scholarly journals Direct detection of mirror matter in Twin Higgs models

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zackaria Chacko ◽  
David Curtin ◽  
Michael Geller ◽  
Yuhsin Tsai
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Electron Recoil ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
The Masses ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Modest Effect ◽  
Mirror Matter

Abstract We explore the possibility of discovering the mirror baryons and electrons of the Mirror Twin Higgs model in direct detection experiments, in a scenario in which these particles constitute a subcomponent of the observed DM. We consider a framework in which the mirror fermions are sub-nano-charged, as a consequence of kinetic mixing between the photon and its mirror counterpart. We consider both nuclear recoil and electron recoil experiments. The event rates depend on the fraction of mirror DM that is ionized, and also on its distribution in the galaxy. Since mirror DM is dissipative, at the location of the Earth it may be in the form of a halo or may have collapsed into a disk, depending on the cooling rate. For a given mirror DM abundance we determine the expected event rates in direct detection experiments for the limiting cases of an ionized halo, an ionized disk, an atomic halo and an atomic disk. We find that by taking advantage of the complementarity of the different experiments, it may be possible to establish not just the multi-component nature of mirror dark matter, but also its distribution in the galaxy. In addition, a study of the recoil energies may be able to determine the masses and charges of the constituents of the mirror sector. By showing that the mass and charge of mirror helium are integer multiples of those of mirror hydrogen, these experiments have the potential to distinguish the mirror nature of the theory. We also carefully consider mirror plasma screening effects, showing that the capture of mirror dark matter particles in the Earth has at most a modest effect on direct detection signals.

WIMP event rates in directional experiments: The diurnal variation signature

Open Physics ◽  
2011 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Vergados ◽  
Charalampos Moustakidis
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Diurnal Variation ◽  
Cold Dark Matter ◽  
Vacuum Energy ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Weakly Interacting Massive Particles ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Matter Detection ◽  
Direct Dark Matter

AbstractThe recent WMAP data have confirmed that exotic dark matter together with the vacuum energy (cosmological constant) dominate in the flat Universe. Modern particle theories provide viable cold dark matter candidates with masses in the GeV-TeV region. All such candidates will be called WIMPs (Weakly Interacting Massive Particles). The nature of dark matter can only be unraveled by its direct detection in the laboratory. In this work we present some theoretical elements relevant to the direct dark matter detection experiments, paying particular attention to directional experiments, i.e. experiments in which not only the energy but the direction of the recoiling nucleus is observed. Since the direction of observation is fixed with respect to the Earth, while the Earth is rotating around its axis, in a directional experiment the angle between the direction of observation and the Sun’s direction of motion will change during the day. So, since the event rates sensitively depend on this angle, the observed signal in such experiments will exhibit very interesting and characteristic periodic diurnal variation.

scholarly journals Some Issues Related to the Direct Detection of Dark Matter

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
J. D. Vergados
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Branching Ratios ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Modulation Effect ◽  
The Earth ◽  
Nuclear Levels ◽  
Event Rates ◽  
Theoretical Issues

In this paper we review the theoretical issues involved in the direct detectionof supersymmetric (SUSY) dark matter. After a brief discussion of the allowedSYSY parameter space we focus on the determination of the traditional neutralinodetection rates, in experiments which measure the energy of the recoiling nucleus,such as the coherent and spin induced rates and the dependence of the rate onthe motion of the Earth (modulation effect). Then we examine the novel featuresappearing in directional experiments, which detect the recoiling nucleus in a givendirection. Next we estimate the branching ratios for transitions to accessibleexcited nuclear levels. Finally we estimate the event rates leading to the atomionization and subsequent detection of the outgoing electrons.

scholarly journals Sensitivity of direct detection experiments to neutrino magnetic dipole moments

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (12) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Aristizabal Sierra ◽  
R. Branada ◽  
O. G. Miranda ◽  
G. Sanchez Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Magnetic Dipole ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Dipole Moments ◽  
Nuclear Recoil ◽  
Active Volume ◽  
Electron Recoil ◽  
Flux Measurements ◽  
Neutrino Fluxes ◽  
One Year

