Comparison of inoculation methods for selecting common bean genotypes with physiological resistance to white mold

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (1) ◽  
pp. 65-72 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lenio U. Ferreira ◽  
Victor A. Ribeiro ◽  
Patrícia G. S. Melo ◽  
Murillo Lobo Junior ◽  
Joaquim Geraldo C. Costa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Physiological Resistance

Efficacy of three greenhouse screening methods for the identification of physiological resistance to white mold in dry bean

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (4) ◽  
pp. 755-762 ◽  
Author(s):  
H Terán ◽  
S P Singh
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Screening Methods ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
Dry Bean ◽  
Physiological Resistance ◽  
Nueva Granada

White mold (WM) caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is the most devastating disease of common bean (dry and snap or garden bean) (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) in North America. The use of a reliable screening method (SM) in common bean is crucial to improve physiological resistance to WM. The objective of this study was to compare the efficacy of three SM to identify physiological resistance in dry bean genotypes with different evolutionary origins and levels of resistance. Screening methods tested were: (i) the modified straw test or cut–stem (CSM); (ii) infected bean flower (IFL); and (iii) infected oat seed (IOS). A 195, ICA Bunsi, Othello, and VCW 54 dry bean were tested with the three SM. The experimental design was a split plot in randomized complete blocks with three replications in 2007 and 2008. Two independent inoculations 1 wk apart for each SM were made. The WM reaction was scored at 16, 23, and 33 d post-inoculation (DPI) using a 1 to 9 scale. There were highly significant differences between SM and its interaction with years. The CSM and IFL were the most consistent and highly correlated (r > 0.70, P < 0.01). Interspecific breeding line VCW 54 consistently had the highest WM resistance across years, SM, and evaluation dates, followed by A 195. White mold scores increased with delayed evaluations. Thus, CSM or IFL with disease assessed 33 DPI should be used for identifying common bean genotypes with high levels of physiological resistance to WM.Key words: Common bean, growth habit, race Mesoamerica, race Nueva Granada, Phaseolus vulgaris, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Mapping quantitative trait loci conferring partial physiological resistance to white mold in the common bean RIL population Xana × Cornell 49242

2010 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elena Pérez-Vega ◽  
Aida Pascual ◽  
Ana Campa ◽  
Ramón Giraldez ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Trait Loci ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Quantitative Trait ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Ril Population ◽  
Trait Loci ◽  
Physiological Resistance ◽  
The Common

Gamete and recurrent selection for improving physiological resistance to white mold in common bean

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 153-162 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Terán ◽  
S P Singh
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Recurrent Selection ◽  
Severe Disease ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Progeny Testing ◽  
Selection Methods ◽  
Evolutionary Origins ◽  
Physiological Resistance ◽  
Selection For ◽  
Interspecific Breeding

White mold (WM) is a widely distributed and severe disease of common bean in North America. The objective of this study was to determine the effectiveness of gamete (GS) and recurrent (RS) selection methods for improving WM resistance. Two double-crosses, namely USPT-WM-1/CORNELL 601//USPT-CBB-1/92BG-7 and ‘Chas’/I 9365-25//ABL 15/A 195 were made. Equal numbers of progenies from both crosses were subjected to GS and RS. The GS was practiced from F1 to F4 by selecting WM resistant single plants followed by progeny testing in the subsequent generation. Two cycles of RS were practiced by intermating selected WM resistant plants in each cycle. Thirteen selected families in each method and parents were evaluated at 16, 23, and 33 days post first inoculation in replicated trials in two greenhouse environments. Higher frequencies of families with lower WM scores were obtained from GS than RS. The average genetic gains due to GS and RS were 19.6 and 7.9%, respectively. Employing multiple-parent-crosses involving parents of diverse evolutionary origins delayed WM evaluation, and application of GS are recommended for improving physiological WM resistance in common bean.Key words: Interspecific breeding line, introgressing resistance, multiple-parent crosses, Phaseolus vulgaris, pyramiding resistance, Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Linked candidate genes of different functions for white mold resistance in common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris. L) are identified by QTL-based pooled sequencing

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atena Oladzadabbasabadi ◽  
Sujan Mamidi ◽  
Phillip N. Miklas ◽  
Rian Lee ◽  
Phillip McClean
Keyword(s):  
Phaseolus Vulgaris ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Sequencing Analysis ◽  
Phaseolus Vulgaris L ◽  
Pooled Sequencing ◽  
Physiological Resistance ◽  
Mold Resistance

