scholarly journals A new Rhodococcus aetherivorans strain isolated from lubricant-contaminated soil as a prospective phenol-biodegrading agent

2020 ◽  
Vol 104 (8) ◽  
pp. 3611-3625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taisiya Nogina ◽  
Marina Fomina ◽  
Tatiana Dumanskaya ◽  
Liubov Zelena ◽  
Lyudmila Khomenko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Total Concentration ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract Microbe-based decontamination of phenol-polluted environments has significant advantages over physical and chemical approaches by being relatively cheaper and ensuring complete phenol degradation. There is a need to search for commercially prospective bacterial strains that are resistant to phenol and other co-pollutants, e.g. oil hydrocarbons, in contaminated environments, and able to carry out efficient phenol biodegradation at a variable range of concentrations. This research characterizes the phenol-biodegrading ability of a new actinobacteria strain isolated from a lubricant-contaminated soil environment. Phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses showed that the novel strain UCM Ac-603 belonged to the species Rhodococcus aetherivorans, and phenol degrading ability was quantitatively characterized for the first time. R. aetherivorans UCM Ac-603 tolerated and assimilated phenol (100% of supplied concentration) and various hydrocarbons (56.2–94.4%) as sole carbon sources. Additional nutrient supplementation was not required for degradation and this organism could grow at a phenol concentration of 500 mg L−1 without inhibition. Complete phenol assimilation occurred after 4 days at an initial concentration of 1750 mg L−1 for freely-suspended cells and at 2000 mg L−1 for vermiculite-immobilized cells: 99.9% assimilation of phenol was possible from a total concentration of 3000 mg L−1 supplied at daily fractional phenol additions of 750 mg L−1 over 4 days. In terms of phenol degradation rates, R. aetherivorans UCM Ac-602 showed efficient phenol degradation over a wide range of initial concentrations with the rates (e.g. 35.7 mg L−1 h−1 at 500 mg L−1 phenol, and 18.2 mg L−1 h−1 at 1750 mg L−1 phenol) significantly exceeding (1.2–5 times) reported data for almost all other phenol-assimilating bacteria. Such efficient phenol degradation ability compared to currently known strains and other beneficial characteristics of R. aetherivorans UCM Ac-602 suggest it is a promising candidate for bioremediation of phenol-contaminated environments.

Immobilization of halophilic yeast for effective removal of phenol in hypersaline conditions

2017 ◽  
Vol 77 (3) ◽  
pp. 706-713 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yu Jiang ◽  
Kai Yang ◽  
Tao Deng ◽  
Bin Ji ◽  
Yu Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immobilized Cells ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Nano Sio2 ◽  
Candida Sp ◽  
Halotolerant Yeast ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Effects Of Ph

Abstract A halotolerant yeast strain of Candida sp. was purified for phenol biodegradation and was immobilized in alginate and nano-SiO2. The concentration of nanoscale SiO2 was optimized and phenol degradation performance with different initial phenol concentrations was evaluated. Three common kinetic models were used to correlate the experimental data. The effects of pH and salinity on phenol biodegradation were also investigated. It was found that 1.0% (w/v) was the optimal nano-SiO2 concentration and the immobilized cells had a better phenol removal performance compared to free cells. More than 99% of 600 mg l−1 phenol was removed by the immobilized strains within 48 h. The immobilized cells also showed highest phenol degradation rates when pH and salinity were 6.5 and 0%, respectively. The high removal efficiency of phenol in reusability tests indicated the promising application of the immobilized Candida strain in phenol degradation under hypersaline conditions over a long period.

Effect of Conventional Carbon Sources on Phenol Degradation by Bacillus sp. CDQ

2013 ◽  
Vol 726-731 ◽  
pp. 301-304 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xi Pu He ◽  
Jie Liu ◽  
Hong Jie Liu ◽  
Sen Sheng Wang ◽  
Wen Hui Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Concentration ◽  
Sodium Acetate ◽  
Removal Rate ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Phenol Removal ◽  
Biodegradation Rate ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Noticeable Improvement

