Acute Exposure to Environmental Tobacco Smoke: A Controlled Study in Adults with Asthma

Respiration ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 99 (10) ◽  
pp. 830-837
Author(s):  
Martin Gaisberger ◽  
Romana Elisabeth Wass ◽  
Heidemarie Dobias ◽  
Fikreta Grabcanovic-Musija ◽  
Gertraud Weiss ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Controlled Study ◽  
Indoor Exposure ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Lung Response

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Short-term, indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) is still highly prevalent; however, little is known about the acute lung response in adult asthma. <b><i>Objectives:</i></b> We investigated whether acute, experimental ETS exposure influences symptoms, lung function, and inflammatory parameters. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> Human subjects with asthma (<i>n</i> = 23) were exposed for 180 min to either room air or ETS at 250, 450, or 850 µg/m<sup>3</sup>. Respiratory symptoms, lung function, and exhaled nitric oxide (FeNO) were measured. Additionally, blood samples were analyzed for pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Humans with asthma demonstrate an increase in respiratory symptoms at all levels of ETS exposure, while the forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV<sub>1</sub>) and FeNO decrease with increasing ETS. The anti-inflammatory cytokine interleukin (IL)-10 increases at intermediate ETS concentrations, whereas tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and IL-8 increase only at the highest ETS concentration. <b><i>Conclusion:</i></b> Following 180 min of acute, experimental ETS exposure, we observed a significant increase in respiratory symptoms, a decrease in lung function, and an increase in inflammatory cytokines, indicating an acute lung response in asthma.

Indoor exposure to environmental tobacco smoke and dampness: Respiratory symptoms in Sardinian children—DRIAS study

2009 ◽  
Vol 109 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roberta Pirastu ◽  
Caterina Bellu ◽  
Pietro Greco ◽  
Umberto Pelosi ◽  
Riccardo Pistelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Indoor Exposure

scholarly journals Spirometric changes in children with asthma exposed to environmental tobacco smoke and treated with inhaled corticosteroids

2019 ◽  
Vol 76 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-330
Author(s):  
Snezana Radic ◽  
Branislava Milenkovic ◽  
Branislav Gvozdenovic ◽  
Biljana Medjo ◽  
Sanja Dimic-Janjic
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Fluticasone Propionate ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Inhaled Corticosteroids ◽  
Persistent Asthma ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
The Family ◽  
Lower Lung ◽  
Children With Asthma

Background/Aim. Corticosteroids are the most frequently prescribed anti-inflammatory treatment in asthma. A purpose of this study was to compare the spirometric parameters as a response to inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) treatment in children with asthma, exposed and nonexposed to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS). Methods. The study included 527 children aged between 1 and 16 years with persistent asthma divided into the groups of ETS exposed (ETSE, n = 337) and ETS free (ETSF, n = 190) children. Spirometry was performed before (1st set of results) and after 6 months of FP treatment (2nd set of results). Good lung function (GLF) was defined as forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1) ? 85%, and ?poor lung function? (PLF) as FEV1 < 85%. Results. Among the ETSE children, 208 had one smoking parent, 129 had two, 228 had smoking mothers and 238 smoking fathers. The ETSE children received a higher FP dose (p < 0.0001) which was increased with the increase of the number of smokers in the family. The ETSE children had significantly lower lung function both in the 1st and 2nd sets of tests compared to the ETSF children (p < 0.05). After the FP treatment, both groups improved all spirometric parameters (p < 0.001). In the 2nd set of the spirometric tests, the children of smoking mothers had lower spirometry values compared to the children of smoking fathers (p < 0.05). The proportion of the children improving from the PLF to GLF after 6 months of FP was much higher among the ETSF than the ETSE children (p < 0.05). Conclusions. The ETSE children had lower spirometric values before FP. After 6-months of the FP treatment children in both groups improved the spirometric values, but the improvement was higher in the ETSF children.

Efficacy and safety of HX 110-A and HX 110-B in promoting respiratory health: An 8-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jung-Kyu Lee ◽  
Bumjo Oh ◽  
Seo-Young Yoon ◽  
Tae Yun Park ◽  
Eun Young Heo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Disease ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Clinical Pathology ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Parallel Group ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background HX110-A and HX110-B are compound extracts based on radix adenophorae and rhizoma dioscoreae, respectively, which have anti-inflammatory activity. There are limited data on whether they may help improve respiratory conditions including lung function. Therefore, in this trial, we will evaluate the effectiveness and safety of the use of HX110-A and HX110-B for the treatment of respiratory health in adults with mild respiratory symptoms. Methods/design This will be an 8-week, randomized, double-blind, parallel group, placebo-controlled trial with three arms. Adults more than 40 years old with persistent respiratory symptoms will be enrolled. Patients with definite respiratory disease or with a history of recent intake of antioxidants or anti-inflammatory agents will be excluded. Study subjects will be assigned at a 1:1:1 ratio into the following three arms: controls, experimental group 1 (HX110-A), and experimental group 2 (HX110-B). Control or experimental foods will be administered for 8 weeks, and follow-up will be up to 12 weeks. The primary outcome will be total antioxidant capacity. Secondary outcomes will be inflammatory indexes, respiratory symptoms, lung function, quality of life, and fatigue level. Safety outcomes will be assessed by monitoring adverse events and vital signs, and through clinical pathology tests. Conclusion We hope that this trial will reveal the effectiveness and safety of HX110-A and/or HX110-B for medical purposes in adults with respiratory symptoms. The results should clarify if active intake of specific foods with these functional compounds may promote respiratory health in adults without definite respiratory disease.

