Income Effects on the Intellectual Development of Children from Low-Income Families in Hong Kong: The Mediating Role of Parental Investment and Parental Stress

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kelvin Chi-Kin Cheung ◽  
Richard Kwok-Shing Wong
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Parental Investment ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Intellectual Development ◽  
Income Effects ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Low Income Families

scholarly journals A prospective cohort study to investigate parental stress and child health in low-income Chinese families: protocol paper

BMJ Open ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. e018792 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosa Sze Man Wong ◽  
Esther Yee Tak Yu ◽  
Vivian Yawei Guo ◽  
Eric Yuk-Fai Wan ◽  
Weng-Yee Chin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cohort Study ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Child Health ◽  
Prospective Cohort Study ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Parental Stress ◽  
Prospective Cohort ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Physiological Tests ◽  
And Child Health

IntroductionChronic stress has adverse effects on health. Adults and children from low-income families are subject to multiple sources of stress. Existing literature about economic hardship mostly focuses on either adults or children but not both. Moreover, there is limited knowledge on the relationship between parental generalised stress and child health problems. This study aims to explore the bidirectional relationship between parental stress and child health in Chinese low-income families and to identify other modifiable factors influencing this relationship.Methods and analysisThis prospective cohort study will sample 254 low-income parent–child pairs and follow them up for 24 months with assessments at three time points (baseline, 12 and 24 months) on parental stress, health-related quality of life (HRQOL) and child health and behaviour using both subjective measures and objective physiological parameters. This study will collect data using standardised measures on HRQOL and behaviours of children as well as on HRQOL, mental health and stress levels of parents along with physiological tests of allostatic load and telomere length. The mediating or moderating effect of family harmony, parenting style and neighbourhood conditions will also be assessed. Data will be analysed using latent growth modelling and cross-lagged path analysis modelling to examine the bidirectional effect of parental stress and child health over time. Mediation and moderation analysis will also be conducted to examine the mechanism by which the variables relate.Ethics and disseminationThis study was approved by the institutional review board of the University of Hong Kong—the Hospital Authority Hong Kong West Cluster, reference no: UW 16-415. The study findings will be disseminated through peer-reviewed publications and international conferences.Trial registration numberNCT03185273; Pre-results.

Early onset of overweight among children from low‐income families: The role of exclusive breastfeeding and maternal intake of ultra‐processed food

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jayanne Mayara Magalhães Melo ◽  
Bruna Larine Lemos Fontes Silva Dourado ◽  
Risia Cristina Egito Menezes ◽  
Giovana Longo‐Silva ◽  
Jonas Augusto Cardoso Silveira
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Exclusive Breastfeeding ◽  
Early Onset ◽  
Processed Food ◽  
Low Income Families

scholarly journals The correlation between socioeconomic factors and COVID-19 among immigrants in Norway: a register-based study

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110158
Author(s):  
Marte Kjøllesdal ◽  
Katrine Skyrud ◽  
Abdi Gele ◽  
Trude Arnesen ◽  
Hilde Kløvstad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Factors ◽  
Low Income ◽  
Emergency Preparedness ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
Group Level ◽  
Socioeconomic Indicators ◽  
Targeted Interventions ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
Crowded Housing

Aim: Immigrants in Norway have higher COVID-19 notification and hospitalisation rates than Norwegian-born individuals. The knowledge about the role of socioeconomic factors to explain these differences is limited. We investigate the relationship between socioeconomic indicators at group level and epidemiological data for all notified cases of COVID-19 and related hospitalisations among the 23 largest immigrant groups in Norway. Methods: We used data on all notified COVID-19 cases in Norway up to 15 November 2020, and associated hospitalisations, from the Norwegian Surveillance System for Communicable Diseases and the emergency preparedness register at the Norwegian Institute of Public Health. We report notified COVID-19 cases and associated hospitalisation rates per 100,000 and their correlation to income, education, unemployment, crowded housing and years of residency at the group level. Results: Crowded housing and low income at a group level were correlated with rates of both notified cases of COVID-19 (Pearson`s correlation coefficient 0.77 and 0.52) and related hospitalisations (0.72, 0.50). In addition, low educational level and unemployment were correlated with a high number of notified cases. Conclusions: Immigrant groups living in disadvantaged socioeconomic positions are important to target with preventive measures for COVID-19. This must include targeted interventions for low-income families living in overcrowded households.

