scholarly journals Cyanotoxins in drinking water supply reservoir (Legedadi, Central Ethiopia): implications for public health safety

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanna Habtemariam ◽  
Demeke Kifle ◽  
Seyoum Leta ◽  
Wendy Beekman ◽  
Miquel Lürling
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Algal Bloom ◽  
Addis Ababa ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Drinking Water Source ◽  
Supply Source

AbstractCyanobacterial blooms in drinking water supply affect its quality, which ultimately impacts ecosystem and public health. Thus, this cross-sectional study was conducted to perform a preliminary study on cyanotoxins via analysis of samples collected only once from two sites during the month of peak algal bloom and to subsequently prompt a comprehensive risk assessment in a major drinking water source, Legedadi Reservoir, of Addis Ababa, the capital city of Ethiopia. Samples were collected during peak algal bloom month (January 2018) from two sampling sites, near the dam (S1) and at the center of the reservoir (S2). Identification and enumeration of phytoplankton taxa were done and the measurement of common hepatotoxin (MCs and NOD) concentrations was conducted using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. In the reservoir, cyanobacteria made up to 98% of total phytoplankton abundance, with Dolichospermum and Microcystis spp, dominating the phytoplankton community. In these first cyanotoxin analyses conducted for a drinking water supply source in Ethiopia, six major MC variants, namely MC-dmRR, MC-RR, MC-YR, MC-dmLR, MC-LR, and MC-LA, were detected in both algal seston and water samples. MC-LR was the most dominant MCs variant, while nodularin was not detected for both sampling sites. Extracellular total MC concentrations (μg L−1) of 453.89 and 61.63 and intracellular total MC concentrations (μg L−1) of 189.29 and 112.34 were recorded for samples from S1 and S2, respectively. The high concentrations of extracellular MCs, with MC-LR constituting the greatest proportion, indicate the extremely high potential public health risk for end-users.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Indicators for Cyanobacterial Risk in 108 Temperate Lakes Using 23 Years of Environmental Monitoring Data

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
JING LI ◽  
Kenenth M Person ◽  
Heidi Pekar ◽  
Daniel Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants ◽  
Monitoring Strategies ◽  
Level 1

Abstract Background: Cyanobacterial blooms are of increasing concern for drinking water supply. Cyanobacterial risk in 108 temperate freshwater lakes were examined for drinking water supply. Results: In Sweden, a survey among drinking water producers showed that the sense of urgency was little. At 60 % of the Swedish drinking water treatment plants, operators lacked monitoring strategies. The study shows that blooms can produce a variety of toxins such as anatoxins, cylindrospermopsins, microcystins and saxitoxins. We confirmed the anthropogenic activities’ impact on cyanobacterial risk and evaluated that total phosphorus (TP) concentration can be used to indicate cyanobacterial risk by applying non-linear quantile regression for 108 Swedish monitoring lakes.Conclusion: We suggest that TP concentration should be investigated thoroughly to provide important knowledge which can be used to set nutrient targets to sustain safe drinking water supply and recreational services.TP should be targeted lower than 15 μg L-1, allowing 10 % exceedance of WHO Drinking Water Alert Level 1.

scholarly journals Evaluation of indicators for cyanobacterial risk in 108 temperate lakes using 23 years of environmental monitoring data

2021 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Li ◽  
K. M. Persson ◽  
H. Pekar ◽  
D. Jansson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Environmental Monitoring ◽  
Drinking Water Treatment ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Monitoring Data ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Environmental Monitoring Data

Abstract Background Cyanobacterial blooms are of increasing concern for drinking water supply. In Sweden, a survey among drinking water producers showed that the sense of urgency was little. At 60% of the Swedish drinking water treatment plants, operators lacked monitoring strategies. To get a picture of the size of the problem the presence of cyanobacterial risk in 108 Swedish lakes was evaluated from 23 years of environmental monitoring data. The drivers and indicators for cyanobacterial growth were investigated by analyzing water quality in 9 lakes that have more frequent cyanobacteria bio-volume above the WHO drinking water alert level 1: 0.2 mm3L−1. Results The study shows that the most common species in those lakes are Anabaena/Dolichospermum and Aphanizomenon followed by Microcystis, Woronichinia and Planktothrix, which can produce a variety of toxins such as anatoxins, cylindrospermopsins, microcystins and saxitoxins, supported by literature study. Our results show that cyanobacterial risk in those problematic 9 lakes are mainly nutrients driven with possibly contribution of increased organic matter. By applying non-linear quantile regression with total phosphorus (TP) as an example, we demonstrated that certain drivers such as TP can be useful for cyanobacterial risk assessment and provide control measures by setting nutrients targets. We also evidenced that cyanobacterial peaks presented at low TN:TP ratio while not necessarily vice versa. We also further evaluated that chlorophyll-a and transparency might be suitable as indicators for cyanobacterial blooms in certain lakes, while for most of the lakes, their connection is low. Conclusion Nutrients are main drivers for higher cyanobacterial occurrence in the 9 lakes. We suggest TP concentrations should be investigated thoroughly to provide important knowledge which can be used to set nutrient targets to sustain safe drinking water supply and recreational services. The complexity of indicating cyanobacterial risk in a local condition was also highlighted in this study and future study is suggested. To classify different types of lake and identify their drivers and the similarities of species composition changes in those lakes will be future studied.

scholarly journals IMPROVING CYANOBACTERIA AND CYANOTOXIN MONITORING IN SURFACE WATERS FOR DRINKING WATER SUPPLY

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Linda Parkefelt ◽  
Kenneth M Persson ◽  
Heidi Pekar
Keyword(s):  
Water Management ◽  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Management Tool ◽  
Raw Water ◽  
Water Treatment Plants