Abstract With large active volume sizes dark matter direct detection experiments are sensitive to solar neutrino fluxes. Nuclear recoil signals are induced by 8B neutrinos, while electron recoils are mainly generated by the pp flux. Measurements of both processes offer an opportunity to test neutrino properties at low thresholds with fairly low backgrounds. In this paper we study the sensitivity of these experiments to neutrino magnetic dipole moments assuming 1, 10 and 40 tonne active volumes (representative of XENON1T, XENONnT and DARWIN), 0.3 keV and 1 keV thresholds. We show that with nuclear recoil measurements alone a 40 tonne detector could be as competitive as Borexino, TEXONO and GEMMA, with sensitivities of order 8.0 × 10−11μB at the 90% CL after one year of data taking. Electron recoil measurements will increase sensitivities way below these values allowing to test regions not excluded by astrophysical arguments. Using electron recoil data and depending on performance, the same detector will be able to explore values down to 4.0 × 10−12μB at the 90% CL in one year of data taking. By assuming a 200-tonne liquid xenon detector operating during 10 years, we conclude that sensitivities in this type of detectors will be of order 10−12μB. Reducing statistical uncertainties may enable improving sensitivities below these values.

scholarly journals Direct detection of atomic dark matter in white dwarfs

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
David Curtin ◽  
Jack Setford
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Energy Loss ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
White Dwarf ◽  
White Dwarfs ◽  
Luminosity Function ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Matter Density ◽  
Mixing Parameter ◽  
First Time

Abstract Dark matter could have a dissipative asymmetric subcomponent in the form of atomic dark matter (aDM). This arises in many scenarios of dark complexity, and is a prediction of neutral naturalness, such as the Mirror Twin Higgs model. We show for the first time how White Dwarf cooling provides strong bounds on aDM. In the presence of a small kinetic mixing between the dark and SM photon, stars are expected to accumulate atomic dark matter in their cores, which then radiates away energy in the form of dark photons. In the case of white dwarfs, this energy loss can have a detectable impact on their cooling rate. We use measurements of the white dwarf luminosity function to tightly constrain the kinetic mixing parameter between the dark and visible photons, for DM masses in the range 10−5–105 GeV, down to values of ϵ ∼ 10−12. Using this method we can constrain scenarios in which aDM constitutes fractions as small as 10−3 of the total dark matter density. Our methods are highly complementary to other methods of probing aDM, especially in scenarios where the aDM is arranged in a dark disk, which can make direct detection extremely difficult but actually slightly enhances our cooling constraints.

scholarly journals Halo uncertainties in electron recoil events at direct detection experiments

2021 ◽  
Vol 81 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tarak Nath Maity ◽  
Tirtha Sankar Ray ◽  
Sambo Sarkar
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Phase Space ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Space Distribution ◽  
Semiconductor Detectors ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Phase Space Distribution ◽  
Electron Recoil ◽  
Highly Correlated ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe dark matter direct detection rates are highly correlated with the phase space distribution of dark matter particles in our galactic neighbourhood. In this paper we make a systematic study of the impact of astrophysical uncertainties on electron recoil events at the direct detection experiments with Xenon and semiconductor detectors. We find that within the standard halo model there can be up to $$ \sim 50\%$$ ∼ 50 % deviation from the fiducial choice in the exclusion bounds from these observational uncertainties. For non-standard halo models we report a similar deviation from the fiducial standard halo model when fitted with recent cosmological N-body simulations while even larger deviations are obtained in case of the observational uncertainties.

Effects ofCPviolation on event rates in the direct detection of dark matter

1999 ◽  
Vol 60 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Utpal Chattopadhyay ◽  
Tarek Ibrahim ◽  
Pran Nath
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Event Rates

scholarly journals Experimental Progress in the Direct Detection of Dark Matter

2005 ◽  
Vol 13 ◽  
pp. 38-41
Author(s):  
Nigel J.T. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Massive Particle ◽  
Experimental Techniques ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Weakly Interacting ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Experimental Approaches

AbstractSeveral experimental approaches are being utilised for the direct detection of the hypothetical weakly interacting massive particle which may constitute the majority of the non-luminous component of the Galaxy. These experimental techniques exploit the coherent recoil of target nuclei during an interaction and include thermal, ionisation, scintillation and tracking detectors. The challenges associated with this detection, the techniques employed and the current status of these searches are reviewed.