The influence on the growth and phenol biodegradation ofBacillussp. CDQ by three different conventional carbon sources were investigated. The results indicated that conventional carbon sources certainly affected the growth of strain CDQ and the biodegradation of phenol. Under the concentration of 1.5 to 3 g L-1, contrasting to the comparison, glucose improved the growth of theBacillussp. CDQ but inhibited the phenol biodegradation byBacillussp. CDQ. And the effect of inhibition increased with increasing glucose concentration. Below 1.5 g L-1, the rate of phenol removal increased with the amount of glucose added. Phenol biodegradation rate obviously decreased in the presence of sodium acetate. Lactose can significantly improve the rate of phenol biodegradation. However, no noticeable improvement on the removal rate of phenol was observed under different concentrations of lactose.

scholarly journals Diversity and phenotypic analyses of salt- and heat-tolerant wild bean Phaseolus filiformis rhizobia native of a sand beach in Baja California and description of Ensifer aridi sp. nov.

2019 ◽  
Vol 202 (2) ◽  
pp. 309-322 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guadalupe Rocha ◽  
Antoine Le Queré ◽  
Arturo Medina ◽  
Alma Cuéllar ◽  
José-Luis Contreras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Temperatures ◽  
Sand Dune ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Wild Bean ◽  
Northern Mexico ◽  
Desert Sand ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Alkaline Conditions ◽  
Strain Type

Abstract In northern Mexico, aridity, salinity and high temperatures limit areas that can be cultivated. To investigate the nature of nitrogen-fixing symbionts of Phaseolus filiformis, an adapted wild bean species native to this region, their phylogenies were inferred by MLSA. Most rhizobia recovered belong to the proposed new species Ensifer aridi. Phylogenetic analyses of nodC and nifH show that Mexican isolates carry symbiotic genes acquired through horizontal gene transfer that are divergent from those previously characterized among bean symbionts. These strains are salt tolerant, able to grow in alkaline conditions, high temperatures, and capable of utilizing a wide range of carbohydrates and organic acids as carbon sources for growth. This study improves the knowledge on diversity, geographic distribution and evolution of bean-nodulating rhizobia in Mexico and further enlarges the spectrum of microsymbiont with which Phaseolus species can interact with, including cultivated bean varieties, notably under stressed environments. Here, the species Ensifer aridi sp. nov. is proposed as strain type of the Moroccan isolate LMR001T (= LMG 31426T; = HAMBI 3707T) recovered from desert sand dune.

scholarly journals Mutation of Candida tropicalis by Irradiation with a He-Ne Laser To Increase Its Ability To Degrade Phenol

2006 ◽  
Vol 73 (1) ◽  
pp. 226-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Jiang ◽  
Jianping Wen ◽  
Xiaoqiang Jia ◽  
Qinggele Caiyin ◽  
Zongding Hu
Keyword(s):  
Mutant Strain ◽  
Candida Tropicalis ◽  
Phenol Hydroxylase ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Batch Cultures ◽  
Yeast Extract Peptone Dextrose ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Mutant Strains ◽  
Kinetics Of

ABSTRACT Candida tropicalis isolated from acclimated activated sludge was used in this study. Cell suspensions with 5 × 107 cells ml−1 were irradiated by using a He-Ne laser. After mutagenesis, the irradiated cell suspension was diluted and plated on yeast extract-peptone-dextrose (YEPD) medium. Plates with approximately 20 individual colonies were selected, and all individual colonies were harvested for phenol biodegradation. The phenol biodegradation stabilities for 70 phenol biodegradation-positive mutants, mutant strains CTM 1 to 70, ranked according to their original phenol biodegradation potentials, were tested continuously during transfers. Finally, mutant strain CTM 2, which degraded 2,600 mg liter−1 phenol within 70.5 h, was obtained on the basis of its capacity and hereditary stability for phenol biodegradation. The phenol hydroxylase gene sequences were cloned in wild and mutant strains. The results showed that four amino acids were mutated by irradiation with a laser. In order to compare the activity of phenol hydroxylase in wild and mutant strains, their genes were expressed in Escherichia coli BL21(DE3) and enzyme activities were spectrophotometrically determined. It was clear that the activity of phenol hydroxylase was promoted after irradiation with a He-Ne laser. In addition, the cell growth and intrinsic phenol biodegradation kinetics of mutant strain CTM 2 in batch cultures were also described by Haldane's kinetic equation with a wide range of initial phenol concentrations from 0 to 2,600 mg liter−1. The specific growth and degradation rates further demonstrated that the CTM 2 mutant strain possessed a higher capacity to resist phenol toxicity than wild C. tropicalis did.