Abstract Background White mold (WM) is a major disease in common bean ( Phaseolus vulgaris L.), and its complex quantitative genetic control has limited the development of WM resistant cultivars. WM2.2 is one of the nine meta-QTL that has a major effect on WM tolerance. This QTL explains up to 35% of the phenotypic variation and was previously mapped to a large interval on Pv02. Our objective was to narrow the interval of this QTL using QTL-based bulk segregant analysis.Results The phenotypic and genotypic data from two RIL populations (R31 and Z0726-9), which possess different genetic backgrounds for white mold resistance, were used to select resistant and susceptible lines to generate subpopulations for bulk DNA sequencing, and reads were aligned against the sequence of the resistance parent. The QTL physical intervals for each RIL population were mapped by fixed SNPs in 10kb-2kb sliding windows. WM2.2 QTL was split into two regions WM2.2a (3.54-4.56 Mbp; euchromatic) and WM 2.2b (12.19 to 26.41 Mbp; heterochromatic) in populations R31 and Z0726-9, respectively. For each QTL interval, the possible functional contribution of significant non-synonymous and synonymous polymorphisms was investigated. Gene models encoding for pentatricopeptide repeat, gibberellin 2-oxidase, and heat-shock proteins are the likely candidate genes associated with WM2.2a resistance. A TIR-NBS-LRR class of disease resistance protein and a EF-TU receptor are potential candidate genes associated with WM2.2b resistance and most likely trigger a physiological resistance response to WM.Conclusion QTL-based pooled sequencing analysis revealed that the large genomic region associated with WM2.2 meta QTL consists of two major QTL each associated with a different WM resistance function. WM2.2a region is most likely associated with avoidance mechanisms while WM2.2b region triggers physiological resistance.

scholarly journals Similar Aggressiveness of Phenotypically and Genotypically Distinct Isolates of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

Plant Disease ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 100 (2) ◽  
pp. 360-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Lehner ◽  
R. C. Lima ◽  
J. E. S. Carneiro ◽  
T. J. Paula Júnior ◽  
R. F. Vieira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Morphological Traits ◽  
High Variability ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Breeding Programs ◽  
Inoculation Methods ◽  
Mycelial Compatibility ◽  
Ssr Loci

Understanding how Sclerotinia sclerotiorum aggressiveness varies among isolates may be useful for breeding programs aimed at developing common bean cultivars resistant to white mold. The aggressiveness of 20 S. sclerotiorum isolates collected in common bean fields from four Brazilian states was tested against two common bean genotypes (Pérola and A195) using two inoculation methods. The isolates were characterized using 10 microsatellite (SSR) loci, mycelial compatibility groups (MCGs), partial sequences of the oxaloacetate acetylhydrolase (OAH) gene, and morphological traits. Twenty SSR and seven OAH haplotypes, 10 MCGs, and high variability in colony morphology were found. One isolate was more aggressive when inoculated on plants of the genotype A195, but all other isolates had similar aggressiveness. Aggressiveness was not related with MCGs, SSR, OAH haplotypes, mycelial pigmentation, growth rate, or sclerotia production.

White Mold–Resistant Interspecific Common Bean Germplasm Lines VCW 54 and VCW 55

2009 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shree P. Singh ◽  
Henry Terán ◽  
Howard F. Schwartz ◽  
Kristen Otto ◽  
Margarita Lema
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
White Mold

scholarly journals Identification of QTLs of resistance to white mold in common bean from multiple markers by using Bayesian analysis

2015 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 1124-1135 ◽  
Author(s):  
L.A.C. Lara ◽  
J.B. Santos ◽  
M. Balestre ◽  
I.A. Lima ◽  
A.K.A. Pamplona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Analysis ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Multiple Markers

scholarly journals Protocol adjustment improves the extraction of high-quality total RNA from common bean stems infected by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafael Novais de Miranda ◽  
Caroline Marcela da Silva ◽  
Antonio Carlos da Mota Porto ◽  
Welison Andrade Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Common Bean ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Rna Extraction ◽  
White Mold ◽  
Basic Requirement ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Commercial Kits ◽  
Made In

ABSTRACT The Straw Test is an assay developed to evaluate the resistance of common bean to white mold, in which the plant stems are inoculated and the symptoms of the disease are monitored. It is plausible to admit that investigating gene expression in pathogen-infected tissues may be strategically interesting. However, obtaining a quality RNA is a basic requirement for this purpose. Therefore, the objective of this study was to evaluate adjustments in protocols of commercial kits in the expectation of improving the quality of RNA obtained from bean stems. For this, plants of two lines were inoculated and the stems pathogen-infected were collected 72 hours after. For RNA extraction, two commercial reagents were used following the manufacturer’s recommendations and then following adaptations in these protocols. In particular, the proposed modifications relate to volumes of supernatant recovered in purification steps, additional step of chloroform purification and extended time for nucleic acids precipitation. The obtained RNA was analyzed by spectrophotometer, electrophoresis and bioanalyzer, then converted into cDNA and subsequently submitted to PCR. From the obtained data, it was observed that the adaptations made in the protocols contributed to better results and that, when the indicative values of RNA quality are guaranteed, the subsequent reactions are more pure, precise and representative.

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