scholarly journals Crop processing, consumption and trade of Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) in the Arabian Peninsula during Antiquity: earliest evidence from Mleiha (third c. AD), United Arab Emirates

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vladimir Dabrowski ◽  
Charlène Bouchaud ◽  
Margareta Tengberg ◽  
Michel Mouton
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
United Arab Emirates ◽  
Arabian Peninsula ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Crop Processing ◽  
Asian Rice

scholarly journals Determination of genetic variability of Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) varieties using microsatellite markers

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (21) ◽  
pp. 5641-5651 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Pervaiz Zahida ◽  
A Rabbani Malik ◽  
R Pearce Stephen ◽  
A Malik Salman
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Microsatellite Markers ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Asian Rice

scholarly journals DRY RICE HUSK FILLER EFFECT TO TENSILE BEHAVIORS OF RECYCLED HIGH-DENSITY POLYETHYLENE (HDPE)-BASED GREEN COMPOSITES

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (4) ◽  
pp. 82-91
Author(s):  
Dalhar Susanto ◽  
Mochamad Chalid ◽  
Widyarko ◽  
Intan Chairunnisa ◽  
Cut Sannas Saskia
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Natural Fiber ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Plastic Waste ◽  
High Density ◽  
Asian Rice

The possibility of using plastic waste to manufacture hybrid bio-composite materials with the dry husk of Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) is investigated. The most polluted and unsustainable plastic waste is High-Density Polyethylene (HDPE) due to its single-use, which decreases in quality if it is reused is selected. The mixtures chosen are local natural fiber and easy to find, potentially a preliminary study of a composites building material. Furthermore, to improve the tensile properties of this hybrid bio-composite material, an additional organic filler is used, such as rice husk (Oryza sativa L.) in a combination of 10%, 12%, and 15%. Samples for this study were processed using the hot press methods based on ASTM D882. Tested for tensile strength, modulus young, yield stress, and elongation is carried out to see an increase in the performance of the biocomposite material. The test results show that the best tensile properties are samples with 12% rice husk, resulting in excellent sample compatibility proofed by Scan Electron Microscopy to study bio-morphological composites. This project has shown that the composites based on natural fiber will be potential building materials due to their improved tensile properties.

scholarly journals In silico analysis of the fragrance gene (badh2) in Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) germplasm and validation of allele specific markers

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 71-80
Author(s):  
Withanage Vidyani Erandika Withana ◽  
Rathanyaka Maudiyanselage Ramesha Eshani Kularathna ◽  
Nisha Sualri Kottearachchi ◽  
Deepthika S. Kekulandara ◽  
Jagath Weerasena ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
In Silico ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Major Gene ◽  
In Silico Analysis ◽  
Betaine Aldehyde Dehydrogenase ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Rice Varieties ◽  
Asian Rice ◽  
Allele Specific

AbstractBadh2 of rice is considered to be the major gene responsible for the fragrance in rice. The wild type badh2 allele encodes betaine aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (BADH2) enzyme while the mutated version of badh2 gene encodes non-functional BADH2 enzyme that leads to the accumulation of 2-acetyl-1-pyrroline (2AP), the principal fragrant compound in rice. There are many mutated recessive alleles causing fragrance in global rice germplasm, although the badh2.1 allele present in Basmati type rice is the most well-known among breeders. In this study, we attempted to reveal potential fragrance causing mutations, and the respective varieties carrying them, through in silico analysis based on the sequences available in the Rice SNP-Seek-Database of International Rice Research Institute. The sequences of 1878 rice accessions from 22 countries were analysed to identify mutations in each exon of badh2 comparatively with the non-fragrant ‘wildtype’ GenBank sequence in Nanjing11, Oryza sativa indica (EU770319.1). Results revealed that 63 varieties from 12 countries possessed the most prevalent allele, badh2.1 having an 8 bp deletion and three single nucleotide polymorphisms in the 7th exon. The second most prevalent allele in genotypes from Asia was badh2.7 having a ‘G’ insertion in the 14th exon. A novel allele with a T deletion in 9th exon was detected in a Thai rice accession. Rice varieties containing either badh2.1 or badh2.7 alleles could be identified with DNA markers for badh2.1 (frg) and badh2.7 (Bad2.7CAPS). The marker, Bad2.7CAPS, co-segregated with the fragrance phenotype in two crosses, confirming the possibility of employing it in marker assisted breeding.

scholarly journals Genetic structure revealed by a whole-genome single-nucleotide polymorphism survey of diverse accessions of cultivated Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.)