Household Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure and Respiratory Health in School Age Children

2012 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Maja Nikolić ◽  
Aleksandra Stanković ◽  
Ivana Mladenović Ćirić
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Indoor Air Pollution ◽  
Health Hazard ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Smoke Exposure ◽  
Air Pollutant ◽  
Tobacco Smoke Exposure ◽  
Common Component

SUMMARY In the recent years the exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been an important public health hazard, especially in Serbia, a country with too many smokers. A common component of tobacco smoke is particulate matter less than 10μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM10), which is considered to be the most dangerous air pollutant for health. The aim of this paper was to investigate the association between respiratory symptoms and illnesses in schoolchildren in relation to their environmental tobacco smoke exposure. We conducted an epidemiological study that included 708 participants (49.15 % male) aged 11-14 years from Niš, Serbia. The children were surveyed by original structured questionnaire, based on the instrument developed for similar investigations. Data about the prevalence of respiratory symptoms in the last 12-month period of life and lifetime prevalence of respiratory illnesses were obtained. The questionnaire also included items about other indoor environmental determinants. Tobacco smoke was the most prevalent source of indoor air pollution at children’s home (60.73%). We found a significant association between ETS exposure and increased prevalence of dyspnea, wheezing, bronchitis and asthma among children. It is necessary to inform parents in Serbia on the health effects of ETS exposure during childhood and to encourage them to change smoking habits in order to protect their children from ETS exposure at home.

scholarly journals Prenatal and early life exposure to particulate matter, environmental tobacco smoke and respiratory symptoms in Mexican children

2021 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 110365
Author(s):  
Nadya Y. Rivera Rivera ◽  
Marcela Tamayo-Ortiz ◽  
Adriana Mercado García ◽  
Allan C. Just ◽  
Itai Kloog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Environmental Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Tobacco Smoke ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Mexican Children ◽  
Early Life Exposure

scholarly journals Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function among Ethiopian Women in Relation to Household Fuel Use

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mulugeta Tamire ◽  
Adamu Addissie ◽  
Abera Kumie ◽  
Emma Husmark ◽  
Susann Skovbjerg ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Solid Fuels ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
European Respiratory Society ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Validated Questionnaire

Exposure to household air pollution has been linked to chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, respiratory symptoms and reduced lung function. This study aims to assess respiratory symptoms and lung function among Ethiopian women in relation to exposure to HAP. We conducted a cross-sectional study among non-smoking women responsible for household cooking. Data was collected on socio-demographic characteristics, respiratory symptoms and risk factors using a validated questionnaire. Spirometry with reversibility testing was performed according to American Thoracic Society/European Respiratory Society guidelines. We used independent t-test and multivariable logistic regression to compare the means and measure association respectively. A total of 545 women participated in the study out of which 231 (42.3%) performed spirometry with at least three acceptable manoeuvres. Everyone in the rural group and 43% of the urban group were exposed to HAP from solid fuels during cooking. The odds of developing at least one respiratory symptom when compared with those using cleaner fuels are twice as high for women cooking within the living house. We also found significantly lower forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1) (L) among solid fuels users compared with cleaner energy users. Given the larger population settlement in the rural areas and the use of solid fuel as the only energy source, there is a higher risk of developing chronic respiratory health problems for those women in Ethiopia.

Airway reactivity and lung function in triiodothyronine-induced thyrotoxicosis

1985 ◽  
Vol 58 (5) ◽  
pp. 1485-1488 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. S. Irwin ◽  
M. R. Pratter ◽  
D. H. Stivers ◽  
L. E. Braverman
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Pulmonary Function Tests ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Base Line ◽  
Airway Reactivity ◽  
Percent Change ◽  
Serum T3 ◽  
The Mean

To evaluate the possible relationship between asthma and hyperthyroidism, airway reactivity and lung function were prospectively compared in healthy volunteers before, during, and after liothyronine (triiodothyronine, T3)-induced hyperthyroidism. Base-line evaluation of the 10 subjects included clinical evaluation, thyroid and pulmonary function tests, and airway reactivity assessed by methacholine inhalational challenge (MIC). All studies were normal. During T3-induced hyperthyroidism, no subject developed respiratory symptoms or changes in pulmonary function or airway reactivity. The mean percent change in forced expiratory volume at 1 s from base line (delta FEV1) of -2.4 +/- 3.0 after MIC was not significantly different from that obtained before T3 administration (-1.4 +/- 1.5, P greater than 0.2). When all serum T3 concentrations and delta FEV1 values before, during and after T3-induced hyperthyroidism were compared, there was no significant correlation. We conclude that T3-induced hyperthyroidism of 3-wk duration has no effect on airway reactivity or lung function in normal volunteers.

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