant ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Common Component

SUMMARY In the recent years the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been an important public health hazard, especially in Serbia, a country with too many smokers. A common component of tobacco smoke is particulate matter less than 10μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), which is considered to be the most dangerous air pollutant for health. The aim of this paper was to investigate the association between respiratory symptoms and illnesses in schoolchildren in relation to their environmental tobacco smoke exposure. We conducted an epidemiological study that included 708 participants (49.15 % male) aged 11-14 years from Niš, Serbia. The children were surveyed by original structured questionnaire, based on the instrument developed for similar investigations. Data about the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in the last 12-month period of life and lifetime prevalence of respiratory illnesses were obtained. The questionnaire also included items about other indoor environmental determinants. Tobacco smoke was the most prevalent source of indoor air pollution at children’s home (60.73%). We found a significant association between ETS exposure and increased prevalence of dyspnea, wheezing, bronchitis and asthma among children. It is necessary to inform parents in Serbia on the health effects of ETS exposure during childhood and to encourage them to change smoking habits in order to protect their children from ETS exposure at home.

Download Full-text

Prenatal and early life exposure to particulate matter, environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory symptoms in Mexican children

Environmental Research ◽

10.1016/j.envres.2020.110365 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 192 ◽

pp. 110365

Author(s):

Nadya Y. Rivera Rivera ◽

Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz ◽

Adriana Mercado García ◽

Allan C. Just ◽

Itai Kloog ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Particulate Matter ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Early Life ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Mexican Children ◽

Early Life Exposure

Download Full-text

The Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure on Lung Function in a Longitudinal Study of British Adults

Epidemiology ◽

10.1097/00001648-199905000-00022 ◽

1999 ◽

Vol 10 (3) ◽

pp. 319-326 ◽

Cited By ~ 33

Author(s):

Iain M. Carey ◽

Derek G. Cook ◽

David P. Strachan

Keyword(s):

Longitudinal Study ◽

Lung Function ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Smoke Exposure ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure

Download Full-text

Effects of Environmental Tobacco Smoke on Respiratory Symptoms and Pulmonary Function

Inhalation Toxicology ◽

10.1080/08958370600686267 ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 18 (8) ◽

pp. 569-573 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Shahryar Alipour ◽

Frédéric Deschamps ◽

François-Xavier Lesage

Keyword(s):

Pulmonary Function ◽

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Respiratory Symptoms

Download Full-text

Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory symptoms in school children of Nis

Srpski arhiv za celokupno lekarstvo ◽

10.2298/sarh06s2104n ◽

2006 ◽

Vol 134 (Suppl. 2) ◽

pp. 104-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Maja Nikolic ◽

Dragana Nikic ◽

Konstansa Lazarevic

Keyword(s):

Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽

School Children ◽

Tobacco Smoke ◽

Passive Smoking ◽

Respiratory Symptoms ◽

Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽

Control Group ◽

Hereditary Predisposition ◽

Passive Smoker ◽

Significant Difference

INTRODUCTION. There is relatively strong evidence among children showing that passive smoking is associated with respiratory symptoms and respiratory diseases, but few studies have been carried out in Serbian population. OBJECTIVE. Establishment of association between exposure to tobacco smoke within family and prevalence of the upper and lower respiratory symptoms in school children. METHOD. In this descriptive epidemiological study, studied population consisted of 533 school children, 12.96?1.54 years old, residents of Nis town, from the area with identical open air pollution. Environmental tobacco smoke exposure was recorded in 382 children. Data about symptoms in children, conditions of habitation, presence of pets and hereditary predisposition were entered into structured questionnaire. RESULTS. T-test and ?2-test statistics showed no significant difference of living conditions, hereditary predisposition among children and average time which passive smoker and nonsmoker children spent indoors. In both groups, the upper respiratory symptoms were more frequent (42.4%-80.2%) in comparison to lower respiratory symptoms (14.4%-25.7%). There was significant difference of the upper and lower respiratory symptoms between the exposed children and control group (?2=9.7>?2 (1.005) =3.8, p>0.05 - for the upper and ? 2 =4.4 >? 2 (1.005) =3.8, p>0.05 - for the lower respiratory symptoms). Primary health care need for respiratory symptoms and diseases due to effect of passive smoking was higher in the exposed children. CONCLUSION. The results provide evidence of adverse respiratory effects of passive smoking to children being exposed to smoke in domestic setting. These findings emphasize the need for effective measures of prevention of involuntary smoking during childhood in Serbia.

Download Full-text