scholarly journals Pelagibaca bermudensis gen. nov., sp. nov., a novel marine bacterium within the Roseobacter clade in the order Rhodobacterales

2006 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 855-859 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jang-Cheon Cho ◽  
Stephen J. Giovannoni
Keyword(s):  
Marine Bacterium ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Sargasso Sea ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Novel Genus And Species ◽  
Distinct Lineage ◽  
The 16S Rrna Gene

A Gram-negative, chemoheterotrophic, facultatively anaerobic, slightly halophilic, oval-shaped marine bacterium, designated HTCC2601T, was isolated from the western Sargasso Sea by high-throughput culturing involving dilution to extinction. Although the 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity between the isolate and Salipiger mucosus was 96·5 %, phylogenetic analyses using different treeing algorithms clearly indicated that the strain forms a distinct lineage within a clade containing the recently classified genera Salipiger and Palleronia in the order Rhodobacterales of the Alphaproteobacteria. The DNA–DNA relatedness between strain HTCC2601T and S. mucosus was 26·3 %. Strain HTCC2601T utilized a wide range of carbohydrates, including hexose monomers, sugar alcohols, organic acids and amino acids, as sole carbon sources. The DNA G+C content of strain HTCC2601T was 65·4 mol%, and the predominant constituents of the cellular fatty acids were 18 : 1ω7c (79·7 %) and 11-methyl 18 : 1ω7c (7·5 %). The strain differed from members of the closely related genera Salipiger and Palleronia in its morphological, biochemical and ecological characteristics. On the basis of the taxonomic data obtained in this study, a novel genus and species, Pelagibaca bermudensis gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed; HTCC2601T (=KCTC 12554T=JCM 13377T) is the type strain of Pelagibaca bermudensis.

scholarly journals Aquabacterium olei sp. nov., an oil-degrading bacterium isolated from oil-contaminated soil

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3597-3602 ◽  
Author(s):  
Van Hong Thi Pham ◽  
Seung-Woo Jeong ◽  
Jaisoo Kim
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Optimal Growth ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
16S Rrna Gene Sequences ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Genotypic Characteristics ◽  
Type Strains

Strain NHI-1T is a Gram-negative, motile, non-spore-forming bacterium isolated from oil-contaminated soil in South Korea. The strain was able to grow by using gasoline, diesel and kerosene as energy and carbon sources. After incubation for 14 days, cells (1 g l− 1) degraded approximately 58 % of oil present at concentration of 1500 p.p.m. at pH 8 and 28 °C. Strain NHI-1T grew well under aerobic conditions, with optimal growth at pH 7–9 and 28 °C–37 °C but grew poorly in the presence of ≥ 0.5 % NaCl. Phylogenetic analyses based on 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the closest relatives of strain NHI-1T were Aquabacterium fontiphilum CS-6T (97.96 % sequence similarity), Aquabacterium parvum B6T (96.39 %), Aquabacterium commune B8T (95.76 %), Aquabacterium limnoticum ABP-4T (95.72 %) and Aquabacterium citratiphilum B4T (95.25 %). DNA–DNA relatedness was 41–53 % between strain NHI-1T and its closest type strains. The major fatty acids present in strain NHI-1T were summed feature 3 (C16 : 1ω7c/C16 : 1ω6c, 44.5 %), summed feature 8 (C18 : 1ω7c/C18 : 1ω6c, 21.5 %) and C16 : 0 (16.2 %), and the predominant polar lipids were phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, diphosphatidylglycerol and uncharacterized aminophospholipids. Strain NHI-1T was distinguishable from other members of genus Aquabacterium based on phenotypic, chemotaxonomic and genotypic characteristics. Therefore, strain NHI-1T represents a novel species of the genus Aquabacterium for which the name Aquabacterium olei sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is NHI-1T ( = KEMB 9005-082T =  KACC 18244T = NBRC 110486T).

scholarly journals The Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon (PAH) degradation activities and genome analysis of a novel strain Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol isolated from Mexico