2010 ◽  
Vol 60 (4) ◽  
pp. 390-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kaworu Ebana ◽  
Jun-ichi Yonemaru ◽  
Shuichi Fukuoka ◽  
Hiroyoshi Iwata ◽  
Hiroyuki Kanamori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Single Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Genetic Structure ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Whole Genome ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphism ◽  
Single Nucleotide ◽  
Asian Rice

scholarly journals Directional selection at gene expression level contributes to the speciation of Asian rice cultivars

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lihong Xie ◽  
Kehan Yu ◽  
Dongjing Chen
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Directional Selection ◽  
Expression Level ◽  
Stabilizing Selection ◽  
Rice Cultivars ◽  
Gene Expression Variation ◽  
Expression Variation ◽  
Asian Rice

Differences in expression levels play important roles in phenotypic variation across species, especially those closely related species with limited genomic differences. Therefore, studying gene evolution at expression level is important for illustrating phenotypic differentiation between species, such as the two Asian rice cultivars, Oryza sativa L. ssp. indica and Oryza sativa L. ssp. japonica. In this study, we evaluated the gene expression variation at inter-subspecies and intra-subspecies levels using transcriptome data from seedlings of three indica and japonica rice and defined four groups of genes under different natural selections. We found a substantial of genes (about 79%) that are under stabilizing selection at the expression level in both subspecies, while about 16% of genes are under directional selection. Genes under directional selection have higher expression level and lower expression variation than those under stabilizing selection, which suggest a potential explanation to subspecies adaptation to different environments and interspecific phenotypic differences. Subsequent functional enrichment analysis of genes under directional selection shows that indica rice have experienced the adaptation to environmental stresses, and also show differences in biosynthesis and metabolism pathways. Our study provides an avenue of investigating indica-japonica differentiation through gene expression variation, which may guide to rice breeding and yield improvement.

scholarly journals Endophytes from African Rice (Oryza glaberrima L.) Efficiently Colonize Asian Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Stimulating the Activity of Its Antioxidant Enzymes and Increasing the Content of Nitrogen, Carbon, and Chlorophyll

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1714
Author(s):  
Carmen Bianco ◽  
Anna Andreozzi ◽  
Silvia Romano ◽  
Camilla Fagorzi ◽  
Lisa Cangioli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Nitrogenase Activity ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Tropical Region ◽  
Oryza Glaberrima ◽  
Bacterial Endophytes ◽  
African Rice ◽  
Asian Rice ◽  
Temperate Climates

Bacterial endophytes support the adaptation of host plants to harsh environments. In this study, culturable bacterial endophytes were isolated from the African rice Oryza glaberrima L., which is well-adapted to grow with poor external inputs in the tropical region of Mali. Among these, six N-fixer strains were used to inoculate O. glaberrima RAM133 and the Asian rice O. sativa L. cv. Baldo, selected for growth in temperate climates. The colonization efficiency and the N-fixing activity were evaluated and compared for the two rice varieties. Oryza sativa-inoculated plants showed a fairly good colonization efficiency and nitrogenase activity. The inoculation of Oryza sativa with the strains Klebsiella pasteurii BDA134-6 and Phytobacter diazotrophicus BDA59-3 led to the highest nitrogenase activity. In addition, the inoculation of ‘Baldo’ plants with the strain P. diazotrophicus BDA59-3 led to a significant increase in nitrogen, carbon and chlorophyll content. Finally, ‘Baldo’ plants inoculated with Kl. pasteurii BDA134-6 showed the induction of antioxidant enzymes activity and the maintenance of nitrogen-fixation under salt stress as compared to the unstressed controls. As these endophytes efficiently colonize high-yielding crop varieties grown in cold temperate climates, they become good candidates to promote their growth under unfavorable conditions.

Geographic authentication of Asian rice (Oryza sativa L.) using multi-elemental and stable isotopic data combined with multivariate analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 240 ◽  
pp. 840-849 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ill-Min Chung ◽  
Jae-Kwang Kim ◽  
Kyoung-Jin Lee ◽  
Sung-Kyu Park ◽  
Ji-Hee Lee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multivariate Analysis ◽  
Oryza Sativa ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Isotopic Data ◽  
Asian Rice ◽  
Stable Isotopic
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