Disrupted daily routines mediate the socioeconomic gradient of depression amid public health crises: A repeated cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 000486742110512
Author(s):  
Francisco Tsz Tsun Lai ◽  
Vivien Kin Yi Chan ◽  
Tsz Wai Li ◽  
Xue Li ◽  
Stevan E Hobfoll ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Hong Kong ◽  
Daily Routine ◽  
Education Attainment ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Socioeconomic Gradient ◽  
Higher Education Attainment ◽  
Probable Depression

Objective: There is a socioeconomic gradient to depression risks, with more pronounced inequality amid macroenvironmental potential traumatic events. Between mid-2019 and mid-2020, the Hong Kong population experienced drastic societal changes, including the escalating civil unrest and the COVID-19 pandemic. We examined the change of the socioeconomic gradient in depression and the potential intermediary role of daily routine disruptions. Method: We conducted repeated territory-wide telephone surveys in July 2019 and July 2020 with 1112 and 2034 population-representative Cantonese-speaking Hong Kong citizens above 15 years old, respectively. Stratified by year, we examined the association between socioeconomic indicators (education attainment, household income, employment status and marital status) and probable depression (nine-item Patient Health Questionnaire [PHQ-9] ⩾ 10) using logistic regression. Differences in the socioeconomic gradient between 2019 and 2020 were tested. Finally, we performed a path analysis to test for the mediating role of daily routine disruptions. Results: Logistic regression showed that higher education attainment in 2019 and being married in 2020 were protective against probable depression. Interaction analysis showed that the inverse association of higher education attainment with probable depression attenuated in 2020 but that of being married increased. Path analysis showed that the mediated effects through daily routine disruptions accounted for 95.9% of the socioeconomic gradient of probable depression in 2020, compared with 13.1% in 2019. Conclusion: From July 2019 to July 2020, the mediating role of daily routine disruptions in the socioeconomic gradient of depression in Hong Kong increased. It is thus implied that infection control measures should consider the relevant potential mental health impacts accordingly.

scholarly journals Psychological Difficulties Mediate and Self-Efficacy Moderates the Relationship Between Family Cumulative Risk and Hope Among Chinese Children From Low-Income Families

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiayun Yin ◽  
Dongfang Wang ◽  
Zhihua Li ◽  
Yuesheng Huang
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Index ◽  
Cumulative Risk ◽  
Chinese Children ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Ocean Effect ◽  
Psychological Difficulties ◽  
Low Income Families ◽  
The Relationship

This longitudinal study investigated the role of psychological difficulties and self-efficacy in the relationship between family cumulative risk and hope among children from low-income families. The participants were 392 Chinese children from low-income families; the study extended for 2 years, and participants completed data that were collected with the following questionnaires: the Family Cumulative Risk Index, Children's Hope Scale, Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire-Difficulties subscale, and General Self-efficacy Scale. The results demonstrated that psychological difficulties played a mediating role in the relationship between family cumulative risk and hope; specifically, family cumulative risk predicted hope of children via psychological difficulties. Self-efficacy moderated the relationship between psychological difficulties and hope. This moderation supported “a drop in the ocean effect”; the protective effect of high self-efficacy worked only when psychological difficulties were at low levels. When psychological difficulties were at high levels, the buffering effect of self-efficacy on family cumulative risk was gradually weakened and eventually lost.

The Mediating Role of Self-Compassion Between Mindfulness and Compassion Fatigue Among Therapists in Hong Kong

Mindfulness ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 460-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sindy Y. C. Yip ◽  
Winnie W. S. Mak ◽  
Floria H. N. Chio ◽  
Rita W. Law
Keyword(s):  
Hong Kong ◽  
Compassion Fatigue ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Self Compassion
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