scholarly journals Implications of the XENON1T excess on the dark matter interpretation

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haider Alhazmi ◽  
Doojin Kim ◽  
Kyoungchul Kong ◽  
Gopolang Mohlabeng ◽  
Jong-Chul Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Fast Moving ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Recent Observation ◽  
Axial Vector ◽  
Detection Experiment ◽  
Electron Recoil ◽  
Coupling Parameters ◽  
Pseudo Scalar ◽  
Parameter Values

Abstract The dark matter interpretation for a recent observation of excessive electron recoil events at the XENON1T detector seems challenging because its velocity is not large enough to give rise to recoiling electrons of $$ \mathcal{O}\left(\mathrm{keV}\right) $$ O keV . Fast-moving or boosted dark matter scenarios are receiving attention as a remedy for this issue, rendering the dark matter interpretation a possibility to explain the anomaly. We investigate various scenarios where such dark matter of spin 0 and 1/2 interacts with electrons via an exchange of vector, axial-vector, pseudo-scalar, or scalar mediators. We find parameter values not only to reproduce the excess but to be consistent with existing bounds. Our study suggests that the scales of mass and coupling parameters preferred by the excess can be mostly affected by the type of mediator, and that significantly boosted dark matter can explain the excess depending on the mediator type and its mass choice. The method proposed in this work is general, and hence readily applicable to the interpretation of observed data in the dark matter direct detection experiment.

scholarly journals Sun heated MeV-scale dark matter and the XENON1T electron recoil excess

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yifan Chen ◽  
Ming-Yang Cui ◽  
Jing Shu ◽  
Xiao Xue ◽  
Guan-Wen Yuan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Direct Detection ◽  
Structure Constant ◽  
Form Factors ◽  
Fine Structure Constant ◽  
Electron Interaction ◽  
Electron Mass ◽  
The Sun ◽  
Momentum Exchange ◽  
Electron Recoil

Abstract The XENON1T collaboration reported an excess of the low-energy electron recoil events between 1 and 7 keV. We explore the possibility to explain such an anomaly by the MeV-scale dark matter (DM) heated by the interior of the Sun due to the same DM-electron interaction as in the detector. The kinetic energies of heated DM particles can reach a few keV, and can potentially account for the excess signals detected by XENON1T. We study different form factors of the DM-electron interactions, F(q) ∝ qi with q being the momentum exchange and i = 0, 1, 2, and find that for all these cases the inclusion of the Sun-heated DM component improves the fit to the XENON1T data. The inferred DM-electron scattering cross section (at q = αme where α is the fine structure constant and me is electron mass) is from ∼ 10−38 cm2 (for i = 0) to ∼ 10−42 cm2 (for i = 2). We also derive constraints on the DM-electron cross sections for these form factors, which are stronger than previous results with similar assumptions. We emphasize that the Sun-heated DM scenario relies on the minimum assumption on DM models, which serves as a general explanation of the XENON1T anomaly via DM-electron interaction. The spectrum of the Sun-heated DM is typically soft comparing to other boosted DM, so the small recoil events are expected to be abundant in this scenario. More sensitive direct detection experiments with lower thresholds can possibly distinguish this scenario with other boosted DM models or solar axion models.

scholarly journals The black hole-dark matter halo connection

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (S245) ◽  
pp. 257-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bassem M. Sabra ◽  
Maya Abi Akl ◽  
Gilbert Chahine
Keyword(s):  
Dark Matter ◽  
Velocity Dispersion ◽  
Dark Matter Halo ◽  
Host Galaxies ◽  
Circular Velocity ◽  
Direct Measurements ◽  
The Galaxy ◽  
Stellar Velocity ◽  
The Masses ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractWe explore the connection between the central supermassive blackholes (SMBH) in galaxies and the dark matter halo through the relation between the masses of the SMBHs and the maximum circular velocities of their host galaxies, as well as the relationship between stellar velocity dispersion of the spheroidal component and the circular velocity. We rely on a heterogeneous sample containing galaxies of all types. The only requirement is that the galaxy has direct measurements of its SMBH mass, MBH, circular velocity, vc, and velocity dispersion, σ. We present a direct observational MBH − vc relation.

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