Cyanobacteria in fresh water can cause serious threats to drinking water supplies. Managing cyanobacterial blooms particularly at small drinking water treatment plants is challenging. Because large amount of cyanobacteria may cause clogging in the treatment process and various cyanotoxins are hard to remove, while they may cause severe health problems. There is lack of instructions of what cyanobacteria/toxin amount should trigger what kind of actions for drink-ing water management except for Microcystins. This demands a Cyanobacteria Management Tool (CMT) to help regula-tors/operators to improve cyanobacteria/cyanotoxin monitoring in surface waters for drinking water supply. This project proposes a CMT tool, including selecting proper indicators for quick cyanobacteria monitoring and verifying quick analysis methods for cyanobacteria and cyanotoxin. This tool is suggested for raw water management regarding cyano-bacteria monitoring in lakes, especially in boreal forest climate. In addition, it applies to regions that apply international WHO standards for water management. In Swedish context, drinking water producers which use raw water from lakes that experience cyanobacterial blooms, need to create a monitoring routine for cyanobacteria/cyanotoxin and to monitor beyond such as Anatoxins, Cylindrospermopsins and Saxitoxins. Using the proposed CMT tool will increase water safety at surface water treatment plants substantially by introducing three alerting points for actions. CMT design for each local condition should integrate adaptive monitoring program.

Quality and suitability of harvested rainwater for drinking in Bangladesh

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (3) ◽  
pp. 359-366 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md. Rezaul Karim
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Supply Source ◽  
Drinking Water Standard ◽  
Guideline Values ◽  
Harvesting Systems ◽  
Who Guideline

Several programs have been undertaken during the last few years to install rooftop rainwater harvesting systems as an alternative drinking water supply source both in the coastal and arsenic affected areas in Bangladesh. In this study, quality of the harvested rainwater used for drinking water supply was assessed. A total of 308 harvested rainwater samples were collected from the different storage reservoirs located both in coastal and arsenic affected areas and analysed for various physical, chemical and microbial indicators. Most of the physical and chemical water quality parameters were well below the Bangladesh Drinking Water Standard and WHO guideline values. However, the harvested rainwater was found microbiologically contaminated to some extent and the water is not suitable for consumption without treatment. For safe and sustainable rainwater harvesting, WHO guideline and water safely plan (WSP) can be adopted in Bangladesh.

scholarly journals Extreme variability of cyanobacterial blooms in an urban drinking water supply

2013 ◽  
Vol 35 (4) ◽  
pp. 744-758 ◽  
Author(s):  
Delphine C. Rolland ◽  
Sébastien Bourget ◽  
Annabelle Warren ◽  
Isabelle Laurion ◽  
Warwick F. Vincent
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Extreme Variability ◽  
Urban Drinking Water

scholarly journals Review of 130 years of research on cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems in Serbia presented in a Serbian Cyanobacterial Database

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zorica Svirčev ◽  
Nada Tokodi ◽  
Damjana Drobac
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystems ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Water Bodies ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Systematic Research ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
The Republic

<p>The presence of toxic cyanobacteria in aquatic ecosystems in the territory of the Republic of Serbia was surveyed over a period of several decades. Increasing attention is being paid to some negative consequences that may be caused by these microorganisms. Information from available literary sources regarding the distribution and frequency of cyanobacteria and their toxins over a period of 130 years, together with the effects on humans and wildlife in aquatic ecosystems, were gathered and incorporated into a Serbian Cyanobacterial Database created for the CYANOCOST Action. This database encompasses information on 65 aquatic ecosystems, including rivers, lakes, ponds, canals, irrigation reservoirs, reservoirs used for drinking water supply and reservoirs used for other purposes. Cyanobacterial blooms were found in almost 80% of the investigated aquatic ecosystems. The analysis of the research showed the presence of more than 70 species, including blooms of 24 species from 13 genera. Five species of cyanobacteria: <em>Microcystis aeruginosa</em>, <em>Aphanizomenon flos-aquae</em>, <em>Planktothrix agardhii</em>, <em>Microcystis flos-aquae</em> and <em>Planktothrix rubescens</em> frequently formed blooms in the investigated waterbodies and cyanotoxins were also detected in some of them, which had certain negative effects. Here, we present an overview of data contained in the Serbian Cyanobacterial Database, concerning cyanobacterial distribution, cyanotoxin production and associated biological effects in different types of water bodies from the Republic of Serbia. Also, recent important and major cases of cyanobacterial blooming in reservoirs used for drinking water supply: at Vrutci and Ćelije, the Aleksandrovac irrigation reservoir, the Ponjavica River and Lake Palić, including systematic research on the Lake Ludoš and few fishponds are further described. It can be concluded that cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins are omnipresent in different water bodies throughout the Republic of Serbia. For these reasons it is imperative to continue with the monitoring of cyanobacteria and cyanotoxins, as well as to continuously supplement the established database with new information. The Serbian Cyanobacterial Database represents a treasury of information on cyanobacteria and their toxins, and as a model for other countries in the region and beyond. </p>

scholarly journals Correction: Li, J., et al. Nutrient Control to Prevent the Occurrence of Cyanobacterial Blooms in a Eutrophic Lake in Southern Sweden, Used for Drinking Water Supply. Water 2018, 10, 919

Water ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1172
Author(s):  
Jing Li ◽  
Lars-Anders Hansson ◽  
Kenneth M. Persson
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Eutrophic Lake ◽  
Drinking Water Supply ◽  
Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽  
Southern Sweden ◽  
Nutrient Control ◽  
Supply Water

The authors wish to make the following corrections to this paper [...]

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