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e8102
Author(s):  
Temidayo O. Elufisan ◽  
Isabel C. Rodríguez-Luna ◽  
Omotayo Opemipo Oyedara ◽  
Alejandro Sánchez-Varela ◽  
Armando Hernández-Mendoza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Crude Oil ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Genomic Islands ◽  
Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Chromatography Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Polycyclic Aromatic

Background Stenotrophomonas are ubiquitous gram-negative bacteria, which can survive in a wide range of environments. They can use many substances for their growth and are known to be intrinsically resistant to many antimicrobial agents. They have been tested for biotechnological applications, bioremediation, and production of antimicrobial agents. Method Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol was isolated from a crude oil contaminated soil. The capability of this isolate to tolerate and degrade polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) such as anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, phenanthridine, and xylene was evaluated in Bushnell Hass medium containing PAHs as the sole carbon sources. The metabolites formed after 30-day degradation of naphthalene by Pemsol were analyzed using Fourier Transform Infra-red Spectroscopic (FTIR), Ultra-Performance Liquid Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (UPLC-MS) and Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry (GC-MS). The genome of Pemsol was also sequenced and analyzed. Results Anthraquinone, biphenyl, naphthalene, phenanthrene, and phenanthridine except xylene can be used as sole carbon sources for Pemsol’s growth in Bushnell Hass medium. The degradation of naphthalene at a concentration of 1 mg/mL within 30 days was tested. A newly formed catechol peak and the disappearance of naphthalene peak detected on the UPLC-MS, and GC-MS analyses spectra respectively confirmed the complete degradation of naphthalene. Pemsol does not produce biosurfactant and neither bio-emulsify PAHs. The whole genome was sequenced and assembled into one scaffold with a length of 4,373,402 bp. A total of 145 genes involved in the degradation of PAHs were found in its genome, some of which are Pemsol-specific as compared with other 11 Stenotrophomonas genomes. Most specific genes are located on the genomic islands. Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol’s possession of few genes that are associated with bio-emulsification gives the genetic basis for its inability to bio-emulsify PAH. A possible degradation pathway for naphthalene in Pemsol was proposed following the analysis of Pemsol’s genome. ANI and GGDH analysis indicated that Pemsol is likely a new species of Stenotrophomonas. It is the first report on a complete genome sequence analysis of a PAH-degrading Stenotrophomonas. Stenotrophomonas sp. Pemsol possesses features that make it a good bacterium for genetic engineering and will be an excellent tool for the remediation of crude oil or PAH-contaminated soil.

scholarly journals Potential for phenol biodegradation in cloud waters

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (18) ◽  
pp. 5733-5744 ◽  
Author(s):  
Audrey Lallement ◽  
Ludovic Besaury ◽  
Elise Tixier ◽  
Martine Sancelme ◽  
Pierre Amato ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Samples ◽  
Messenger Rna ◽  
Phenol Degradation ◽  
Cloud Water ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Phenol Biodegradation ◽  
Main Degradation Product ◽  
High Volatility ◽  
Metabolic Screening ◽  
Cloud Medium

Abstract. Phenol is toxic and can be found in many environments, in particular in the atmosphere due to its high volatility. It can be emitted directly from manufacturing processes or natural sources, and it can also result from benzene oxidation. Although phenol biodegradation by microorganisms has been studied in many environments, the cloud medium has not been investigated yet as the discovery of active microorganisms in cloud is rather recent. The main objective of this work was to evaluate the potential degradation of phenol by cloud microorganisms. Phenol concentrations were measured by GC-MS on two cloud samples collected at the PUY station (summit of Puy de Dôme, 1465 m a.s.l., France): they ranged from 0.15 to 0.21 µg L−1. The strategy for investigating its potential biodegradation involved a metatranscriptomic analysis and metabolic screening of bacterial strains from cloud water collected at the PUY station for phenol degradation capabilities (from the 145 tested strains, 33 were isolated for this work). Among prokaryotic messenger RNA-enriched metatranscriptomes obtained from three cloud water samples, which were different from those used for phenol quantification, we detected transcripts of genes coding for enzymes involved in phenol degradation (phenol monooxygenases and phenol hydroxylases) and its main degradation product, catechol (catechol 1,2-dioxygenases). These enzymes were likely from Gammaproteobacteria, a dominant class in clouds, more specifically the genera Acinetobacter and Pseudomonas. Bacterial isolates from cloud water samples (Pseudomonas spp., Rhodococcus spp., and strains from the Moraxellaceae family) were screened for their ability to degrade phenol: 93 % of the 145 strains tested were positive. These findings highlight the possibility of phenol degradation by microorganisms in clouds. Metatranscriptomic analysis suggested that phenol could be biodegraded in clouds, while 93 % of 145 bacterial strains isolated from clouds were able to degrade phenol.

scholarly journals Mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov., isolated from root nodules of Acacia melanoxylon R. Br.

