scholarly journals Racial Disparities in Neighborhood Arrest Rates during the COVID-19 Pandemic

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaquelyn L. Jahn ◽  
Jessica T. Simes ◽  
Tori L. Cowger ◽  
Brigette A. Davis
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Arrest Rates

scholarly journals Racial demographics explain the link between racial disparities in traffic stops and county-level racial attitudes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pierce D. Ekstrom ◽  
Joel Michel Le Forestier ◽  
Calvin K. Lai
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Racial Attitudes ◽  
County Level ◽  
White Americans ◽  
Traffic Stops ◽  
Arrest Rates ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Level Data ◽  
Implicit And Explicit ◽  
Racial Demographics

Disparities in the treatment of Black and White Americans in police stops are pernicious and widespread. We examine racial disparities in police traffic stops by leveraging data on traffic stops from hundreds of U.S. counties from the Stanford Open Policing Project and corresponding county-level data on implicit and explicit racial attitudes from the Project Implicit research website. We find that Black-White traffic stop disparities are associated with county-level implicit and explicit racial attitudes and that this association is attributable to racial demographics: counties with a higher proportion of White residents had larger racial disparities in police traffic stops. We also examined racial disparities in several post-stop outcomes (e.g., arrest rates) and found that they were not systematically related to racial attitudes, despite evidence of disparities. These findings indicate that racial disparities in counties’ traffic stops are reliably linked to counties’ racial attitudes and demographic compositions.

Revisiting Neighborhood Context and Racial Disparities in Drug Arrests Under the Opioid Epidemic

2019 ◽  
pp. 215336871987722
Author(s):  
Ellen A. Donnelly ◽  
Jascha Wagner ◽  
Tammy L. Anderson ◽  
Daniel O’Connell
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Racial Differences ◽  
Racial Diversity ◽  
Neighborhood Context ◽  
Economic Disadvantage ◽  
Neighborhood Conditions ◽  
Arrest Rates ◽  
Calls For Service ◽  
Drug Law ◽  
Drug Arrests

As opioid addiction has risen in recent years, racial disparities in drug arrests may be changing in their size and sources. Neighborhood conditions, like economic disadvantage and racial composition, are powerful determinants of racial differences in arrests. Overdoses and police responses to these incidents may, however, alter the neighborhood context of drug arrests, especially those tied to heroin, synthetic narcotics, and related opium derivatives offenses. This study revisits the environmental correlates of arrest disparities by conducting a neighborhood-level analysis of Black–White differences in drug possession and selling arrests by substance type across the State of Delaware. Spatial model estimates suggest economic disadvantage and racial diversity in neighborhoods substantially increase Black arrest rates. Conversely, White arrest rates grow with more calls for service for overdose incidents, racial homogeneity, and to a lesser extent, economic disadvantage within a community. Disparities in arrest also vary by substance type, as heroin arrests for Whites are most correlated with higher overdose service calls relative to White arrests for marijuana, cocaine, and other substances or Black arrests for any substance. Results underscore the need to reexamine neighborhood conditions and arrest disparities due to emerging shifts in drug use and drug law enforcement.

scholarly journals Racial Disparities in Arrests: A Race Specific Model Explaining Arrest Rates Across Black and White Young Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cydney Schleiden ◽  
Kristy L. Soloski ◽  
Kaitlyn Milstead ◽  
Abby Rhynehart
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Specific Model ◽  
Arrest Rates ◽  
Black And White

An Examination of Racial Disparities in Misdemeanor Marijuana Possession Arrests Following Reforms in Four U.S. Jurisdictions

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristyn A. Jones ◽  
Darren Agboh ◽  
Meredith Patten ◽  
Preeti Chauhan
Keyword(s):  
New York ◽  
Los Angeles ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Black People ◽  
Ethnic Disparities ◽  
Prince George's County ◽  
Arrest Rates ◽  
Rate Of Decline ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Racial Ethnic

Abstract Using data from New York, NY; Los Angeles, CA; Prince George’s County, MD; and Louisville, KY, we examine trends in racial disparities in the enforcement of misdemeanor marijuana possessionbefore and after marijuana reforms. In these jurisdictions, we find that changes to marijuana enforcement were associated with reductions in arrest rates for Black, Hispanic, and White people, though the rate of decline varied by jurisdiction. Black people were arrested at the highest rates in relation to their proportion of the population. In three of the four jurisdictions where issuing criminal citations was an enforcement option, racial/ethnic disparities in arrest rates increased post-reforms; legalization and the option to issue a civil citation were associated with reductions in racial/ethnic disparities. Trends in this study provide policymakers with information to implement effective reforms that target racial disparities in marijuana possession arrests.

Sex and Racial Disparities in the Treatment and Outcomes of Muscle-invasive Bladder Cancer

Urology ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica Marinaro ◽  
Alexander Zeymo ◽  
Jillian Egan ◽  
Filipe Carvalho ◽  
Ross Krasnow ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bladder Cancer ◽  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive Bladder Cancer ◽  
Muscle Invasive

342: Racial Disparities in the Surgical Management of Stress Incontinence Among Female Medicare Beneficiaries

2006 ◽  
Vol 175 (4S) ◽  
pp. 112-112
Author(s):  
Jennifer T. Anger ◽  
Mark S. Litwin ◽  
Qin Wang ◽  
Er Chen ◽  
Chris L. Pashos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Surgical Management ◽  
Stress Incontinence ◽  
Medicare Beneficiaries

1548: Racial Disparities in Kidney-Transplant Graft Outcomes, with a Proposal to Improve Graft Success Rates

2005 ◽  
Vol 173 (4S) ◽  
pp. 419-419
Author(s):  
Constance Marks ◽  
Carlumandarlo E.B. Zaramo ◽  
Joan M. Alster ◽  
Charles Modlin
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Kidney Transplant ◽  
Success Rates ◽  
Graft Success

Teaching physicians-in-training to address racial disparities in health: a hospital-community partnership

2003 ◽  
Vol 118 (4) ◽  
pp. 349-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A Jacobs ◽  
Claire Kohrman ◽  
Maurice Lemon ◽  
Dennis L Vickers
Keyword(s):  
Racial Disparities ◽  
Community Partnership ◽  
Racial Disparities In Health
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