scholarly journals Kombination geophysikalischer und hydrogeologischer Methoden zur gezielten Erkundung feinkörniger Talfüllungen

Grundwasser ◽  
2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Klingler ◽  
Simon Martin ◽  
Olaf A. Cirpka ◽  
Peter Dietrich ◽  
Carsten Leven
Keyword(s):  

KurzfassungSedimentäre Strukturen können die Fließ- und Stofftransportpfade in feinkörnigen Talfüllungen stark beeinflussen. Diese Strukturen müssen gezielt auf ihre Ausdehnung und Eigenschaften untersucht werden, um Verweilzeiten, Fließpfade und das Abbaupotenzial eingetragener Schadstoffe zu bestimmen. In der quartären Talfüllung der Ammeraue bei Tübingen wurden beispielhaft Torflagen und eine Kiesrinne untersucht, um ihre Einflüsse auf die regionale Hydrogeologie und Hydrochemie zu bewerten. Dafür wurden geophysikalische und hydrogeologische Erkundungsmethoden ausgewählt und kombiniert. Mit geoelektrischen Oberflächenmessungen konnte die Ausdehnung der betrachteten Strukturen erkundet werden. Unterschiedliche Direct-Push-Sondierungen, darunter eine In-situ-Bestimmung der Sedimentfarbe, und bohrlochgeophysikalische Messungen erfassten ihre Geometrie und interne Heterogenität. Die hydraulischen und biogeochemischen Eigenschaften der Sedimente und des Grundwassers wurden anschließend durch gezielte Probennahmen und hydraulische Tests an repräsentativen Ansatzpunkten bestimmt. Die dargestellte Methodenkombination zur Abgrenzung relevanter Teilgebiete mit anschließender hochauflösender Untersuchung lässt sich auch auf die Untersuchung großflächiger Täler übertragen.

Géotechnique ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 253-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. KOBAYASHI ◽  
H. ONOUE ◽  
S. OBA ◽  
N. YASUFUKU ◽  
K. OMINE

1999 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Lowry ◽  
N. Mason ◽  
V. Chipman ◽  
K. Kisiel ◽  
J. Stockton

Water ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 3383
Author(s):  
James Reece ◽  
Mark Christenson ◽  
Ann Kambhu ◽  
Yusong Li ◽  
Clifford E. Harris ◽  
...  

One of the biggest challenges to treating contaminated aquifers with chemical oxidants is achieving uniform coverage of the target zone. In an effort to maximize coverage, we report the design and installation of a novel aerated, slow-release oxidant delivery system that can be installed by direct-push equipment. By continuously bubbling air beneath a slow-release oxidant in situ, an airlift pump is created that causes water and oxidant to be dispersed from the top of the outer screen and drawn in at the bottom. This continuous circulation pattern around each drive point greatly facilitates the spreading of the oxidant as it slowly dissolves from the wax matrix (i.e., oxidant candle). Given that the aeration rate controls the outward flow of oxidant from the outer screen in all directions, the radius of influence around each drive point is largely a function of the outward velocity of the oxidant exiting the screen and the advection rate opposing the upgradient and lateral spreading. Temporal sampling from three field sites treated with the aerated oxidant system are presented and results show that contaminant concentrations typically decreased 50–99% within 6–9 months after installation. Supporting flow tank experiments that demonstrate oxidant flow patterns and treatment efficacy are also presented.


Author(s):  
Armand Abordán ◽  
Norbert Péter Szabó

AbstractIn this paper, a set of machine learning (ML) tools is applied to estimate the water saturation of shallow unconsolidated sediments at the Bátaapáti site in Hungary. Water saturation is directly calculated from the first factor extracted from a set of direct push logs by factor analysis. The dataset observed by engineering geophysical sounding tools as special variants of direct-push probes contains data from a total of 12 shallow penetration holes. Both one- and two-dimensional applications of the suggested method are presented. To improve the performance of factor analysis, particle swarm optimization (PSO) is applied to give a globally optimized estimate for the factor scores. Furthermore, by a hyperparameter estimation approach, some control parameters of the utilized PSO algorithm are automatically estimated by simulated annealing (SA) to ensure the convergence of the procedure. The result of the suggested ML-based log analysis method is compared and verified by an independent inversion estimate. The study shows that the PSO-based factor analysis aided by hyperparameter estimation provides reliable in situ estimates of water saturation, which may improve the solution of environmental end engineering problems in shallow unconsolidated heterogeneous formations.


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