2015 ◽  
Vol 65 (Pt_10) ◽  
pp. 3558-3563 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ya Jie Zhu ◽  
Jun Kun Lu ◽  
Ying Long Chen ◽  
Sheng Kun Wang ◽  
Xin Hua Sui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
16S Rrna ◽  
16S Rrna Gene ◽  
Root Nodules ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Dna Relatedness ◽  
Acacia Melanoxylon ◽  
Wide Range

Three novel strains, RITF741T, RITF1220 and RITF909, isolated from root nodules of Acacia melanoxylon in Guangdong Province of China, have been previously identified as members of the genus Mesorhizobium, displaying the same 16S rRNA gene RFLP pattern. Phylogenetic analysis of 16S rRNA gene sequences indicated that the three strains belong to the genus Mesorhizobium and had highest similarity (100.0 %) to Mesorhizobium plurifarium LMG 11892T. Phylogenetic analyses of housekeeping genes recA, atpD and glnII revealed that these strains represented a distinct evolutionary lineage within the genus Mesorhizobium. Strain RITF741T showed >73 % DNA–DNA relatedness with strains RITF1220 and RITF909, but < 60 % DNA–DNA relatedness with the closest type strains of recognized species of the genus Mesorhizobium. They differed from each other and from their closest phylogenetic neighbours by presence/absence of several fatty acids, or by large differences in the relative amounts of particular fatty acids. While showing distinctive features, they were generally able to utilize a wide range of substrates as sole carbon sources based on API 50CH and API 20NE tests. The three strains were able to form nodules with the original host Acacia melanoxylon and other woody legumes such as Acacia aneura, Albizia falcataria and Leucaena leucocephala. In conclusion, these strains represent a novel species belonging to the genus Mesorhizobium based on the data obtained in the present and previous studies, for which the name Mesorhizobium acaciae sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is RITF741T ( = CCBAU 101090T = JCM 30534T), the DNA G+C content of which is 64.1 mol% (T m).

scholarly journals Characterization of Polyhydroxyalkanoates Produced by Contaminated Soil Bacteria using Wastewater and Glucose as Carbon Sources

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (9) ◽  
pp. 1605-1611
Author(s):  
S Munir ◽  
N Jamil
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Source ◽  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Carbon Sources ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Pha Production ◽  
Different Sources

Purpose: To isolate polyhydroxyalkanoates (PHA)-producing bacterial strains from contaminated soil using industrial wastewater and glucose as carbon soured by Macrogen sequencing. Two different sources, namely, glucose and wastewater were used to ces.Methods: The strains were isolated and identified as Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Enterobacter, Exiguobacterium and Stenotrophomonas using biochemical tests and further confirmevaluate and  compare the use of wastewater as a carbon source for PHA production. The biomass obtained was analyzed by Fourier transform infra-red (FTIR) to identify the presence of PHA in it. Afterwards, PHA extraction was carried out and then gas chromatography (GC) performed to identify PHA monomers.Results: Utilization of glucose resulted in the production of PHB, while wastewater yielded copolymers poly-3 hydroxybutyrate-co-3hydroxyvalerate P(3HB-co-3HV) due to its content of volatile fatty acids such as acetic acid, propionic acid and butyric acid, which led to the production of different types of polymers. The maximum PHA production was 41 ± 0.22 % obtained for Stenotrophomonas (SM03) using 2 % glucose as carbon source while for wastewater, maximum production was achieved by the Pseudomonas strain (SM01).Conclusion: Wastewater is produced in large quantities daily during various activities and therefore can be used as a cheap carbon source for the production of valuable products such as PHA.Keywords: Polyhydroxyalkanoates, Wastewater, Glucose, Pseudomonas strain, Stenotrophomonas

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